The role of the peripheral and central adrenergic system in the construction of the subjective emotional experience of panic
ConclusionsThese results indicate that information from the peripheral and central adrenergic system does not play a major role in the construction of the subjective emotion. (Source: Psychopharmacology)
Source: Psychopharmacology - March 1, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
An economon model of drug addiction
AbstractThe term “economon” (i:’ka.nə.muhn; plural: economa) is introduced here to describe an economic unit composed of two participants engaged in mutually reinforcing operant behavior. Economa are basic building blocks of transactional behavior that aggregate in social networks called economies. In a drug- addiction economon, operant behavior by one participant (the “supplier”) provides an addictive drug as a reinforcer to the second participant (a “Person with Substance Use Disorder; PwSUD”). Reciprocal operant behavior by the PwSUD usually provides money as a reinforcer to the supplier. Afte r defining ...
Source: Psychopharmacology - March 1, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
The relevance between abnormally elevated serum ceramide and cognitive impairment in Alzheimer ’s disease model mice and its mechanism
ConclusionsCeramide was positively related to the increased p-tau and impaired cognitive function. The increased generation of ceramide and endoplasmic reticulum stress in the hypothalamus was positively related to fatty acid synthesis and NF- κB signaling via brain–liver axis. (Source: Psychopharmacology)
Source: Psychopharmacology - March 1, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Neurexin1 α knockout in rats causes aberrant social behaviour: relevance for autism and schizophrenia
ConclusionDeletion of the neurexin1 α gene in rats causes exaggerated social play, which is not modified by social play deprivation. This phenotype therefore resembles disinhibited behaviour rather than the social withdrawal seen in ASD and SCZ. The neurexin1α knockout rat could be a model for inappropriate or disinhibited social be haviour seen in childhood mental disorders. (Source: Psychopharmacology)
Source: Psychopharmacology - February 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
The acute effects of cannabis, with and without cannabidiol, on attentional bias to cannabis related cues: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study
ConclusionsAcute THC intoxication eliminated attentional bias away from cannabis cues. There was no evidence of differential response in adolescents compared to adults and no evidence that a moderate vaporised dose of CBD altered the impact of cannabis on attentional bias.Trial registrationThis study was listed with the US National Library of Medicine and registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, URL:Do Adolescents and Adults Differ in Their Acute Response to Cannabis? —Full Text View—ClinicalTrials.gov, registration number: NCT04851392. (Source: Psychopharmacology)
Source: Psychopharmacology - February 28, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Repeated Δ-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol administration dose dependently increases stablished schedule-induced drinking
ConclusionsThe present results show that repeated THC administration may (i) increase induced licking at moderate doses, (ii) reduce magazine entries, and (iii) affect the temporal pattern of SID. These findings suggest that THC does not appear to be beneficial to reduce compulsive behaviour in this animal model, while another collateral effect of THC —such as a greater habitual-like behaviour— needs to be considered. (Source: Psychopharmacology)
Source: Psychopharmacology - February 28, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
The acute effects of cannabis, with and without cannabidiol, on attentional bias to cannabis related cues: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study
ConclusionsAcute THC intoxication eliminated attentional bias away from cannabis cues. There was no evidence of differential response in adolescents compared to adults and no evidence that a moderate vaporised dose of CBD altered the impact of cannabis on attentional bias.Trial registrationThis study was listed with the US National Library of Medicine and registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, URL:Do Adolescents and Adults Differ in Their Acute Response to Cannabis? —Full Text View—ClinicalTrials.gov, registration number: NCT04851392. (Source: Psychopharmacology)
Source: Psychopharmacology - February 28, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Repeated Δ-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol administration dose dependently increases stablished schedule-induced drinking
ConclusionsThe present results show that repeated THC administration may (i) increase induced licking at moderate doses, (ii) reduce magazine entries, and (iii) affect the temporal pattern of SID. These findings suggest that THC does not appear to be beneficial to reduce compulsive behaviour in this animal model, while another collateral effect of THC —such as a greater habitual-like behaviour— needs to be considered. (Source: Psychopharmacology)
Source: Psychopharmacology - February 28, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Calcitriol attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation and depressive-like behaviors by suppressing the P2X7R/NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway
ConclusionsCollectively, our findings demonstrated that calcitriol exerts antidepressive and neuroprotective effects through the suppression of the P2X7R/NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway both in LPS-induced inflammation models in vitro and in vivo. (Source: Psychopharmacology)
Source: Psychopharmacology - February 27, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Associations between hair-derived cannabinoid levels, self-reported use, and cannabis-related problems
ConclusionsThe use of hair-derived cannabinoid quantification is supported for detecting cannabis use in near-daily users, but the lack of associations between hair-derived cannabinoid concentrations and self-report measures of use does not support the use of hair analyses alone for quantification of cannabinoid exposure. Further research comparing hair-derived cannabinoid concentrations with other biological matrices (e.g. plasma) and self-report is necessary to further evaluate the validity of hair analyses for this purpose. (Source: Psychopharmacology)
Source: Psychopharmacology - February 26, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Effects of estrogen on spatial navigation and memory
ConclusionEstrogen-driven differences in spatial cognition might be better characterized on a spectrum of navigation flexibility rather than by categorical performance measures or skills. (Source: Psychopharmacology)
Source: Psychopharmacology - February 26, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Gut microbiota connects the brain and the heart: potential mechanisms and clinical implications
AbstractNowadays, high morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and high comorbidity rate of neuropsychiatric disorders contribute to global burden of health and economics. Consequently, a discipline concerning abnormal connections between the brain and the heart and the resulting disease states, known as psychocardiology, has garnered interest among researchers. However, identifying a common pathway that physicians can modulate remains a challenge. Gut microbiota, a constituent part of the human intestinal ecosystem, is likely involved in mutual mechanism CVDs and neuropsychiatric disorder share, which co...
Source: Psychopharmacology - February 26, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
