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Source: Experimental Cell Research

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Total 221 results found since Jan 2013.

The angiogenic related functions of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are promoted by CBDL rat serum via the Akt/Nrf2 pathway.
In conclusion, these findings indicated that the number of MSCs increased in the peripheral blood of CBDL rats, and the Akt/Nrf2 pathway plays a vital role in promoting the angiogenic related functions of BM-MSCs, which could be a potent contributor to pulmonary angiogenesis in HPS. PMID: 27105936 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Cell Research - April 18, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Shen CC, Chen B, Gu JT, Ning JL, Chen L, Zeng J, Yi B, Lu KZ Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Fluid shear stress suppresses TNF-α-induced apoptosis in MC3T3-E1 cells: Involvement of ERK5-AKT-FoxO3a-Bim/FasL signaling pathways.
Abstract TNF-α is known to induce osteoblasts apoptosis, whereas mechanical stimulation has been shown to enhance osteoblast survival. In the present study, we found that mechanical stimulation in the form of fluid shear stress (FSS) suppresses TNF-α induced apoptosis in MC3T3-E1 cells. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family that has been implicated in cell survival. We also demonstrated that FSS imposed by flow chamber in vitro leads to a markedly activation of ERK5, which was shown to be protective against TNF-α-induced apoptosis, where...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - April 5, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Bin G, Bo Z, Jing W, Jin J, Xiaoyi T, Cong C, Liping A, Jinglin M, Cuifang W, Yonggang C, Yayi X Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Tissue distribution of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in the intestine: Implication of putative roles in tumor suppression.
Abstract Intestinal homeostasis is maintained by complex interactions between intestinal microorganisms and the gut immune system. Dysregulation of gut immunity may lead to inflammatory disorders and tumorigenesis. We previously have shown the tumor suppressive effects of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in intestinal carcinogenesis. In the present study, we investigated AhR distribution in the mouse and human intestine by histochemical analysis. In the normal intestine, AhR was mainly localized in the stroma containing immune cells in the lamina propria and lymphoid follicles. On the other hand, in the tumor tissu...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - March 10, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Ikuta T, Kurosumi M, Yatsuoka T, Nishimura Y Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Targeting the replisome with transduced monoclonal antibodies triggers lethal DNA replication stress in cancer cells.
Abstract Although chemical inhibition of the DNA damage response (DDR) in cancer cells triggers cell death, it is not clear if the fork blockade achieved with inhibitors that neutralise proteins of the replisome is sufficient on its own to overcome the DDR. Monoclonal antibodies to PCNA, which block the DNA elongation process in vitro, have been developed. When these antibodies were transduced into cancer cells, they are able to inhibit the incorporation of nucleoside analogues. When co-delivered with anti-PCNA siRNA, the cells were flattened and the size of their nuclei increased by up to 3-fold, prior to cell de...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - March 8, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Desplancq D, Freund G, Conic S, Sibler AP, Didier P, Stoessel A, Oulad-Abdelghani M, Vigneron M, Wagner J, Mély Y, Chatton B, Tora L, Weiss E Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

The role of Resveratrol-induced mitophagy/autophagy in peritoneal mesothelial cells inflammatory injury via NLRP3 inflammasome activation triggered by mitochondrial ROS.
Abstract It has been suggested that continuous exposure of peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs) to high glucose-containing peritoneal dialysis (PD) solutions may result in peritoneal inflammatory injury and impairment of local peritoneal host defence. Here, we investigated the effect of glucose-based PD solutions on mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nod-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation in human PMCs (HPMCs). Exposure of HPMCs to high glucose-based PD solutions resulted in ROS production, which can trigger NLRP3 activation, leading to IL-1β secretion. Additionally, resveratrol (RSV) tre...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - January 26, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Wu J, Li X, Zhu G, Zhang Y, He M, Zhang J Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

TIGIT overexpression diminishes the function of CD4 T cells and ameliorates the severity of rheumatoid arthritis in mouse models.
In this study, we investigated the role of T cell immunoglobulin and ITIM (immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif) domain (TIGIT) in RA. The frequency of TIGIT-positive CD4(+) T cells in the synovial fluid (SF) of active RA patients was lower than that of inactive RA patients. And a negative correlation between RA disease activity and TIGIT expression was found. In CD4(+) T cells isolated from SF of active RA patients, TIGIT upregulation significantly decreased cell proliferation, as shown by MTT assay. TIGIT overexpression also significantly decreased the production of IFN-γ and IL-17, and increased that of IL-10...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - December 9, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Zhao W, Dong Y, Wu C, Ma Y, Jin Y, Ji Y Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Puromycin aminonucleoside increases podocyte permeability by modulating ZO-1 in an oxidative stress-dependent manner.
Abstract Puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN)-induced nephrosis is a widely studied animal model of human idiopathic nephrotic syndrome because PAN injection into rats results in increased glomerular permeability with the characteristic ultrastructural changes in podocytes similar to human nephrosis. To investigate the role of zonula occludens (ZO)-1 and oxidative stress on PAN-induced podocyte phenotypical changes and hyperpermeability in vitro, we cultured rat and mouse podocytes and treated with various concentrations of PAN. PAN treatment increased oxidative stress level of podocytes significantly with the inductio...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - December 9, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Ha TS, Park HY, Seong SB, Ahn HY Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

TNFα driven HIF-1α-Hexokinase II axis regulates MHC-I cluster stability through actin cytoskeleton.
Abstract Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α)-regulated expression of Hexokinase-II (HKII) remains a cornerstone in the maintenance of high metabolic demands subserving various pro-tumor functions including immune evasion in gliomas. Since inflammation-induced HIF-1α regulates Major Histocompatibility Complex class I (MHC-I) gene expression, and as cytoskeletal dynamics affect MHC-I membrane clusters, we investigated the involvement of HIF-1α-HKII axis in Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNFα)-mediated MHC-I membrane cluster stability in glioma cells and the involvement of actin cytoskeleton in the process. TNFα in...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - November 17, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Ghosh S, Gupta P, Sen E Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Activation of PPAR alpha by fenofibrate inhibits apoptosis in vascular adventitial fibroblasts partly through SIRT1-mediated deacetylation of FoxO1.
In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of PPARα agonist fenofibrate on cell apoptosis and SIRT1 expression and related mechanisms in ApoE(-/-) mice and VAFs in vitro. We found that fenofibrate inhibited cell apoptosis in vascular adventitia and up-regulated SIRT1 expression in aorta of ApoE(-/-) mice. Moreover, SIRT1 activator resveratrol (RSV) further enhanced these effects of fenofibrate. In vitro study showed that activation of PPARα by fenofibrate inhibited TNF-α-induced cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in VAFs. Meanwhile, fenofibrate up-regulated SIRT1 expression and inhibited SIRT1 translocation from ...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - July 27, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Wang WR, Liu EQ, Zhang JY, Li YX, Yang XF, He YH, Zhang W, Lin R Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

The rho-mDia1 signaling pathway is required for cyclic strain-induced cytoskeletal rearrangement of Human periodontal ligament Cells.
Abstract Tooth movement is the result of periodontal tissue reconstruction. The biomechanical effects produced by orthopedic forces can affect the cytoskeletal rearrangement of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs). However, the mechanisms responsible for the cytoskeletal rearrangement are not completely understood. To analyze the effect, we investigated the role of the Rho-mDia1 signaling pathway in cyclic strain-induced cytoskeletal rearrangement of hPDLCs in detail. We cultured hPDLCs on collagen I-coated six-well Bioflex plates and then exposed them to cyclic strain with physiological loading (10%) at a fr...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - July 19, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Wu J, Song M, Li T, Zhu Z, Pan J Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Apolipoprotein E promotes lipid accumulation and differentiation in Human adipocytes.
Abstract Several studies in mice indicate a role for apolipoprotein E (APOE) in lipid accumulation and adipogenic differentiation in adipose tissue. However, little is yet known if APOE functions in a similar manner in human adipocytes. This prompted us to compare lipid loading and expression of adipocyte differentiation markers in APOE-deficient and control adipocytes using the differentiated human mesenchymal stem cell line hMSC-Tert as well as primary human and mouse adipocytes as model systems. Differentiated hMSC-Tert were stably transduced with or without siRNA targeting APOE while murine adipocytes were iso...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - July 19, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Lasrich D, Bartelt A, Grewal T, Heeren J Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

PI3K/SGK1/GSK3β signaling pathway Is involved in inhibition of autophagy in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation by Hydrogen sulfide.
In conclusion, H2S can inhibit autophagy in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes exposed to H/R and exert a cardioprotective effect at least partly by regulating PI3K/SGK1/GSK3β signaling pathway. PMID: 26163895 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Cell Research - July 8, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Jiang H, Xiao J, Kang B, Zhu X, Xin N, Wang Z Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

ENO1 promotes tumor proliferation and cell adhesion mediated drug resistance (CAM-DR) in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas.
In this study, we investigated the expression and biologic function of ENO1 in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas (NHLs). Clinically, by western blot analysis we observed that ENO1 expression was apparently higher in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma than in the reactive lymphoid tissues. Subsequently, immunohistochemical staining of 144 NHLs suggested that the expression of ENO1 was significantly lower in the indolent lymphomas compared with the progressive lymphomas. Further, we identified ENO1 as an independent prognostic factor, and it was significantly correlated with overall survival of NHL patients. In addition, we found that ENO1...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - May 26, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Zhu X, Miao X, Wu Y, Li C, Guo Y, Liu Y, Chen Y, Lu X, Wang Y, He S Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Heme oxygenase-1 enhances autophagy in podocytes as a protective mechanism against High glucose-induced apoptosis.
Abstract Injury and loss of podocytes play vital roles in diabetic nephropathy progression. Emerging evidence suggests autophagy, which is induced by multiple stressors including hyperglycemia, plays a protective role. Meanwhile, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) possesses powerful anti-apoptotic properties. Therefore, we investigated the impact of autophagy on podocyte apoptosis under diabetic conditions and its association with HO-1. Mouse podocytes were cultured in vitro; apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Transmission electron microscopy and biochemical autophagic flux assays were used to measure the autophagy ma...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - April 13, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Dong C, Zheng H, Huang S, You N, Xu J, Ye X, Zhu Q, Feng Y, You Q, Miao H, Ding D, Lu Y Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Experimental evidence of Migfilin as a new therapeutic target of hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis.
Abstract Migfilin is a novel cell-matrix adhesion protein known to interact with Vasodilator Stimulated Phosphoprotein (VASP) and be localized both at cell-matrix and cell-cell adhesions. To date there is nothing known on its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). As matrix is important in metastasis, we aimed to investigate the Migfilin's role in HCC metastasis using two human HCC cell lines that differ in their metastatic potential; non-invasive Alexander cells and the highly invasive HepG2 cells. We silenced Migfilin by siRNA and studied its effect on signaling and metastasis-related cellular properties. We sh...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - March 12, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Gkretsi V, Bogdanos DP Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research