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Infectious Disease: Hepatitis

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Total 297 results found since Jan 2013.

Silencing of the scavenger receptor (Class B – Type 1) gene using siRNA-loaded chitosan nanaoparticles in a HepG2 cell model
In this study, we investigated the use of chitosan nanoparticles as non-viral delivery carriers of siRNA. As a model target, we selected the scavenger receptor (SR-B1), due to its proposed involvement in hepatitis C virus (HCV) internalization. Low molecular weight (LMW) chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by simple ionic gelation using sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as a cross-linking agent; a fixed chitosan and TPP concentration of 0.1% was used, and a chitosan to TPP weight ratios of 3:1, 5:1, and 9:1 were investigated. Nanoparticle uptake efficiency was measured using FITC-labeled chitosan nanoparticles and silencing o...
Source: Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces - November 17, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Stat3 signaling activation crosslinking of TGF-β1 in hepatic stellate cell exacerbates liver injury and fibrosis
Conclusion We provide a novel role of Stat3 cooperating TGF-β1 in activation and anti-apoptotic effect of HSCs. Stat3 worsens liver fibrosis through the up-regulation of TGF-β1 and fibrotic product expression.
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Molecular Basis of Disease - November 13, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Silencing of the Scavenger Receptor (Class B - Type 1) Gene Using siRNA-Loaded Chitosan Nanaoparticles in a HepG2 Cell Model
In this study, we investigated the use of chitosan nanoparticles as non-viral delivery carriers of siRNA. As a model target, we selected the scavenger receptor (SR-B1), due to its proposed involvement in hepatitis C virus (HCV) internalization. Low molecular weight (LMW) chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by simple ionic gelation using sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as a cross-linking agent; a fixed chitosan and TPP concentration of 0.1% was used, and a chitosan to TPP weight ratios of 3:1, 5:1, and 9:1 were investigated. Nanoparticle uptake efficiency was measured using FITC-labeled chitosan nanoparticles and silencing o...
Source: Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces - November 8, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Silencing of the scavenger receptor (Class B - Type 1) gene using siRNA-loaded chitosan nanaoparticles in a HepG2 cell model.
In this study, we investigated the use of chitosan nanoparticles as non-viral delivery carriers of siRNA. As a model target, we selected the scavenger receptor (SR-B1), due to its proposed involvement in hepatitis C virus (HCV) internalization. Low molecular weight (LMW) chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by simple ionic gelation using sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as a cross-linking agent; a fixed chitosan and TPP concentration of 0.1% was used, and a chitosan to TPP weight ratios of 3:1, 5:1, and 9:1 were investigated. Nanoparticle uptake efficiency was measured using FITC-labeled chitosan nanoparticles and silencing o...
Source: Colloids and Surfaces - November 3, 2014 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Farid MM, Hathout RM, Fawzy M, Abou-Aisha K Tags: Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces Source Type: research

Protein S exacerbates alcoholic hepatitis by stimulating liver natural killer T cells
ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest that PS exacerbates acute alcoholic hepatitis by inhibiting apoptosis of activated NKT cells.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis - November 1, 2014 Category: Hematology Authors: Ayshwarya‐Lakshmi Chelakkot‐Govindalayathil, Rumi Mifuji‐Moroka, Corina N. D’ Alessandro‐Gabazza, Masaaki Toda, Yoshikazu Matsuda, Paloma Gil‐Bernabe, Ziaurahman Roeen, Taro Yasuma, Yutaka Yano, Esteban C Gabazza, Motoh Iwasa, Yoshiyuki Takei Tags: Original Article ‐ Vascular Biology Source Type: research

RacGTPase-activating protein 1 interacts with hepatitis C virus polymerase NS5B to regulate viral replication.
Abstract Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a positive-strand RNA virus responsible for chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Rac GTPase-activating protein 1 (RacGAP1) plays an important role during GTP hydrolysis to GDP in Rac1 and CDC42 protein and has been demonstrated to be upregulated in several cancers, including HCC. However, the molecular mechanism leading to the upregulation of RacGAP1 remains poorly understood. Here, we showed that RacGAP1 levels were enhanced in HCV cell-culture-derived (HCVcc) infection. More importantly, we illustrated that RacGAP1 interacts with the viral protein NS5B in ...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 8, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Wu MJ, Ke PY, Horng JT Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

Abstract 3171: Overexpression of a cancer stem cell marker doublecortin-like kinase (DCLK1) leads to activation of inflammatory cascade during development of virus-induced hepatocellular carcinoma
Conclusions: DCLK1 overexpression appears to be intimately related to the activation of pro-inflammatory and MAPK signaling pathways during the development of virus-induced pre-neoplastic conditions and initiation of tumors in liver. Thus, targeting DCLK1 at early stage of liver diseases may prevent virus-induced cirrhosis and HCC. Citation Format: Naushad Ali, Parthasarathy Chandrakesan, Mark Huycke, Sanam Husain, Allison F. Gillaspy, Randal May, William L. Berry, Sripathi Sureban, Dongfeng Qu, Nathaniel Weygant, Michael S. Bronze, Danny N. Dhanasekaran, Courtney W. Houchen. Overexpression of a cancer stem cell marker dou...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ali, N., Chandrakesan, P., Huycke, M., Husain, S., Gillaspy, A. F., May, R., Berry, W. L., Sureban, S., Qu, D., Weygant, N., Bronze, M. S., Dhanasekaran, D. N., Houchen, C. W. Tags: Carcinogenesis Source Type: research

Tumor suppressor micro RNA miR-145 and onco micro RNAs miR-21 and miR-222 expressions are differentially modulated by Hepatitis B virus X protein in malignant hepatocytes
Conclusion: Thus, HBx protein differentially modulated the expression of miRNAs. The study throws light into possible way by which HBx protein acts through microRNA and thereby regulate host functioning. It might suggest new therapeutic strategies against hepatic cancer.
Source: BMC Cancer - September 26, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Manikankana BandopadhyayArup BanerjeeNeelakshi SarkarRajesh PanigrahiSibnarayan DattaAnanya PalShivram SinghAvik BiswasShekhar ChakrabartiRunu Chakravarty Source Type: research

A rational study for identification of highly effective siRNAs against hepatitis B virus.
In this study, we demonstrate that an assembly of results generated from different siRNA designing programs could provide clusters of predicting sites that aided selection of potent siRNAs. Based on the clusters, three siRNA target sites were selected on a conserved RNA region of hepatitis B virus (HBV), known as HBV post-transcriptional regulatory element (HBV PRE) at nucleotide positions 1317-1337, 1357-1377 and 1644-1664. All three chosen siRNAs driven by H1 promoter were highly effective and could drastically decrease expression of HBV transcripts (core, surface and X) and surface protein without induction of interfero...
Source: Experimental and Molecular Pathology - June 19, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Thongthae N, Payungporn S, Poovorawan Y, T-Thienprasert NP Tags: Exp Mol Pathol Source Type: research

Key elements of the RNA interference pathway are regulated by Hepatitis B virus replication and HBx acts as a viral suppressor of RNA silencing
The host-mediated RNA interference pathways (RNAi) restrict replication of viruses in plant, invertebrate and vertebrate systems. However, comparatively little is known about the interplay between RNAi and various viral infections in mammalian hosts. We show here that the siRNA mediated silencing of Drosha, Dicer and Ago2 transcripts in Huh7 cells resulted in elevated levels of HBV specific RNAs, and conversely, we observed a decrease in mRNA and protein levels of same RNAi components in HepG2 cells infected with HBV. Similar reductions were also detectable in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Analysis of CHB liver biops...
Source: BJ Disease - June 6, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: M Chinnappan, A Kumar Singh, P Kakumani, G Kumar, S Babasaheb Rooge, A Kumari, A Varshney, A Rastogi, A Kumar Singh, S Kumar Sarin, P Malhotra, S Kumar Mukherjee, R Kamal Bhatnagar Tags: BJ Disease Source Type: research

Investigating the antiviral role of cell death‐inducing DFF45‐like effector B in HCV replication
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: FEBS Journal - June 1, 2014 Category: Research Authors: Ragunath Singaravelu, Julie Delcorde, Rodney K Lyn, Rineke H Steenbergen, Daniel M Jones, D Lorne Tyrrell, Rodney S Russell, John Paul Pezacki Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Acetylshikonin induces apoptosis of hepatitis B virus X protein-expressing human hepatocellular carcinoma cells via endoplasmic reticulum stress.
Abstract Since it has been known that shikonin derived from a medicinal plant possesses anti-cancer activity, we wonder whether acetylshikonin (ASK), a derivate of shikonin, could be used to treat hepatocellular carcinoma cells expressing hepatitis B virus X protein (HBX), an oncoprotein from hepatitis B virus. When ASK was added to Hep3B cells stably expressing HBX, it induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. ASK induced upregulation and export of Nur77 to the cytoplasm and activation of JNK. Likewise, suppression of Nur77 and JNK inactivation protected the cells from ASK-induced apoptosis, indicating that N...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - April 24, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Moon J, Koh SS, Malilas W, Cho IR, Kaewpiboon C, Kaowinn S, Lee K, Jhun BH, Choi YW, Chung YH Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

The role of von Willebrand factor as a biomarker of tumor development in hepatitis B virus-associated human hepatocellular carcinoma: a quantitative proteomic based study.
We report comparative plasma proteome profiles of HBV-associated HCC and nonmalignant chronic liver diseases, including chronic hepatitis B and cirrhosis. The quantification of these datasets showed altered abundance of 21 proteins in HBV-related HCC and provides a reference point for future applied and basic research. In addition, we have demonstrated that the candidate protein vWF is involved in the pathogenesis of HBV infection and replication, and also associated with clinicopathologic staging of HCC patients with HBV infection. Overall these findings provide information on the mechanism of HCC development, which may a...
Source: Journal of Proteomics - April 23, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Liu Y, Wang X, Li S, Hu H, Zhang D, Hu P, Yang Y, Ren H Tags: J Proteomics Source Type: research

A display of pH-sensitive fusogenic GALA peptide facilitates endosomal escape from a Bio-nanocapsule via an endocytic uptake pathway
Conclusion: The genetic fusion of a GALA peptide to the virus-like particle confers the ability of endosomal escape.
Source: Journal of Nanobiotechnology - April 1, 2014 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Yuya NishimuraKoichi TakedaRyosuke EzawaJun IshiiChiaki OginoAkihiko Kondo Source Type: research

Farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 regulates hepatitis C virus propagation
Highlights: Abstract: To identify the novel genes involved in lipid metabolism and lipid droplet formation that may play important roles in Hepatitis C virus (HCV) propagation, we have screened the small interfering RNA library using cell culture derived HCV (HCVcc)-infected cells. We selected and characterized the gene encoding farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 (FDFT1). siRNA-mediated knockdown of FDFT1 impaired HCV replication in both subgenomic replicon and HCVcc infected cells. Moreover, YM-53601, an inhibitor of FDFT1 enzyme activity, abrogated HCV propagation. HCV infection increased FDFT1 protein level but ...
Source: FEBS Letters - March 31, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Eun-Mee Park, Lam N. Nguyen, Yun-Sook Lim, Soon B. Hwang Tags: Research Letters Source Type: research