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Source: Experimental Cell Research

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Total 221 results found since Jan 2013.

VEGFR-3 signaling is regulated by a G-protein activator, activator of G-protein signaling 8, in lymphatic endothelial cells.
Abstract Vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC) and its cognate receptor VEGFR-3 play a key role in lymphangiogenesis. We previously reported that an ischemia-inducible Gβγ signal regulator, activator of G-protein signaling 8 (AGS8), regulated the subcellular distribution of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) and influenced VEGFA-induced signaling in vascular endothelial cells. Here, we report that AGS8 regulates VEGFR-3, which is another subtype of the VEGF receptor family, and mediates VEGFC signaling in human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells (HDLECs). VEGFC stimulated the prolifer...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - April 9, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Sakima M, Hayashi H, Mamun AA, Sato M Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

NUSAP1 gene silencing inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion through inhibiting DNMT1 gene expression in human colorectal cancer.
Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cause of cancer-related death in both female and male patients, with a high capacity for tumour migration and invasion. Recently, aberrant nucleolar and spindle-associated protein 1 (NUSAP1) expression has been reported in several cancers. However, the biological function and molecular mechanism of NUSAP1 in CRC have not been reported. Here, we demonstrated that NUSAP1 gene expression was notably upregulated in CRC tissues and cell lines (Caco2, LS174T, SW480, and LoVo). Subsequently, SW480 and LoVo cells were transfected with NUSAP1 siRNA, respectively, a...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - March 30, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Han G, Wei Z, Cui H, Zhang W, Wei X, Lu Z, Bai X Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

MiR-155 targets PTCH1 to mediate endothelial progenitor cell dysfunction caused by high glucose.
Abstract Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are involved in diabetes-associated complications, including diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). Recent reports showed that miR-155 downregulation promotes wound healing in diabetic rats and ameliorates endothelial injury induced by high glucose, but its role in DFU is unknown. We found that miR-155 was overexpressed in EPCs from patients with DFU and in high glucose-induced EPCs from healthy people. Reductions in cell viability, migration, tube formation and nitric oxide production, as well as increases in lactated hydrogenase, cell apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species induce...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - March 12, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Gao J, Zhao G, Li W, Zhang J, Che Y, Song M, Gao S, Bin Zeng, Wang Y Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

β-catenin is important for the development of an insulin responsive pool of GLUT4 glucose transporters in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
Abstract GLUT4 is unique among specialized glucose transporters in being exclusively expressed in muscle and adipocytes. In the absence of insulin the distribution of GLUT4 is preferentially intracellular and insulin stimulation results in the movement of GLUT4 containing vesicles to the plasma membrane. This process is responsible for the insulin stimulation of glucose uptake in muscle and fat. While signaling pathways triggering the translocation of GLUT4 are well understood, the mechanisms regulating the intracellular retention of GLUT4 are less well understood. Here we report a role for β-catenin in this proc...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - March 11, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Dissanayake WC, Sorrenson B, Cognard E, Hughes WE, Shepherd PR Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Novel Proteins that Regulate Cell Extension Formation in Fibroblasts.
Abstract Cell extensions are critical structures that enable matrix remodeling in wound healing and cancer invasion but the regulation of their formation is not well-defined. We searched for new proteins that mediated cell extension formation over collagen by tandem mass tagged mass spectrometry analysis of purified extensions in 3T3 fibroblasts. Unexpectedly, importin-5, ENH isoform 1b (PDLIM5) and 26S protease regulatory subunit 6B (PSMC4) were more abundant (>10-fold) in membrane-penetrating cell extensions than cell bodies, which was confirmed by immunostaining and immunoblotting and also observed in human ...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - February 21, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Yuda A, Lee WS, Petrovic P, McCulloch CA Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Mechano-growth factor protects against mechanical overload induced damage and promotes migration of growth plate chondrocytes through RhoA/YAP pathway.
In conclusion, MGF is an autocrine growth factor which is regulated by mechanical stimuli. MGF could not only protect growth plate chondrocytes against damage by mechanical overload, but also promote migration through activation of RhoA/YAP signaling axis. Most importantly, our findings indicate that MGF promote cell migration through YAP mediated FA formation to determine the FA-cytoskeleton remodeling. PMID: 29470961 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Cell Research - February 19, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Jing X, Ye Y, Bao Y, Zhang J, Huang J, Wang R, Guo J, Guo F Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Leucyl-tRNA synthetase is required for the myogenic differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts, but not for hypertrophy or metabolic alteration of myotubes.
In this study, we determined the potential roles of Lars for the activation of mTOR signaling, skeletal muscle cell differentiation, hypertrophy, and metabolism using small interfering (si)-RNA knockdown. siRNA-mediated knockdown of Lars decreased phosphorylated p70 S6 kinase and inhibited the differentiation of C2C12 mouse myoblasts into myotubes, as evidenced by a decreased fusion index and decreased mRNA and protein expression levels of myogenic markers. Importantly, si-Lars decreased the level of Insulin-like growth factor 2 (Igf2) mRNA expression from the early stages of differentiation, indicating the possibility of ...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - February 6, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Sato Y, Sato Y, Suzuki R, Obeng K, Yoshizawa F Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

The 5T4 oncofetal glycoprotein does not act as a general organizer of the CXCL12 system in cancer cells.
Abstract The chemokine, CXCL12, promotes cancer growth and metastasis through interaction with either CXCR4 and/or CXCR7. This tumor-specific organization of the CXCL12 system obscures current therapeutic approaches, aiming at the selective inactivation of CXCL12 receptors. Since it has been previously suggested that the cellular use of CXCR4 or CXCR7 is dictated by the 5T4 oncofetal glycoprotein, we have now tested whether 5T4 would represent a general and reliable marker for the organization of the CXCL12 system in cancer cells. The CXCR4 antagonist, AMD3100, as well as the CXCR7 antagonist, CCX771, demonstrated...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - February 2, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Puchert M, Koch C, Engele J Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Silencing of Kangai 1 C-terminal interacting tetraspanin suppresses progression of cholangiocarcinoma.
Abstract Cholangiocarcinoma (CC) is the second most common primary hepatic malignancy. CC treatment options are very limited especially for patients with distant metastasis. Kangai 1 C-terminal interacting tetraspanin (KITENIN) is highly expressed in numerous cancers, but the role of KITENIN in CC remains unknown. Here, we have investigated for the first time the function of KITENIN in human CC cell lines (TFK-1, SZ-1), tissues and a CC mouse model (Alb-Cre/LSL-KRASG12D/p53L/L). KITENIN was expressed in 92,2% of human CC tissues, in murine CC samples and also in human CC cell lines. Knockdown of KITENIN by small i...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - January 20, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Bui KC, Barat S, Chen X, Bozko P, Scholta T, Thi Nguyen ML, Bhuria V, Xing J, Toan NL, Song LH, Velavan TP, Sipos B, Wilkens L, Malek NP, Plentz RR Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Overexpressed ACBD3 has prognostic value in human breast cancer and promotes the self-renewal potential of breast cancer cells by activating the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway.
Abstract Acyl-CoA binding domain containing 3 (ACBD3) is involved in the maintenance of Golgi structure and function through its interaction with the integral membrane protein. However, the clinical significance and biological role of ACBD3 in breast cancer remain unclear. Herein, we found that the mRNA and protein levels of ACBD3 were markedly up-regulated in breast cancer cells and tissues. Immunohistochemical analysis of breast cancer tissues demonstrated that ACBD3 overexpression was significantly associated with advanced clinicopathological features. Univariate and multivariate analysis indicated that ACBD3 o...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - January 4, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Huang Y, Yang L, Pei YY, Wang J, Wu H, Yuan J, Wang L Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Potential role of MG53 in the regulation of transforming-growth-factor- β1-induced atrial fibrosis and vulnerability to atrial fibrillation.
In conclusion, we demonstrated that MG53 was expressed in human atrium, and may be a potential upstream of the TGF-β1/Smad pathway in human atrium and rat atrial fibroblasts. This suggests that MG53 is a potential regulator of atrial fibrosis induced by the TGF-β1/Smad pathway in patients with AF. PMID: 29233682 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Cell Research - December 9, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Guo J, Jia F, Jiang Y, Li Q, Yang Y, Xiao M, Xiao H Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

hnRNP A1 promotes keratinocyte cell survival post UVB radiation through PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
In this study, silencing hnRNP A1 expression by siRNA transfection led to decreased cell survival after UVB treatment, while promoting hnRNP A1 by lentiviruse vector resulted in increased cell survival. hnRNP A1 remarkably enhanced PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway by increasing phosphorylation of Akt, mTOR and P70S6 protein. Inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling by LY294002 suppressed the expression of hnRNP A1. While mTOR signaling inhibitors, rapamycin and AZD8055, did not influence hnRNP A1 expression in HaCaT cells, suggesting that hnRNP A1 may be an upstream mediator of mTOR signaling. Furthermore, hnRNP A1 could alleviate ...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - December 8, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Feng J, Liao Y, Xu X, Yi Q, He L, Tang L Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Osteopontin promotes Collagen I Synthesis in Hepatic Stellate Cells by miRNA-129-5p Inhibition.
Abstract Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is an essential event in the initiation and progression of liver fibrosis. HSCs are believed to be the major source of collagen-producing myofibroblasts in fibrotic livers. A key feature in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis is fibrillar Collagen I (Col 1) deposition. Osteopontin (OPN), an extracellular matrix (ECM) cytokine expressed in HSCs, could drive fibrogenesis by modulating the HSC pro-fibrogenic phenotype and Col 1 expression. Here, we aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of OPN regulating the activation of HSCs. Our results showed that hepatic ...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - November 28, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Chen Y, Ou Y, Dong J, Yang G, Zeng Z, Liu Y, Liu B, Li W, He X, Lan T Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

A β1-42 induces cell damage via RAGE-dependent Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in bEnd.3 cells.
In conclusion, our data demonstrated that Aβ1-42 induced endothelial cells damage via activation of ERS in a RAGE-dependent manner. PMID: 29154819 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Cell Research - November 14, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Chen W, Chan Y, Wan W, Li Y, Zhang C Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

The crosstalk between Sirt1 and Keap1/Nrf2/ARE anti-oxidative pathway forms a positive feedback loop to inhibit FN and TGF- β1 expressions in rat glomerular mesangial cells.
In conclusion, the current study basically demonstrated that the crosstalk between Sirt1 and Keap1/Nrf2/ARE anti-oxidative pathway forms a positive feedback loop to inhibit the protein expressions of FN and TGF-β1 in AGEs-treated GMCs. PMID: 28986066 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Cell Research - October 3, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Huang K, Gao X, Wei W Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research