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Source: Experimental Cell Research

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Total 221 results found since Jan 2013.

Nicotine inhibits MAPK signaling and spheroid invasion in ovarian cancer cells.
Abstract Nicotine is the major addictive component of cigarette smoke and although it is not considered carcinogenic, it can enhance or inhibit cancer cell proliferation depending on the type of cancer. Nicotine mediates its effects through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), which are expressed in many different neuronal and non-neuronal cell types. We observed that the α4, α5, α7 subunits nAChRs were expressed in ovarian cancer (OC) cells. Nicotine inhibited the proliferation of SKOV3 and TOV112D OC cells, which have TP53 mutation and wild-type KRAS, but did not inhibit the proliferation of TOV21G or ...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - July 6, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: Harmych SJ, Kumar J, Bouni ME, Chadee DN Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

iTRAQ-based proteomics and in vitro experiments reveals essential roles of ACE and AP-N in the renin-angiotensin system-mediated congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction.
CONCLUSION: Suppression of ACE and AP-N expression mediates congenital UPJO pathogenesis by repressing renal tubular epithelial proliferation, promoting ROS production, and enhancing inflammatory factor expression. PMID: 32416091 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Cell Research - May 12, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: Liu R, Zhang W, Luo M, Qin X, Yang F, Wei Q Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

FBXW7 promotes pathological cardiac hypertrophy by targeting EZH2-SIX1 signaling.
Abstract F-box and WD repeat domain-containing 7 (FBXW7) is an E3-ubiquitin ligase, which serves as one of the components of the SKP1, CUL1, and F-box protein type ubiquitin ligase (SCF) complex. Previous studies reveal that FBXW7 participates in cancer, inflammation and Parkinson's disease. FBXW7 also contributes to angiogenesis of endothelial cells. However, the function of FBXW7 in cardiac homeostasis remains to elucidate. Here we identified the critical role of FBXW7 during cardiac hypertrophy in humans and rodents. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot revealed that the mRNA and protein levels...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - May 3, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: Gao W, Guo N, Zhao S, Chen Z, Zhang W, Yan F, Liao H, Chi K Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

TRIM16 protects from OGD/R-induced oxidative stress in cultured hippocampal neurons by enhancing Nrf2/ARE antioxidant signaling via downregulation of Keap1.
Abstract Tripartite motif 16 (TRIM16) has emerged as a novel oxidative stress-responsive protein that confers cytoprotective effects by reinforcing the cellular antioxidant system. However, whether TRIM16 is involved in regulating oxidative stress during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury remains unclear. In the present study, we aimed to explore the potential function and molecular mechanism of TRIM16 in regulating oxidative stress in neurons induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) in vitro. Here, we found that OGD/R exposure resulted in a significant induction of TRIM16 expression in neuron...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - April 2, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: Ren X, Yu J, Guo L, Ma H Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

HLA-B influences integrin beta-1 expression and pancreatic cancer cell migration.
In this study, we examined the effect of HLA-B on pancreatic cancer cell migration. HLA-B siRNA transfection increased the migration of the S2-013 pancreatic cancer cells but, in contrast, reduced migration of the PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cell lines. Integrin molecules have previously been implicated in the upregulation of pancreatic cancer cell migration, and knockdown of HLA-B in S2-013 cells heightened the expression of integrin beta 1 (ITGB1), but in the PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2 cells HLA-B knockdown diminished ITGB1 expression. A transmembrane sequence in an S2-013 HLA-B heavy chain matches a correspon...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - March 15, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: Sliker BH, Goetz BT, Barnes R, King H, Maurer HC, Olive KP, Solheim JC Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) activation induces the antioxidant protein metallothionein 1 expression in mouse liver.
Abstract Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a metabolic nuclear receptor, which protects liver from many endogenous and exogenous injuries. Metallothioneins (MTs) belong to a low-molecular-weight protein family involved in metal homeostasis and the regulation of hepatic oxidative stress. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of FXR on hepatic MT1 expression and the underlying mechanism. C57BL/6 mice or primary cultured mouse hepatocytes were treated with the synthetic FXR ligand GW4064 or natural ligand CDCA. RNA-Sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis was performed to identify gene expression profile in the l...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - March 3, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: Wang B, Zhang H, Luan Z, Xu H, Wei Y, Zhao X, Xing M, Huo X, Zhang J, Su W, Guan Y, Zhang X Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 suppresses growth and differentiation of osteoblasts and differentiation of osteoclasts by targeting the AKT pathway.
In conclusion, our results demonstrate that TIMP1 can act as a suppressor of growth and differentiation of osteoblasts and differentiation of osteoclasts through the negative regulation of the AKT pathway. We propose that TIMP1 may serve as a potential target for low bone mass-related skeletal diseases, such as osteoporosis. PMID: 32113948 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Cell Research - February 26, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: Xi Y, Huang H, Zhao Z, Ma J, Chen Y Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Dopamine 1 receptor activation protects mouse diabetic podocytes injury via regulating the PKA/NOX-5/p38  MAPK axis.
In conclusion, D1R activation can protect diabetic podocytes from apoptosis and oxidative damage, in part through the PKA/NOX-5/p38 MAPK pathway. PMID: 31954110 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Cell Research - January 14, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: Shao X, Zhang X, Hu J, Gao T, Chen J, Xu C, Wei C Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Inhibition of TRIM8 restrains ischaemia-reperfusion-mediated cerebral injury by regulation of NF- κB activation associated inflammation and apoptosis.
Inhibition of TRIM8 restrains ischaemia-reperfusion-mediated cerebral injury by regulation of NF-κB activation associated inflammation and apoptosis. Exp Cell Res. 2020 Jan 06;:111818 Authors: Bai X, Zhang YL, Liu LN Abstract Stroke is a leading global cause of mortality and disability. However, the pathogenesis that contributes to stroke has not been fully understood. The tripartite motif (TRIM)-containing proteins usually exhibit essential regulatory roles during various biological processes. TRIM8 is a RING domain-containing E3 ubiquitin ligase, playing crucial roles in regulating inflammation and...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - January 5, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: Bai X, Zhang YL, Liu LN Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Human artificial chromosome (HAC) for measuring chromosome instability (CIN) and identification of genes required for proper chromosome transmission.
Abstract Chromosomal instability (CIN) is one of the characteristics of cancer inherent for tumor initiation and progression, which is defined as a persistent, high rate of gain/loss of whole chromosomes. In the vast majority of human tumors the molecular basis of CIN remains unknown. The development of a conceptually simple colony color sectoring assay that measures yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) loss provided a powerful genetic tool to assess the rate of chromosome mis-segregation and also identified 937 yeast genes involved in this process. Similarly, a human artificial chromosome (HAC)-based assay has been ...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - December 22, 2019 Category: Cytology Authors: Kouprina N, Liskovykh M, Petrov N, Larionov V Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Interleukin 9 prevents immune thrombocytopenia in mice via JAK/STAT5 signaling.
Abstract Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by autoimmune-mediated platelet destruction and impaired platelet production, which can lead to an increased risk of bleeding. The clinical management of ITP currently remains a challenge for hematologists. We explored the role of interleukin-9 (IL-9) in the treatment of CD41-induced ITP, and investigated its underlying mechanisms in a CD41-induced ITP mouse model. IL-9 treatment increased the numbers of mature megakaryocytes (CD41+CD42d+) and CD41+Sca-1+ cells in the bone marrow in these model mice, while IL-9 receptor (IL-9R) small in...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - December 22, 2019 Category: Cytology Authors: Zheng Y, He Y, Xiao M, Zhang W, Xia W, Hu H, Mao L, Liu A, Chen Z, Bai X, Li Y Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

WDR62 is a novel participator in spindle migration and asymmetric cytokinesis during mouse oocyte meiotic maturation.
In this study, we conclude that WDR62 (WD40-repeat protein 62) plays an important role for asymmetric meiotic division in mouse oocyte. Our initial study demonstrated that WDR62 mainly co-localized with chromosomes during mouse oocyte meiotic maturation. Interference of Wdr62 by siRNA microinjection did not affect germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) but compromised the first polar body extrusion (PBE) with the large polar bodies generated, which is coupled with a higher incidence of spindle abnormality and chromosome misalignment. Further analysis concluded that loss of WDR62 blocked asymmetric spindle positioning and actin ...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - December 9, 2019 Category: Cytology Authors: Wang YS, Jiao XF, Chen F, Wu D, Ding ZM, Miao YL, Huo LJ Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Sodium butyrate causes α-synuclein degradation by an Atg5-dependent and PI3K/Akt/mTOR-related autophagy pathway.
Abstract Aggregation of α-Synuclein is central to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, these α-Synuclein inclusions are not only present in brain, but also in gut. Enteroendocrine cells (EECs), which are directly exposed to the gut lumen, can express α-Synuclein and directly connect to α-Synuclein-containing nerves. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota and microbial metabolite short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) has been implicated as a driver for PD. Butyrate is an SCFA produced by the gut microbiota. Our aim was to demonstrate how α-Synuclein expression in EECs responds to butyrate stimulation. Interes...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - December 9, 2019 Category: Cytology Authors: Qiao CM, Sun MF, Jia XB, Shi Y, Zhang BP, Zhou ZL, Zhao LP, Cui C, Shen YQ Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

GDF15 induced by compressive force contributes to osteoclast differentiation in human periodontal ligament cells.
In this study, we identified a novel compressive force responsive gene-Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), whose expression transcriptionally increased in human periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) after exposure to the static compressive force in vitro. Functional analyses proved that GDF15 could promote osteoclast differentiation of the murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7 cells. Molecular investigation uncovered that GDF15 could promote the expression of several pro-inflammatory cytokines and RANKL/OPG ratio in PDLCs, while knockdown of GDF15 impaired their upregulation induced by compressive force. Additionally, ...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - November 21, 2019 Category: Cytology Authors: Li S, Li Q, Zhu Y, Hu W Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

PKD deletion promotes autophagy and inhibits hypertrophy in cardiomyocyte.
This study, using primary cardiomyocyte culture, PKD knockdown and overexpression, and other molecular techniques, tested our hypothesis that PKD pathway mediates cardiac hypertrophy by negatively regulating autophagy in cardiomyocyte. Neonatal cardiomyocytes were isolated from Wistar rats and cell hypertrophy was induced by norepinephrine treatment (PE, 10-4 mol/L), and divided into the following groups: (1) Vehicle; (2) PE; (3) PE + control siRNA; (4) PE + Rapamycin (100 nM); (5) PE + PKD-siRNA (2 × 108 U/0.1 ml); (6) PE + PKD siRNA + 3 MA (10 mM). The results showed that PE treatment induced cardiomyo...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - November 19, 2019 Category: Cytology Authors: Zhao D, Gao Y, Wang W, Pei H, Xu C, Zhao Z Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research