Toxicological effects of aflatoxin B 1 on the earthworm Eisenia fetida as determined in a contact paper test
In this study, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) toxicity toward the earthwormEisenia fetida (Savigny 1826) was evaluated in contact paper test systems containing distilled water and ethanol or 20 to 400 μg/ml of AFB1 over 72 h of exposure. The results indicated that AFB1 could induce significant damage to earthworms (coiling, curling, excessive mucus secretion, clitellum swelling) at greater than 75 μg/ml. Moreover, AFB1 had harmful effects onE. fetida (degenerative changes such as bulging of the clitella regions) at levels higher than 150 μg/ml. The calculated LD50 was 168.5 μg/ml. These findings confirm thatE. fetida an...
Source: Mycotoxin Research - January 11, 2017 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Determination of serum aflatoxin B 1 -lysine to evaluate the efficacy of an aflatoxin-adsorbing feed additive in pigs fed an aflatoxin B 1 -contaminated diet
In this study, serum aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-lysine was determined in order to evaluate the in vivo efficacy of a hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS) in pigs fed AFB1. Twenty-four 49-day-old crossbred barrows were maintained in individual cages and allowed ad libitum access to feed and water. A completely randomized design was used with six animals assigned to each of four dietary treatments for 21 days as follows: (A) basal diet (BD), (B) BD supplemented with 0.5 % HSCAS, (C) BD supplemented with 1.1 mg/kg AFB1, and (D) BD supplemented with 0.5 % HSCAS and 1.1 mg/kg AFB1. HSCAS was able to alleviate the tox...
Source: Mycotoxin Research - December 28, 2016 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Aflatoxin M 1 in human breast milk in southeastern Turkey
This study was performed to determine aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in human breast milk samples collected in Şanlıurfa, located in Southeastern region of Turkey, and to investigate a possible correlation between AFM1 occurrence (frequency and levels) and sampling seasons. Human breast milk samples collected in December 2014 and in June 2015 from a total of 74 nursing women, both outpatient and inpatient volunteers in hospitals located in Şanlıurfa, Turkey, were analyzed using competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the presence of AFM1. AFM1 was detected in 66 (89.2%) out of 74 samples at an average concentrat...
Source: Mycotoxin Research - December 27, 2016 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Evaluation of an enzyme immunoassay for the detection of the mycotoxin tenuazonic acid in sorghum grains and sorghum-based infant food
AbstractAn enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for theAlternaria mycotoxin tenuazonic acid (TeA) was evaluated by comparative analysis of naturally contaminated sorghum grains and sorghum-based infant food, using a stable isotope dilution LC-MS assay (SIDA; limit of detection (LOD) 1.0 μg/kg) as the reference method. LODs of the ELISA were 30 μg/kg in sorghum grains and 220 μg/kg in sorghum-based infant cereals. With SIDA, 100% of the samples (n = 28) had been positive for TeA in a concentration range of 6–584 μg/kg (mean 113 μg/kg). The ELISA consistently detected TeA in all naturally contaminated sam...
Source: Mycotoxin Research - December 11, 2016 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
A mini-survey of moulds and mycotoxins in locally grown and imported wheat grains in Nigeria
This report underscores the need for more robust surveys with larger sample sizes and across several agro-ecologies in the country. (Source: Mycotoxin Research)
Source: Mycotoxin Research - November 29, 2016 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
