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Source: Experimental Cell Research

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Total 221 results found since Jan 2013.

A positive feedback loop between GRP78 and VPS34 is critical for GRP78-mediated autophagy in cancer cells.
Abstract Autophagy and GRP78 overexpression are two important means by which tumor cells resist microenvironmental stress and chemotherapeutic drugs; however, the relationship between autophagy and GRP78 remains unclear. Here, we found that forced expression of GRP78 in tumor cells promoted autophagy, which was indicated by alterations in the levels of autophagy related proteins, such as increased VPS34 and LC3-II, and decreased p62 and LC3-I. Consistently, GRP78 knockdown suppressed tumor cell autophagy. Our results further demonstrated that GRP78-induced autophagy was mediated by VPS34, and that UPR-associated a...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - December 26, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Wang Y, Wu H, Li Z, Yang P, Li Z Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Silencing HS6ST3 inhibits growth and progression of breast cancer cells through suppressing IGF1R and inducing XAF1.
This study aimed to analyze the expression and function of HS6ST3 in breast cancer. HS6ST3 was found up-regulated in T47D, MCF7 and MDA-MB231 breast cancer cell lines. HS6ST3 was then silenced in T47D and MCF7 using siRNA. Silencing HS6ST3 diminished tumor cell growth, migration and invasion, but enhanced cell adhesion and apoptosis in breast cancer. Gene microarray analysis revealed that silencing HS6ST3 significantly changed the expression of IGF1R and XAF1 in breast cancer cells. Further functional studies showed that the cellular processes were mediated by IGF1R and XAF1 after silencing HS6ST3 in breast cancer cells. T...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - December 21, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Iravani O, Bay BH, Yip GW Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Silencing cardiomyocyte TLR4 reduces injury following hypoxia.
Abstract Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), the receptor for lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of gram-negative pathogens expressed in the heart, is activated by several endogenous ligands associated with tissue injury in response to myocardial infarction (MI). The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of TLR4 signaling in cardiomyocytes dysfunction following hypoxia (90min) using multiple methodologies such as knocking down TLR4 and small interfering RNA (siTLR4). Cardiomyocytes of C57Bl/6 mice (WT) subjected to hypoxic stress showed increased cardiac release of LDH, HMGB1, IκB, TNF-α and myocardial apoptotic a...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - October 25, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Avlas O, Srara S, Shainberg A, Aravot D, Hochhauser E Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Overexpression of soluble ADAM33 promotes a hypercontractile phenotype of the airway smooth muscle cell in rat.
Abstract A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 33 (ADAM33) has been identified as a susceptibility gene for asthma, but details of the causality are not fully understood. we hypothesize that soluble ADAM33 (sADAM33) overexpression can alter the mechanical behaviors of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) via regulation of the cell's contractile phenotype, and thus contributes to airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in asthma. To test this hypothesis, we either overexpressed or knocked down the sADAM33 level in rat ASMCs by transfecting the cells with sADAM33 or a small interfering RNA (siRNA) that specifically targets the...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - October 4, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Duan Y, Long J, Chen J, Jiang X, Zhu J, Jin Y, Lin F, Zhong J, Xu R, Mao L, Deng L Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Norepinephrine Inhibits Mesenchymal Stem Cell Chemotaxis Migration by Increasing Stromal Cell-derived Factor-1 Secretion by Vascular Endothelial Cells via NE/abrd3/JNK Pathway.
Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are physiologically maintained in vascular endothelial cell (VEC)-based niches, play a critical role in tissue regeneration. Our previous studies demonstrated that sympathetic denervation could promote MSC mobilization, thereby enhancing bone formation in distraction osteogenesis (DO), a self-tissue engineering for craniofacial and orthopeadic surgeries. However, the mechanisms on how sympathetic neurotransmitter norepinephrine (NE) regulates MSC migration are not well understood. Here we showed that deprivation of NE by transection of cervical sympathetic trunk (TCST)...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - September 16, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Wu B, Wang L, Yang X, Mao M, Ye C, Liu P, Yang Z, Yang X, Lei D, Zhang C Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Lactate induced HIF-1 α-PRMT1 cross talk affects MHC I expression in monocytes.
Lactate induced HIF-1α-PRMT1 cross talk affects MHC I expression in monocytes. Exp Cell Res. 2016 Aug 9; Authors: Gupta P, Singh A, Gowda P, Ghosh S, Chatterjee A, Sen E Abstract Tumor infiltrating monocytes play a crucial role in tumor immune surveillance. As lactate is an important component of the tumor milieu, we investigated its role in the transcriptional regulation of MHC I which is crucial for mounting effective immune responses against tumors. Lactate elevated MHC class I expression in monocytes. Increase in HLAB expression was concomitant with increase in HIF-1α and decrease in PRMT1 level...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - August 8, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Gupta P, Singh A, Gowda P, Ghosh S, Chatterjee A, Sen E Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Perturbation of the Warburg effect increases the sensitivity of cancer cells to TRAIL-induced cell death.
Abstract Tumor necrosis-factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a member of the TNF-superfamily that selectively induces apoptosis through death receptors (DRs) 4 and/ or DR5 in cancer cells, without affecting normal cells. Unfortunately, many clinical studies have shown that cancer cells acquire TRAIL-resistance and thus avoid TRAIL-induced apoptosis. In the current study, we newly found that PTBP1, a splicer protein that plays an important role in energy metabolism is highly expressed in TRAIL-resistant human colon cancer DLD-1. Interestingly, silencing PTBP1 by using siRNA for PTBP1 (siR-PTBP1...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - July 20, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Kumazaki M, Shinohara H, Taniguchi K, Takai T, Kuranaga Y, Sugito N, Akao Y Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Silencing cardiomyocyte TLR4 reduces injury following hypoxia.
Abstract Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), the receptor for lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of gram-negative pathogens expressed in the heart, is activated by several endogenous ligands associated with tissue injury in response to myocardial infarction (MI). The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of TLR4 signaling in cardiomyocytes dysfunction following hypoxia (90minutes) using multiple methodologies such as knocking down TLR4 and small interfering RNA (siTLR4). Cardiomyocytes of C57Bl/6 mice (WT) subjected to hypoxic stress showed increased cardiac release of LDH, HMGB1, IκB, TNF-α and myocardial apoptot...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - July 18, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Avlas O, Srara S, Shainberg A, Aravot D, Hochhauser E Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

NF- κB-dependent transcriptional upregulation of cyclin D1 exerts cytoprotection against hypoxic injury upon EGFR activation.
NF-κB-dependent transcriptional upregulation of cyclin D1 exerts cytoprotection against hypoxic injury upon EGFR activation. Exp Cell Res. 2016 Jul 18; Authors: Chen ZD, Xu L, Tang KK, Gong FX, Liu JQ, Ni Y, Jiang LZ, Hong J, Han F, Li Q, Yang XH, Sun RH, Mo SJ Abstract Apoptosis of neural cells is one of the main pathological features in hypoxic/ischemic brain injury. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) might be a potential therapeutic target for hypoxic/ischemic brain injury since NF-κB has been found to be inactivated after hypoxia exposure, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms of NF-κB inactivation ...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - July 17, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Chen ZD, Xu L, Tang KK, Gong FX, Liu JQ, Ni Y, Jiang LZ, Hong J, Han F, Li Q, Yang XH, Sun RH, Mo SJ Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

miR-125b targets DNMT3b and mediates p53 DNA methylation involving in the vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation induced by homocysteine.
Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNA and play crucial roles in a wide array of biological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Our previous studies found that homocysteine(hcy) can stimulate the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), however, the underlying mechanisms were not fully elucidated. Here, we found proliferation of VSMCs induced by Hcy was of correspondence to the miR-125b expression reduced both in vitro and in the ApoE knockout mice, the hypermethylation of p53, its decreased expression, and DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3b (DNMT3...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - July 13, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Cao C, Zhang H, Zhao L, Zhou L, Zhang M, Xu H, Han X, Li G, Yang X, Jiang Y Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

miR-106b-5p and miR-17-5p suppress osteogenic differentiation by targeting Smad5 and inhibit bone formation.
In this study, we investigated the effect of miR-106b-5p and miR-17-5p on osteogenic differentiation. We observed an obvious decreasement in miR-106b-5p and miR-17-5p levels during osteogenic differentiation. By using gain- and loss-of function experiments, we noticed that miR-106b-5p and miR-17-5p could suppress the osteogenic differentiation of C2C12 and MC3T3-E1 cells. In addition, we performed bioinformatic analysis, western blot and luciferase reporter assay to confirm that miR-106b-5p and miR-17-5p could regulate Smad5 expression negatively. When we inhibited Smad5 expression by siRNA, the effects of miR-106b-5p and ...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - July 13, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Fang T, Wu Q, Zhou L, Mu S, Fu Q Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Toll-like receptor 4 promotes angiogenesis in pancreatic cancer via PI3K/AKT signaling.
This study aimed to investigate the role of TLR4 in the angiogenesis of pancreatic cancer and the underlying molecular mechanisms. The culture supernatant (conditioned medium) of PANC-1 cells after appropriate treatment was used for the treatment of HUVECs. The proliferation, migration and tube formation of HUVECs were assessed by MTT, Transwell and Matrigel, respectively. In pancreatic cancer tissues, TLR4, VEGF and CD31 were upregulated as determined by immunohistochemistry and the expression of TLR4 and VEGF was positively correlated with microvessel density as detected by CD31 staining. Activation of TLR4 signaling by ...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - July 13, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Sun Y, Wu C, Ma J, Yang Y, Man X, Wu H, Li S Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

FGF21 represses cerebrovascular aging via improving mitochondrial biogenesis and inhibiting p53 signaling pathway in an AMPK-dependent manner.
Abstract Cerebrovascular aging has a high relationship with stroke and neurodegenerative disease. In the present study, we evaluated the influence of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) on angiotensin (Ang II)-mediated cerebrovascular aging in human brain vascular smooth muscle cells (hBVSMCs). Ang II induced remarkable aging-phenotypes in hBVSMCs, including enhanced SA-β-gal staining and NBS1 protein expression. First, we used immunoblotting assay to confirm protein expression of FGF21 receptor (FGFR1) and the co-receptor β-Klotho in cultured hBVSMCs. Second, we found that FGF21 treatment partly prevented the a...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - June 26, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Wang XM, Xiao H, Liu LL, Cheng D, Li XJ, Si LY Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

N-terminal nesprin-2 variants regulate β-catenin signalling.
Abstract The spatial compartmentalisation of biochemical signalling pathways is essential for cell function. Nesprins are a multi-isomeric family of proteins that have emerged as signalling scaffolds, herein, we investigate the localisation and function of novel nesprin-2 N-terminal variants. We show that these nesprin-2 variants display cell specific distribution and reside in both the cytoplasm and nucleus. Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that nesprin-2 N-terminal variants colocalised with β-catenin at cell-cell junctions in U2OS cells. Calcium switch assays demonstrated that nesprin-2 and β-catenin are...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - June 15, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Zhang Q, Minaisah RM, Ferraro E, Li C, Porter LJ, Zhou C, Gao F, Zhang J, Rajgor D, Autore F, Shanahan CM, Warren DT Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Berberine attenuates high glucose-induced fibrosis by activating the G protein-coupled bile acid receptor TGR5 and repressing the S1P2/MAPK signaling pathway in glomerular mesangial cells.
In this study, we explored the role of TGR5 in the BBR-induced downregulation of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1P2) / mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) -mediated fibrosis in glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs). Results showed that, BBR suppressed the expression of FN, ICAM-1, and TGF-β1 in high-glucose cultures of GMCs, and the phosphorylation level of c-Jun/c-Fos was downregulated. The high glucose lowered TGR5 expression in a time-dependent manner; this effect was reversed by BBR in a dose-dependent manner. The TGR5 agonist INT-777 decreased the high glucose-induced FN, ICAM-1, and TGF-β1 protein contents. I...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - June 8, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Yang Z, Li J, Xiong F, Huang J, Chen C, Liu P, Huang H Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research