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Smelly flies, phony fossils, and more stories you might have missed this week
Did the asteroid that decimated the dinosaurs also give birds a boost? How do Andean highlanders thrive at altitudes that make most people dizzy? And why are epidemiologists so interested in mosquito poop? Check out the answers below in some of our favorite selections from Science ’s daily newsletter, Science Adviser . Female flies ditch sperm if they sniff out a better mate Female vinegar flies ( Drosophila melanogaster ) often have many potential suitors and will mate with multiple males in succession. Yet not all of their mates father offspring: Females ca...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - February 16, 2024 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of polysaccharides in mushrooms
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2024 Feb 14;86:103076. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103076. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMushrooms are distinguished as important food-containing polysaccharides possessing potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties. These compounds belong mostly to polysaccharides that are mostly β-D-glucans. Among them, β-1,3-glucan with β-1,6 side chains of glucose residues, has more important roles in their properties. In this review, we have introduced polysaccharides mainly from Lentinula edodes and Pleurotus citrinopileatus with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties. In addition, the...
Source: Current Opinion in Biotechnology - February 16, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Masashi Mizuno Ken-Ichiro Minato Source Type: research

Dietary supplementation with mushroom powder (Agaricus bisporus) on performance, carcass traits, meat quality, and bone biomechanical properties of quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
This study was performed to determine the effect of mushroom powder (MP) (Agaricus bisporus) supplementation on growing Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). A total of 300 unsexed 1-day-old Japanese quails with similar body weights (8.38 ± 0.2 g) were randomly assigned to five treatment groups with six replications. Additions of 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, or 1.00% of MP to the basal diet were used to develop the treatment groups. Quails were fed ad libitum for 42 days. At the end of the experiment, 12 quails from each experimental unit were euthanised to determine performance, carcass traits, meat quality, and bo...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - February 15, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Ethanolic extract from fruiting bodies of Cordyceps militaris HL8 exhibits cytotoxic activities against cancer cells, skin pathogenic yeasts, and postharvest pathogen Penicillium digitatum
In this study, we report a high cordycepin-producing monokaryotic C. militaris strain (HL8) collected in Vietnam. This strain could form normal fruiting bodies with high biological efficiency and contain a cordycepin content of 14.43 mg/g lyophilized fruiting body biomass. The ethanol extraction of the HL8 fruiting bodies resulted in a crude extract with a cordycepin content of 69.15 mg/g. Assays of cytotoxic activity on six human cancer cell lines showed that the extract inhibited the growth of all these cell lines with the IC50 values of 6.41-11.51 µg/mL. Notably, the extract significantly reduced cell proliferation and...
Source: Archives of Microbiology - February 13, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Tao Xuan Vu Tram Bao Tran Hong-Ha Vu Yen Thi Hoang Le Phu Hung Nguyen Thao Thi Do Thu-Huong Nguyen Van-Tuan Tran Source Type: research

Characterization and mechanism of simultaneous degradation of aflatoxin B1 and zearalenone by an edible fungus of Agrocybe cylindracea GC-Ac2
This study focused on the degradation of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and zearalenone (ZEN) by 8 types of edible fungi belonging to 6 species, inclulding Agaricus bisporus, Agrocybe cylindracea, Cyclocybe cylindracea, Cyclocybe aegerita, Hypsizygus marmoreus and Lentinula edodes. Among these fungi, Agrocybe cylindracea strain GC-Ac2 was shown to be the most efficient in the degradation of AFB1 and ZEN. Under optimal degradation conditions (pH 6.0 and 37.4°C for 37.9 h), the degradation rate of both AFB1 and ZEN reached over 96%. Through the analysis of functional detoxification components, it was found that the removal of AFB1 a...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - February 13, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Synthetic biology enables mushrooms to meet emerging sustainable challenges
With the increasing sustainability challenges, synthetic biology is offering new possibilities for addressing the emerging problems through the cultivation and fermentation of mushrooms. In this perspective, we aim to provide an overview on the research and applications mushroom synthetic biology, emphasizing the need for increased attention and inclusion of this rapidly advancing field in future mushroom technology over China and other countries. By leveraging synthetic biology, mushrooms are expected to play a more versatile role in various area, including traditional fields like circular economy, human wellness and phar...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - February 13, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Toxicological impact of strobilurin fungicides on human and environmental health: a literature review
J Environ Sci Health B. 2024 Feb 11:1-10. doi: 10.1080/03601234.2024.2312786. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTFungicides are specifically used for controlling fungal infections. Strobilurins, a class of fungicides originating from the mushroom Strobilurus tenacellus, act on the fungal mitochondrial respiratory chain, interrupting the ATP cycle and causing oxidative stress. Although strobilurins are little soluble in water, they have been detected in water samples (such as rainwater and drinking water), indoor dust, and sediments, and they can bioaccumulate in aquatic organisms. Strobilurins are usually absorbed orally and ar...
Source: Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part. B, Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes - February 12, 2024 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Fernanda Gomes Leite Carolina Ferreira Sampaio Jana ína Aparecida Cardoso Pires Danielle Palma de Oliveira Daniel Junqueira Dorta Source Type: research

Daily briefing: Want a glowing houseplant? Now you can buy one
Nature, Published online: 12 February 2024; doi:10.1038/d41586-024-00474-1Petunias that contain genes from bioluminescent mushrooms hit the US market. Plus, climatologist wins landmark defamation case and how air pollution turns moths off flowers. (Source: Nature AOP)
Source: Nature AOP - February 12, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Katrina Kr ämer Source Type: research

Glow way! Bioluminescent houseplant hits US market for first time
Nature, Published online: 09 February 2024; doi:10.1038/d41586-024-00383-3Engineered petunia emits a continuous green glow thanks to genes from a light-up mushroom. (Source: Nature AOP)
Source: Nature AOP - February 9, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Katherine Bourzac Source Type: research

Ganoderic acid A attenuated hepatic impairment by down-regulating the intracellular JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway in induced mushroom poisoning
CONCLUSION: Ganoderma lucidum is very effective in treating mushroom poisoning by α-amanita and is worth promoting.PMID:38322557 | PMC:PMC10839386 (Source: American Journal of Translational Research)
Source: American Journal of Translational Research - February 7, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Chenggen Xiao Guoqing Huang Xiaoxia Cao Xiangmin Li Source Type: research