Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Indirect influence in social networks as an induced percolation phenomenon [Applied Mathematics]
Percolation theory has been widely used to study phase transitions in network systems. It has also successfully explained various macroscopic spreading phenomena across different fields. Yet, the theoretical frameworks have been focusing on direct interactions among nodes, while recent empirical observations have shown that indirect interactions are common in many... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - February 25, 2022 Category: Science Authors: Jiarong Xie, Xiangrong Wang, Ling Feng, Jin-Hua Zhao, Wenyuan Liu, Yamir Moreno, Yanqing Hu Tags: Applied Mathematics Physical Sciences Source Type: research

A multiomic study uncovers a bZIP23-PER1A-mediated detoxification pathway to enhance seed vigor in rice [Agricultural Sciences]
Seed vigor in crops is important in terms of improving grain quality and germplasm conservation; however, little is known about its regulatory mechanisms through the encoded proteome and gene network. Comparative analyses of transcriptome (RNA sequencing [RNA-seq]) and broadly targeted metabolic profiling of two subspecific rice cultivars with distinct seed... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - February 25, 2022 Category: Science Authors: Wei-Qing Wang, Ding-Yi Xu, Ya-Ping Sui, Xiao-Hui Ding, Xian-Jun Song Tags: Agricultural Sciences Biological Sciences Source Type: research

Specialized interferon action in COVID-19 [Immunology and Inflammation]
We report here a multiomics investigation of systemic IFN signaling in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, defining the multiomics biosignatures associated with varying levels of 12 different type I, II, and III IFNs.... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - February 25, 2022 Category: Science Authors: Matthew D. Galbraith, Kohl T. Kinning, Kelly D. Sullivan, Paula Araya, Keith P. Smith, Ross E. Granrath, Jessica R. Shaw, Ryan Baxter, Kimberly R. Jordan, Seth Russell, Monika Dzieciatkowska, Julie A. Reisz, Fabia Gamboni, Francesca Cendali, Tusharkanti G Tags: Immunology and Inflammation, Coronavirus (COVID-19) Biological Sciences Source Type: research

A cautious note on the relationship between social mindfulness and concern with environmental protection [Social Sciences]
In a comprehensive study, Van Doesum et al. (1) show that social mindfulness (SoMi), that is, “being thoughtful of others in the present moment, and considering their needs and wishes before making a decision,” is related, at the country level, to the environmental performance index (EPI), a country’s performance on... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - February 24, 2022 Category: Science Authors: Yngwie Asbȷorn Nielsen, Karolina A. Ścigała, Laila Nockur, Tina A. G. Venema, Stefan Pfattheicher Tags: Letters, Psychological and Cognitive Sciences Source Type: research

Switchable assembly and function of antibody complexes in vivo using a small molecule [Biochemistry]
The antigen specificity and long serum half-life of monoclonal antibodies have made them a critical part of modern therapeutics. These properties have been coopted in a number of synthetic formats, such as antibody–drug conjugates, bispecific antibodies, or Fc-fusion proteins to generate novel biologic drug modalities. Historically, these new therapies have... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - February 24, 2022 Category: Science Authors: Alexander J. Martinko, Erin F. Simonds, Suchitra Prasad, Alberto Ponce, Colton J. Bracken, Junnian Wei, Yung-Hua Wang, Tiffany-Lynn Chow, Zhong Huang, Michael J. Evans, James A. Wells, Zachary B. Hill Tags: Biochemistry Biological Sciences Source Type: research

HTLV-1 activates YAP via NF-{kappa}B/p65 to promote oncogenesis [Microbiology]
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is an aggressive malignancy caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection. HTLV-1 exerts its oncogenic functions by interacting with signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation and transformation. Dysregulation of the Hippo/YAP pathway is associated with multiple cancers, including virus-induced malignancies. In the present... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - February 24, 2022 Category: Science Authors: Tiejun Zhao, Zhilong Wang, Jinyong Fang, Wenzhao Cheng, Yiling Zhang, Jinhua Huang, Lingling Xu, Hongwei Gou, Linghui Zeng, Zhigang Jin, Masao Matsuoka Tags: Microbiology Biological Sciences Source Type: research

An immune-sympathetic neuron communication axis guides adipose tissue browning in cancer-associated cachexia [Physiology]
Cancer-associated cachexia (CAC) is a hypermetabolic syndrome characterized by unintended weight loss due to the atrophy of adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. A phenotypic switch from white to beige adipocytes, a phenomenon called browning, accelerates CAC by increasing the dissipation of energy as heat. Addressing the mechanisms of white adipose... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - February 24, 2022 Category: Science Authors: Hao Xie, Christoph Heier, Xia Meng, Latifa Bakiri, Isabella Pototschnig, Zhiyuan Tang, Silvia Schauer, Vanessa J. Baumgartner, Gernot F. Grabner, Gernot Schabbauer, Heimo Wolinski, Graham R. Robertson, Gerald Hoefler, Wenwen Zeng, Erwin F. Wagner, Martina Tags: Physiology Biological Sciences Source Type: research

Molecular basis of multistep voltage activation in plant two-pore channel 1 [Biophysics and Computational Biology]
Voltage-gated ion channels confer excitability to biological membranes, initiating and propagating electrical signals across large distances on short timescales. Membrane excitation requires channels that respond to changes in electric field and couple the transmembrane voltage to gating of a central pore. To address the mechanism of this process in a... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - February 24, 2022 Category: Science Authors: Miles Sasha Dickinson, Jinping Lu, Meghna Gupta, Irene Marten, Rainer Hedrich, Robert M. Stroud Tags: Plant Biology Biological Sciences Source Type: research

5-methylcytosine modification by Plasmodium NSUN2 stabilizes mRNA and mediates the development of gametocytes [Microbiology]
5-methylcytosine (m5C) is an important epitranscriptomic modification involved in messenger RNA (mRNA) stability and translation efficiency in various biological processes. However, it remains unclear if m5C modification contributes to the dynamic regulation of the transcriptome during the developmental cycles of Plasmodium parasites. Here, we characterize the landscape of m5C mRNA... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - February 24, 2022 Category: Science Authors: Meng Liu, Gangqiang Guo, Pengge Qian, Jianbing Mu, Binbin Lu, Xiaoqin He, Yanting Fan, Xiaomin Shang, Guang Yang, Shijun Shen, Wenju Liu, Liping Wang, Liang Gu, Quankai Mu, Xinyu Yu, Yuemeng Zhao, Richard Culleton, Jun Cao, Lubin Jiang, Thomas E. Wellems, Tags: Microbiology Biological Sciences Source Type: research

Mitochondrial COA7 is a heme-binding protein with disulfide reductase activity, which acts in the early stages of complex IV assembly [Biochemistry]
Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) assembly factor 7 (COA7) is a metazoan-specific assembly factor, critical for the biogenesis of mitochondrial complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase). Although mutations in COA7 have been linked to complex IV assembly defects and neurological conditions such as peripheral neuropathy, ataxia, and leukoencephalopathy, the precise role COA7... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - February 24, 2022 Category: Science Authors: Luke E. Formosa, Shadi Maghool, Alice J. Sharpe, Boris Reljic, Linden Muellner-Wong, David A. Stroud, Michael T. Ryan, Megan J. Maher Tags: Biochemistry Biological Sciences Source Type: research

The dual role of martensitic transformation in fatigue crack growth [Engineering]
Deformation-induced martensitic transformation (DIMT) has been used for designing high-performance alloys to prevent structural failure under static loads. Its effectiveness against fatigue, however, is unclear. This limits the application of DIMT for parts that are exposed to variable loads, although such scenarios are the rule and not the exception for... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - February 24, 2022 Category: Science Authors: Xiaogang Wang, Chenghuan Liu, Binhan Sun, Dirk Ponge, Chao Jiang, Dierk Raabe Tags: Engineering Physical Sciences Source Type: research

Nematode ascarosides attenuate mammalian type 2 inflammatory responses [Immunology and Inflammation]
Mounting evidence suggests that nematode infection can protect against disorders of immune dysregulation. Administration of live parasites or their excretory/secretory (ES) products has shown therapeutic effects across a wide range of animal models for immune disorders, including asthma. Human clinical trials of live parasite ingestion for the treatment of immune... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - February 24, 2022 Category: Science Authors: Kenta Shinoda, Andrea Choe, Kiyoshi Hirahara, Masahiro Kiuchi, Kota Kokubo, Tomomi Ichikawa, Jason S. Hoki, Akane S. Suzuki, Neelanjan Bose, Judith A. Appleton, Raffi V. Aroian, Frank C. Schroeder, Paul W. Sternberg, Toshinori Nakayama Tags: Immunology and Inflammation Biological Sciences Source Type: research

Inequality in science and the case for a new agenda [Anthropology]
The history of the scientific enterprise demonstrates that it has supported gender, identity, and racial inequity. Further, its institutions have allowed discrimination, harassment, and personal harm of racialized persons and women. This has resulted in a suboptimal and demographically narrow research and innovation system, a concomitant limited lens on research... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - February 24, 2022 Category: Science Authors: Joseph L. Graves Jr., Maureen Kearney, Gilda Barabino, Shirley Malcom Tags: Anthropology, Political Sciences, Perspectives Source Type: research

zMADM (zebrafish mosaic analysis with double markers) for single-cell gene knockout and dual-lineage tracing [Genetics]
As a vertebrate model organism, zebrafish has many unique advantages in developmental studies, regenerative biology, and disease modeling. However, tissue-specific gene knockout in zebrafish is challenging due to technical difficulties in making floxed alleles. Even when successful, tissue-level knockout can affect too many cells, making it difficult to distinguish cell... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - February 23, 2022 Category: Science Authors: Bing Xu, Sarah Kucenas, Hui Zong Tags: Genetics Biological Sciences Source Type: research

Compartmentalized citrullination in Muller glial endfeet during retinal degeneration [Medical Sciences]
Muller glia (MG) play a central role in reactive gliosis, a stress response associated with rare and common retinal degenerative diseases, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The posttranslational modification citrullination​ targeting glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in MG was initially discovered in a panocular chemical injury model. Here, we report... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - February 23, 2022 Category: Science Authors: Sarah I. Palko, Nicholas J. Saba, Elias Mullane, Benjamin D. Nicholas, Yosuke Nagasaka, Jayakrishna Ambati, Bradley D. Gelfand, Akihito Ishigami, Paola Bargagna-Mohan, Royce Mohan Tags: Medical Sciences, Brief Reports Biological Sciences Source Type: research