Factors to improve odds of success following medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy: a machine learning analysis
This study aimed to identify informat... (Source: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders)
Source: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders - April 24, 2024 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Hong Yeol Yang, Yong Gwan Shin, Hyun Ho Shin, Ji Hoon Choi and Jong Keun Seon Tags: Research Source Type: research
Comparison of hypospadias phenotype pixel segmentation to GMS score.
Hypospadias phenotype assessment determines if the anatomy is favorable for reconstruction. Glans-Urethral Meatus-Shaft (GMS) has been adopted in an effort to standardize hypospadias classification. While extremely subjective, GMS has been widely used to classify the severity of the phenotype to predict surgical outcomes. The use of digital image analysis has proven to be feasible and prior efforts by our team have demonstrated that machine learning algorithms can emulate an expert ’s assessment of the phenotype. (Source: Journal of Pediatric Urology)
Source: Journal of Pediatric Urology - April 24, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Joshua Caldwell, Meghan Noonavath, Adam Maxwell, Viktoriya Sapkalova, Margarett Shnorhavorian, Nicolas Fernandez Source Type: research
Comparing machine learning and inverse modeling approaches for the source term estimation
AbstractMathematical models serve as crucial tools for quantitatively assessing the environmental and population impact resulting from the release of hazardous substances. Often, precise source parameters remain elusive, leading to a reliance on rudimentary assumptions. This challenge is particularly pronounced in scenarios involving releases that are accidental or deliberate acts of terrorism. A conventional method for estimating the source term involves the construction of backward plumes originating from various sensors measuring tracer concentrations. The area displaying the highest overlap of these backward plumes typ...
Source: Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health - April 24, 2024 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2710: Enhanced Lightweight YOLOX for Small Object Wildfire Detection in UAV Imagery
Weijun Pan
Target detection technology based on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-derived aerial imagery has been widely applied in the field of forest fire patrol and rescue. However, due to the specificity of UAV platforms, there are still significant issues to be resolved such as severe omission, low detection accuracy, and poor early warning effectiveness. In light of these issues, this paper proposes an improved YOLOX network for the rapid detection of forest fires in images captured by UAVs. Firstly, to enhance the network’s feature-extraction capability in complex fire environments, a multi-level-feat...
Source: Sensors - April 24, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Tian Luan Shixiong Zhou Guokang Zhang Zechun Song Jiahui Wu Weijun Pan Tags: Article Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2706: Estimation of Ground Reaction Forces during Sports Movements by Sensor Fusion from Inertial Measurement Units with 3D Forward Dynamics Model
In this study, rotational jump movements involving twists on land were measured using inertial measurement units (IMUs), and GRFs and body loads were estimated using a 3D forward dynamics model. Our forward dynamics and optimization calculation-based estimation method generated and optimized body movements using cost functions defined by motion measurements and internal body loads. To reduce the influence of dynamic acceleration in the optimization calculation, we estimated the 3D orientation using sensor fusion, comprising acceleration and angular velocity data from IMUs and an extended Kalman filter. As a result, by gene...
Source: Sensors - April 24, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Tatsuki Koshio Naoto Haraguchi Takayoshi Takahashi Yuse Hara Kazunori Hase Tags: Article Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2705: Temporal Relationship-Aware Treadmill Exercise Test Analysis Network for Coronary Artery Disease Diagnosis
Xingyu Gao
The treadmill exercise test (TET) serves as a non-invasive method for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). Despite its widespread use, TET reports are susceptible to external influences, heightening the risk of misdiagnosis and underdiagnosis. In this paper, we propose a novel automatic CAD diagnosis approach. The proposed approach introduces a customized preprocessing method to obtain clear electrocardiograms (ECGs) from individual TET reports. Additionally, it presents TETDiaNet, a novel neural network designed to explore the temporal relationships within TET ECGs. Central to TETDiaNet is the...
Source: Sensors - April 24, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Jianze Wei Bocheng Pan Yu Gan Xuedi Li Deping Liu Botao Sang Xingyu Gao Tags: Article Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2708: A Multiple Attention Convolutional Neural Networks for Diesel Engine Fault Diagnosis
Xiaoyang Bi
Fault diagnosis can improve the safety and reliability of diesel engines. An end-to-end method based on a multi-attention convolutional neural network (MACNN) is proposed for accurate and efficient diesel engine fault diagnosis. By optimizing the arrangement and kernel size of the channel and spatial attention modules, the feature extraction capability is improved, and an improved convolutional block attention module (ICBAM) is obtained. Vibration signal features are acquired using a feature extraction model alternating between the convolutional neural network (CNN) and ICBAM. The feature map is recombined ...
Source: Sensors - April 24, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Xiao Yang Fengrong Bi Jiangang Cheng Daijie Tang Pengfei Shen Xiaoyang Bi Tags: Article Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2702: Study on Gesture Recognition Method with Two-Stream Residual Network Fusing sEMG Signals and Acceleration Signals
angpan Li
Currently, surface EMG signals have a wide range of applications in human–computer interaction systems. However, selecting features for gesture recognition models based on traditional machine learning can be challenging and may not yield satisfactory results. Considering the strong nonlinear generalization ability of neural networks, this paper proposes a two-stream residual network model with an attention mechanism for gesture recognition. One branch processes surface EMG signals, while the other processes hand acceleration signals. Segmented networks are utilized to fully extract the physiolog...
Source: Sensors - April 24, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Zhigang Hu Shen Wang Cuisi Ou Aoru Ge Xiangpan Li Tags: Article Source Type: research
Can structure predict function at individual level in the human connectome?
AbstractSeveral studies predicting Functional Connectivity (FC) from Structural Connectivity (SC) at individual level have been published in recent years, each promising increased performance and utility. We investigated three of these studies, analyzing whether the results truly represent a meaningful individual-level mapping from SC to FC. Using data from the Human Connectome Project shared accross the three studies, we constructed a predictor by averaging FC of training data and analyzed its performance in the same way. In each case, we found that group average FC is an equivalent or better predictor of individual FC th...
Source: Anatomy and Embryology - April 24, 2024 Category: Anatomy Source Type: research
It is up to healthcare professionals to talk to us in a way that we can understand: informed consent processes in people with an intellectual disability
People with an intellectual disability form a sizeable minority group. Estimates of prevalence vary, depending on criteria used, but it is thought that intellectual disability affects around 1%–2% of the world population.1 2 Intellectual disability is present when the following three criteria are met: a significantly reduced ability to understand new or complex information, or to learn and apply new skills (impaired intelligence); a reduced ability to cope independently (impaired social functioning); and beginning before adulthood, with a lasting effect on development.3 4 Health inequities People with an intellectual...
Source: BMJ Quality and Safety - April 24, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Ding, J., Keagan-Bull, R., Tuffrey-Wijne, I. Tags: Editorials Source Type: research
Routine versus prompted clinical debriefing: aligning aims, mechanisms and implementation
The great art of learning is to understand but little at a time. —John Locke Clinical debriefing (CD) is rapidly gaining traction as a valuable activity. CD is usually conducted as a guided exploration and reflection of clinical events in an attempt to bridge the gap between experience and understanding, with the ultimate aim of influencing future practice.1 CD has the potential to improve outcomes for staff, teams, patients and systems.2 3 The evidence for CD exists and continues to grow; benefits range from changes in staff attitudes4 to favourable outcomes following cardiac arrest.5 Despite this, some clinicians h...
Source: BMJ Quality and Safety - April 24, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Phillips, E. C., Tallentire, V. Tags: Editorials Source Type: research
Evaluation of ChatGPT and Gemini large language models for pharmacometrics with NONMEM
AbstractTo assess ChatGPT 4.0 (ChatGPT) and Gemini Ultra 1.0 (Gemini) large language models on NONMEM coding tasks relevant to pharmacometrics and clinical pharmacology. ChatGPT and Gemini were assessed on tasks mimicking real-world applications of NONMEM. The tasks ranged from providing a curriculum for learning NONMEM, an overview of NONMEM code structure to generating code. Prompts in lay language to elicit NONMEM code for a linear pharmacokinetic (PK) model with oral administration and a more complex model with two parallel first-order absorption mechanisms were investigated. Reproducibility and the impact of “temper...
Source: Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics - April 24, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2684: A Degraded Finger Vein Image Recovery and Enhancement Algorithm Based on Atmospheric Scattering Theory
Ye Zhang
With the development of biometric identification technology, finger vein identification has received more and more widespread attention for its security, efficiency, and stability. However, because of the performance of the current standard finger vein image acquisition device and the complex internal organization of the finger, the acquired images are often heavily degraded and have lost their texture characteristics. This makes the topology of the finger veins inconspicuous or even difficult to distinguish, greatly affecting the identification accuracy. Therefore, this paper proposes a finger vein image r...
Source: Sensors - April 24, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Dingzhong Feng Peng Feng Yongbo Mao Yang Zhou Yuqing Zeng Ye Zhang Tags: Article Source Type: research
On synergy between ultrahigh throughput screening and machine learning in biocatalyst engineering
This article is licensed under aCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported Licence.Maximilian Gantz, Simon Valentin Mathis, Friederike Nintzel, Pietro Lio, Florian Hollfelder Protein design and directed evolution have separately contributed enormously to protein engineering. Without being mutually exclusive, the former relies on computation from first principles, while the latter is a combinatorial... The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry (Source: RSC - Faraday Discuss. latest articles)
Source: RSC - Faraday Discuss. latest articles - April 23, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Maximilian Gantz Source Type: research
Peer-Supported Problem-Solving May Help Older Rural Adults With Depression
Older adults who completed 12 weeks of self-guided problem-solving therapy (PST) supported by trained peer volunteers had significant and lasting improvements in their depression scores, according to areport inPsychiatric Services in Advance. PST is a psychotherapy that teaches people to generate realistic solutions to life problems that contribute to depression.“PST with a clinician should be considered a preferred treatment option when resources are available,” wrote Brooke Hollister, Ph.D., at the University of California, San Francisco, and colleagues. However, self-guided-PST supported by trained peer counselors ...
Source: Psychiatr News - April 23, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Tags: depression older adults peer support problem solving therapy Psychiatric Services psychotherapy rural self-guided learning Source Type: research
