Mice with an autism-associated R451C mutation in neuroligin-3 show intact attention orienting but atypical responses to methylphenidate and atomoxetine in the mouse-Posner task
ConclusionsNL3R451C mice demonstrated intact attention orienting but altered responses to the pharmacological manipulation of the dopaminergic and noradrenergic networks. These findings expand our understanding of the NL3R451C mutation by suggesting that this mutation may lead to selective alterations in attentional processes. (Source: Psychopharmacology)
Source: Psychopharmacology - January 3, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Insight into differing decision-making strategies that underlie cognitively effort-based decision making using computational modeling in rats
ConclusionsModeling revealed the decision-making processes that are associated with cognitive effort costs, and how these differ across individuals. Reanalysis of drug data provided insight into the mechanisms through which different neurotransmitter systems impact cognitively effortful attention and decision-making processes, with relevance to multiple psychiatric disorders. (Source: Psychopharmacology)
Source: Psychopharmacology - January 3, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Mice with an autism-associated R451C mutation in neuroligin-3 show intact attention orienting but atypical responses to methylphenidate and atomoxetine in the mouse-Posner task
ConclusionsNL3R451C mice demonstrated intact attention orienting but altered responses to the pharmacological manipulation of the dopaminergic and noradrenergic networks. These findings expand our understanding of the NL3R451C mutation by suggesting that this mutation may lead to selective alterations in attentional processes. (Source: Psychopharmacology)
Source: Psychopharmacology - January 3, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Trait sensitivity to positive feedback is a predisposing factor for several aspects of compulsive alcohol drinking in male rats: behavioural, physiological, and molecular correlates
ConclusionTrait sensitivity to PF can determine the trajectory of alcohol addiction in rats. This effect is, at least partially, mediated via distributed physiological and molecular changes within cortical and subcortical regions of the brain. (Source: Psychopharmacology)
Source: Psychopharmacology - January 1, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
The effects of virtual reality environmental enrichments on craving to food in healthy volunteers
ConclusionsThe study highlighted the feasibility of exposing human subjects to an EE as a virtual simulation. Virtual EE induced effects on basal craving for food that suggest the potential for further improvements of the protocol to extend its efficacy to palatable food cues. (Source: Psychopharmacology)
Source: Psychopharmacology - January 1, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Neural underpinnings of response inhibition in substance use disorders: weak meta-analytic evidence for a widely used construct
ConclusionWe discuss that the role of task-based response inhibition may require some refinement as an overarching marker for SUD pathology. Finally, we give a few prospects for future research that should be further explored in this context. (Source: Psychopharmacology)
Source: Psychopharmacology - January 1, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
The imidazoline I2 receptor agonist 2-BFI reduces abuse-related effects of morphine: self-administration and drug discrimination
ConclusionsThese results suggest that I2 receptor agonists do not enhance, but in fact appear to decrease, the abuse liability of opioids, further supporting the potential utility of I2 receptor agonist-opioid combination therapy for pain control. (Source: Psychopharmacology)
Source: Psychopharmacology - December 30, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
The effect of psychoactive bacteria, Bifidobacterium longum Rosell ®-175 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus JB-1, on brain proteome profiles in mice
ConclusionThe psychobioticsBifidobacterium longum Rosell ®-175 andLactobacillus rhamnosus JB-1enhances expression of proteins involved in the activation and maturation of nerve cells, as well as myelination and homeostatic regulation of neurogenesis in mice. The tested psychobiotics cause a decrease in the expression of proteins associated with CNS development and in synaptic transmission, thereby reducing the capacity for communication between nerve cells. The results of the study indicate that psychobiotic bacteria can be used in auxiliary treatment of neurological disorders. (Source: Psychopharmacology)
Source: Psychopharmacology - December 29, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
The ad-libitum taste test as measure of momentary alcohol use in the laboratory: an investigation of construct validity and confounding factors
ConclusionsThe ad-libitum taste test appears to be a valid measure of the motivation to drink alcohol in laboratory studies in young male adults, although this validity might be compromised at high levels of ad-libitum consumption. Consideration of these factors can contribute to further refining the ad-libitum taste test as a valuable tool for assessing motivation to consume alcohol in laboratory studies. (Source: Psychopharmacology)
Source: Psychopharmacology - December 23, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Lack of effect of methamphetamine on reward-related brain activity in healthy adults
ConclusionsThese findings suggest that the effects of MA on EEG signals of reward processing are subtle, and not related to the drug ’s effects on subjective feelings of well-being. The findings contribute to our understanding of the neural effects of MA during behaviors related to reward. (Source: Psychopharmacology)
Source: Psychopharmacology - December 23, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
The ad-libitum taste test as measure of momentary alcohol use in the laboratory: an investigation of construct validity and confounding factors
ConclusionsThe ad-libitum taste test appears to be a valid measure of the motivation to drink alcohol in laboratory studies in young male adults, although this validity might be compromised at high levels of ad-libitum consumption. Consideration of these factors can contribute to further refining the ad-libitum taste test as a valuable tool for assessing motivation to consume alcohol in laboratory studies. (Source: Psychopharmacology)
Source: Psychopharmacology - December 23, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Lack of effect of methamphetamine on reward-related brain activity in healthy adults
ConclusionsThese findings suggest that the effects of MA on EEG signals of reward processing are subtle, and not related to the drug ’s effects on subjective feelings of well-being. The findings contribute to our understanding of the neural effects of MA during behaviors related to reward. (Source: Psychopharmacology)
Source: Psychopharmacology - December 23, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Allosteric inhibition of phosphodiesterase 4D induces biphasic memory-enhancing effects associated with learning-activated signaling pathways
ConclusionsOur findings suggest that learning-stimulated conditions can alter the effects of a PDE4D NAM on hippocampal cAMP levels and imply that a PDE4D NAM exerts biphasic memory-enhancing effects associated with synaptic plasticity-related signaling activation. (Source: Psychopharmacology)
Source: Psychopharmacology - December 19, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
