Asymmetric neurons are necessary for olfactory learning in the Drosophila brain
Curr Biol. 2024 Jan 30:S0960-9822(24)00037-X. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.037. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAnimals have complementary parallel memory systems that process signals from various sensory modalities. In the brain of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, mushroom body (MB) circuitry is the primary associative neuropil, critical for all stages of olfactory memory. Here, our findings suggest that active signaling from specific asymmetric body (AB) neurons is also crucial for this process. These AB neurons respond to odors and electric shock separately and exhibit timing-sensitive neuronal activity in response to...
Source: Current Biology - February 6, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: Mohammed Bin Abubaker Fu-Yu Hsu Kuan-Lin Feng Li-An Chu J Steven de Belle Ann-Shyn Chiang Source Type: research
Biofilm-Inhibitory Activity of Wild Mushroom Extracts against Pathogenic Bacteria
CONCLUSIONS: Being the first study of its kind to be conducted in Kenya, it added a novel concept to the body of knowledge already known about medical biotechnology research. It offers a fresh understanding of the various varieties of mushrooms found in Kenya, their potential biological function in the production of drugs, particularly those that combat drug resistance, and perhaps even a peek at their bioactive elements. Wild mushrooms, a hidden gem, might help to reopen the pipeline of new antibiotics that have been on the decline. However, further research is required to determine the potential mechanism(s) of action of...
Source: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine - February 6, 2024 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Gebreselema Gebreyohannes Desta Berhe Sbhatu Andrew Kimang'a Nyerere Abrha Gebreselema Gebrehiwot Source Type: research
Secretory production of the < em > Hericium erinaceus < /em > laccase from < em > Saccharomyces cerevisiae < /em >
This study isolated a novel laccase, named HeLac4c, from endophytic white-rot fungi Hericium erinaceus mushrooms. The cDNAs for this enzyme were 1569 bp in length and encoded a protein of 523 amino acids, including a 20 amino-acid signal peptide. Active extracellular production of glycosylated laccases from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was successfully achieved by selecting an optimal translational fusion partner. We observed that 5 and 10 mM Ca2+, Zn2+, and K+ increased laccase activity, whereas 5 mM Fe2+ and Al3+ inhibited laccase activity. The laccase activity was inhibited by the addition of low concentrations of sodium az...
Source: Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology - February 5, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Jin Kang Thuat Van La Mi-Jin Kim Jung-Hoon Bae Bong Hyun Sung Seonghun Kim Jung-Hoon Sohn Source Type: research
Mush-Room Structures –Loaded Coplanar Waveguide Spoof Surface Plasmon Polariton with Reduced Longitudinal Length
AbstractA new coplanar waveguide (CPW) spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) transmission line (TL) with mushroom structures is proposed. The analyses of the equivalent circuit reveal that the proposed SSPP requires shorter longitudinal length and also more compact size occupation than the conventional unloaded SSPP TL for achieving the same asymptotic frequency. Besides, the dispersion curve of the proposed SSPP can be controlled flexibly without changing the transversal geometric dimensions. To illustrate the design principle, a SSPP TL is designed, fabricated, and tested. It is validated that the utilization of mush-ro...
Source: Plasmonics - February 5, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research
Wild mushroom poisoning: A case study of amatoxin-containing mushrooms and implications for public health
Toxicon. 2024 Feb 3;240:107639. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107639. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWild mushroom poisoning is a global public health concern, with mushrooms containing amatoxins being the main cause of fatalities. Mushrooms from the genus Amanita and Galerina contain amatoxins. Here we present a case of wild mushroom poisoning that affected three individuals, resulting in two fatalities. Within 10-15 hours after consumption, they experienced symptoms of gastroenteritis such as vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. One individual sought medical attention promptly and recovered, while the other two sought me...
Source: Toxicon - February 4, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Zhifan He Xiaohui Li Min Feng Xixi Wang Yao Wang Jianxin Chen Source Type: research
Therapeutic potential of the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum against Alzheimer's disease
Biomed Pharmacother. 2024 Feb 3;172:116222. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116222. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a high-incidence neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by cognitive impairment, memory loss, and psychiatric abnormalities. Ganoderma lucidum is a famous medicinal fungus with a long history of dietary intake, containing various bioactive components, and have been documented to exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-aging, and immunomodulatory effects, among others. Recent studies have shown that G. lucidum and its components have promising therapeutic potential agai...
Source: Biomedicine and pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine and pharmacotherapie - February 4, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Xu-Jia Chen Zhou Deng Le-Le Zhang Yan Pan Jia Fu Liang Zou Zhaofang Bai Xiaohe Xiao Feiya Sheng Source Type: research
Effect of co-cultivation of white and brown rot species on basidiome production, lignocelluloytic enzyme activity and dye decolourisation
This study represents an initial exploration of the interaction between them within intensive cultivation conditions.PMID:38309669 | DOI:10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130397 (Source: Bioresource Technology)
Source: Bioresource Technology - February 3, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Mar ía Soledad Barbelli-Lopez Maria Patricia Peralta Laura Levin Bernardo Ernesto Lechner Source Type: research
Pholiotic acid promotes apoptosis in human metastatic melanoma cells
In conclusion, these findings, starting point for further investigation, implement available our data to support pholiotic acid as an attractive potential chemopreventive agent, and provide a basis for further research into the use of this polyamine derivative as potential anticancer agent for melanoma in combination with existing therapies to improve treatment efficacy and overcome the obstacle of drug resistance.PMID:38301881 | DOI:10.1016/j.cbi.2024.110894 (Source: Chemico-Biological Interactions)
Source: Chemico-Biological Interactions - February 1, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: R Avola A C E Graziano A Madrid M Clericuzio V Cardile A Russo Source Type: research
Identification of lethal species in amanita section Phalloideae based on nucleotide signature and specific TaqMan-MGB probe and primer
Amanita section Phalloideae consists of lethal toxic mushroom species, causing many fatal poisoning incidents worldwide. Molecular techniques of nucleotide signatures and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) detection could be used to develop a specific method for identifying lethal section (sect.) Phalloideae species. A comparison of 38 sequenced and 228 validated sequences from sect. Phalloideae species showed a 17-base pair nucleotide signature and an SNP site between the lethal and non-lethal species. A specific minor groove binder probe was designed based on them. The results indicated that this method exhibited excel...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - February 1, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Valorisation of sawdust-based spent mushroom substrate for sustainable xylooligosaccharides production using low-cost crude xylanases from Aspergillus flavus KUB2
. (Source: Mycology)
Source: Mycology - February 1, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: Surasak SupmeepromAnon ThammasittirongSukanya JeennorKathawut SopalunSutticha Na-Ranong Thammasittironga Department of Science and Bioinnovation, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailandb Microbial Biotechnology U Source Type: research
Whole-genome sequencing and evolutionary analysis of the wild edible mushroom, Morchella eohespera
In this study, we performed de novo sequencing and assembly of the M. eohespera strain m200 genome using the third-generation nanopore sequencing platform. The whole-genome size of M. eohespera was 53.81 Mb with a contig N50 of 1.93 Mb, and the GC content was 47.70%. A total of 9,189 protein-coding genes were annotated. Molecular dating showed that M. eohespera differentiated from its relative M. conica at ~19.03 Mya (million years ago) in Burdigalian. Evolutionary analysis showed that 657 gene families were contracted and 244 gene families expanded in M. eohespera versus the related morel species. The non-coding RNA p...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - February 1, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Evaluation of spontaneous exploratory and anxiety-related behaviors of mice treated with gymnopilins obtained from the mushroom Gymnopilus imperialis (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota)
Toxicon. 2024 Jan 28;240:107626. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107626. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTGymnopilins are long chain oligoisoprenoids produced through the condensation of isoprene units from MEV and MEP biosynthetic pathways. In Gymnopilus, these carotenoid-like molecules are recognized as major compounds in some species. In the present study, oligoisoprenoids derived from gymnopilins were dereplicated from Gymnopilus imperialis, a mushroom-forming basidiomycete, using liquid chromatographic coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (tandem LC-HRMS/MS) and GNPS. From the dichloromethane extract (Gym-DCM) of G...
Source: Toxicon - January 30, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Lha ís Araújo Caldas Beatriz Gangale Muratori Andressa Gabriela Soliani Suzete Maria Cerutti Patr ícia Sartorelli Source Type: research
Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 655: Research on the Interaction Mechanism and Structural Changes in Human Serum Albumin with Hispidin Using Spectroscopy and Molecular Docking
g-Hui Zhang
The interaction between human serum albumin (HSA) and hispidin, a polyketide abundantly present in both edible and therapeutic mushrooms, was explored through multispectral methods, hydrophobic probe assays, location competition trials, and molecular docking simulations. The results of fluorescence quenching analysis showed that hispidin quenched the fluorescence of HSA by binding to it via a static mechanism. The binding of hispidin and HSA was validated further by synchronous fluorescence, three-dimensional fluorescence, and UV/vis spectroscopy analysis. The apparent binding constant (Ka) at different tem...
Source: Molecules - January 30, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Si-Hua Fan Wen-Qiang Wang Yu-Wen Zhou Xue-Jun Gao Qiang Zhang Ming-Hui Zhang Tags: Article Source Type: research
