Machine Learning in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Lung Cancer by PET-CT
(Source: Cancer Management and Research)
Source: Cancer Management and Research - April 24, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Cancer Management and Research Source Type: research
Sea creatures began to glow half a billion years ago
When a shaggy bamboo coral (
Isidella tentaculum
) gets jostled by the arm of a remotely operated submersible, its limbs begin to sparkle with bluish light. The gleam penetrates the blackness of the deep sea, where many octocorals—an ancient, diverse group of marine invertebrates that includes quill-shaped sea pens, bamboo corals, and other soft corals and waving sea fans—form lush underwater gardens.
Some
three-quarters of all undersea animals can generate their own light
, but the origin of this ability has been shrouded in mystery. Now, research reported today in the
Proceedings...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - April 24, 2024 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Evaluation of ChatGPT and Gemini large language models for pharmacometrics with NONMEM
AbstractTo assess ChatGPT 4.0 (ChatGPT) and Gemini Ultra 1.0 (Gemini) large language models on NONMEM coding tasks relevant to pharmacometrics and clinical pharmacology. ChatGPT and Gemini were assessed on tasks mimicking real-world applications of NONMEM. The tasks ranged from providing a curriculum for learning NONMEM, an overview of NONMEM code structure to generating code. Prompts in lay language to elicit NONMEM code for a linear pharmacokinetic (PK) model with oral administration and a more complex model with two parallel first-order absorption mechanisms were investigated. Reproducibility and the impact of “temper...
Source: Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics - April 24, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2684: A Degraded Finger Vein Image Recovery and Enhancement Algorithm Based on Atmospheric Scattering Theory
Ye Zhang
With the development of biometric identification technology, finger vein identification has received more and more widespread attention for its security, efficiency, and stability. However, because of the performance of the current standard finger vein image acquisition device and the complex internal organization of the finger, the acquired images are often heavily degraded and have lost their texture characteristics. This makes the topology of the finger veins inconspicuous or even difficult to distinguish, greatly affecting the identification accuracy. Therefore, this paper proposes a finger vein image r...
Source: Sensors - April 24, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Dingzhong Feng Peng Feng Yongbo Mao Yang Zhou Yuqing Zeng Ye Zhang Tags: Article Source Type: research
On synergy between ultrahigh throughput screening and machine learning in biocatalyst engineering
This article is licensed under aCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported Licence.Maximilian Gantz, Simon Valentin Mathis, Friederike Nintzel, Pietro Lio, Florian Hollfelder Protein design and directed evolution have separately contributed enormously to protein engineering. Without being mutually exclusive, the former relies on computation from first principles, while the latter is a combinatorial... The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry (Source: RSC - Faraday Discuss. latest articles)
Source: RSC - Faraday Discuss. latest articles - April 23, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Maximilian Gantz Source Type: research
Peer-Supported Problem-Solving May Help Older Rural Adults With Depression
Older adults who completed 12 weeks of self-guided problem-solving therapy (PST) supported by trained peer volunteers had significant and lasting improvements in their depression scores, according to areport inPsychiatric Services in Advance. PST is a psychotherapy that teaches people to generate realistic solutions to life problems that contribute to depression.“PST with a clinician should be considered a preferred treatment option when resources are available,” wrote Brooke Hollister, Ph.D., at the University of California, San Francisco, and colleagues. However, self-guided-PST supported by trained peer counselors ...
Source: Psychiatr News - April 23, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Tags: depression older adults peer support problem solving therapy Psychiatric Services psychotherapy rural self-guided learning Source Type: research
TNFRSF6 induces mitochondrial dysfunction and microglia activation in the in vivo and in vitro models of sepsis-associated encephalopathy
This study aimed to explore TNFRSF6 function in SAE. The SAE mouse model was established by intraperitoneal injection of LPS in TNFRSF6-/- mice and C57BL/6J mice. Microglia were treated with LPS to establish the cell model. The learning, memory and cognitive functions in mice were tested by behavioral tests. Nissl staining was utilized for determining neuronal injury. Microglial activation was tested by immunofluorescence assay. ELISA was utilized for determining TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 contents. Mitochondrial dysfunction was measured by mitochondrial oxygen consumption, ATP content, ROS production, and JC-1 assay....
Source: Cellular and Molecular Biology - April 23, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Danfeng Yu Yanmei Ji Jing Zhang Xiaochuan Huang Source Type: research
Tool or Tyrant: Guiding and Guarding Generative Artificial Intelligence Use in Nursing Education
This article presents a narrative exploring the implementation of generative AI in nursing education and offers a guide for its strategic use. The exploration begins with an examination of the broader societal impact and uses of artificial intelligence, recognizing its pervasive presence and the potential it holds. Thematic analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats collected from nurse educators across the southeastern United States in this case-based descriptive study used four codes: time, innovation, critical thinking, and routine tasks. Findings from the qualitative analysis revealed the overarching...
Source: Creative Nursing - April 23, 2024 Category: Nursing Authors: Susan Hayes Lane Tammy Haley Dana E Brackney Source Type: research
Dynamic skin behaviors in cephalopods
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2024 Apr 22;86:102876. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2024.102876. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe coleoid cephalopods (cuttlefish, octopus, and squid) are a group of soft-bodied mollusks that exhibit a wealth of complex behaviors, including dynamic camouflage, object mimicry, skin-based visual communication, and dynamic body patterns during sleep. Many of these behaviors are visually driven and engage the animals' color changing skin, a pixelated display that is directly controlled by neurons projecting from the brain. Thus, cephalopod skin provides a direct readout of neural activity in the brain. During camo...
Source: Current Opinion in Neurobiology - April 23, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Erica N Shook George Thomas Barlow Daniella Garcia-Rosales Connor J Gibbons Tessa G Montague Source Type: research
Mapping semantic space: Exploring the higher-order structure of word meaning
Cognition. 2024 Apr 22;248:105794. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105794. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMultiple representation theories posit that concepts are represented via a combination of properties derived from sensorimotor, affective, and linguistic experiences. Recently, it has been proposed that information derived from social experience, or socialness, represents another key aspect of conceptual representation. How these various dimensions interact to form a coherent conceptual space has yet to be fully explored. To address this, we capitalized on openly available word property norms for 6339 words and conducted ...
Source: Cognition - April 23, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Veronica Diveica Emiko J Muraki Richard J Binney Penny M Pexman Source Type: research
How do we leverage data through replication and warehousing to meet blood collection and transfusion service needs
DISCUSSION: Data replication and warehousing can empower BCTS analytic offerings not otherwise natively available through one's CIS to improve patient care and laboratory operations.PMID:38650378 | DOI:10.1111/trf.17845 (Source: Transfusion)
Source: Transfusion - April 23, 2024 Category: Hematology Authors: Justin E Juskewitch Lynne Briggs Jenna Khan Patrick C Mathias Terri S Coyle Vicki L Courson James T Hansen Nageswar Madde Mandy F O'Leary Hamilton C Tsang AABB Information Systems Committee Source Type: research
A machine learning approach to predict mortality due to immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
CONCLUSION: The USTMA Mortality Index was acceptable for predicting mortality due to acute iTTP in the USTMA registry, but not sensitive enough to rule out death. Identifying patients at high risk of iTTP-related mortality may help individualize care and ultimately improve iTTP survival outcomes. Further studies are needed to provide external validation. Our model is one of many recent examples where machine learning models may show promise in clinical prediction tools in healthcare.PMID:38651093 | PMC:PMC11033197 | DOI:10.1016/j.rpth.2024.102388 (Source: Thrombosis and Haemostasis)
Source: Thrombosis and Haemostasis - April 23, 2024 Category: Hematology Authors: Mouhamed Yazan Abou-Ismail Chong Zhang Angela P Presson Shruti Chaturvedi Ana G Antun Andrew M Farland Ryan Woods Ara Metjian Yara A Park Gustaaf de Ridder Briana Gibson Raj S Kasthuri Darla K Liles Frank Akwaa Todd Clover Lisa Baumann Kreuziger Meera Sri Source Type: research
BiliQML: A supervised machine-learning model to quantify biliary forms from digitized whole-slide liver histopathological images
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2024 Apr 23. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00058.2024. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe progress of research focused on cholangiocytes and the biliary tree during development and following injury is hindered by limited available quantitative methodologies. Current techniques include two-dimensional standard histological cell-counting approaches, which are rapidly performed error-prone and lack architectural context; or three-dimensional analysis of the biliary tree in opacified livers, which introduce technical issues along with minimal quantitation. The present study aims to fill these quant...
Source: Am J Physiol Gastroi... - April 23, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Dominick J Hellen Meredith E Fay David H Lee Caroline Klindt-Morgan Ashley Bennett Kimberly J Pachura Arash Grakoui Stacey S Huppert Paul A Dawson Wilbur A Lam Saul J Karpen Source Type: research
Occupational therapy students' experiences and perceptions of journal club participation
CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE: Journal clubs were described as having the potential for increasing students' learning regarding research methods, promoting skills in reading and critically reviewing research articles and having relevance for professional practice. Some barriers were identified, and changes are suggested for future educational practice.PMID:38652886 | DOI:10.1080/11038128.2024.2328712 (Source: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy)
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy - April 23, 2024 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Kjersti Velde Helg øy Tore Bonsaksen Gry M ørk Source Type: research
In vivo assessment of bladder cancer with diffuse reflectance and fluorescence spectroscopy: A comparative study
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that multimodal spectroscopic approach allows increasing sensitivity and specificity of bladder cancer detection in vivo. The developed approach does not require special probes and can be used with single-core optical fibers applied for laser surgery.PMID:38650443 | DOI:10.1002/lsm.23788 (Source: Cancer Control)
Source: Cancer Control - April 23, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Nadezhda V Zlobina Gleb S Budylin Polina S Tseregorodtseva Viktoria A Andreeva Nikolay I Sorokin David M Kamalov Andrey A Strigunov Artashes G Armaganov Armais A Kamalov Evgeny A Shirshin Source Type: research
