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Descriptive Epidemiology of Interruptions to Free-Living Sitting Time in Middle-Age and Older Adults
Purpose To describe the frequency and characteristics (i.e., duration, stepping time, and estimated intensity) of all interruptions and physically active interruptions to adults’ free-living sitting time (i.e., transitions from sitting to upright posture) across segments of the population. Methods Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle study participants (321 men; 406 women; mean ± standard deviation, 58.0 ± 10.3 yr) wore the activPAL3™ for ≥1 valid day. The characteristics of interruptions from laboratory studies demonstrating health benefits were selected to define active interruptions (≥5 min up...
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - November 15, 2021 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: EPIDEMIOLOGY Source Type: research

Genetic and Environmental Effects on the Individual Variation and Continuity of Participation in Diverse Physical Activities
Conclusions Genetic and unique environmental influences explain a large proportion of variation in the number of leisure-time physical activities. However, the estimates vary by age and sex. Common genetic background mainly explains the continuity of the participation in diverse leisure-time physical activities between adolescence and adulthood. (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - November 15, 2021 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: EPIDEMIOLOGY Source Type: research

Chronic Exercise Protects against the Progression of Renal Cyst Growth and Dysfunction in Rats with Polycystic Kidney Disease
Conclusion Chronic exercise slows renal cyst growth and damage in PCK rats, despite increasing AVP, with the downregulation of the cAMP/B-Raf/ERK and mTOR/S6 pathways in the kidney of PCK rats. (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - November 15, 2021 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: BASIC SCIENCES Source Type: research

Downhill Running Decreases the Acetylation of Tubulins and Impairs Autophagosome Degradation in Rat Skeletal Muscle
Conclusions A bout of downhill running decreases microtubule acetylation, which may impair dynein recruitment and autophagosome transportation, causing blocked autophagic flux. (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - November 15, 2021 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: BASIC SCIENCES Source Type: research

Qualitative Components of Dyspnea during Incremental Exercise across the COPD Continuum
Introduction Evaluation of the intensity and quality of activity-related dyspnea is potentially useful in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The present study sought to examine associations between qualitative dyspnea descriptors, dyspnea intensity ratings, dynamic respiratory mechanics, and exercise capacity during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in COPD and healthy controls. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 261 patients with mild-to-very severe COPD (forced expiratory volume in 1 s, 62 ± 25%pred) and 94 age-matched controls (forced expiratory volume in 1 s, 114 ± 14%pred)...
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - November 15, 2021 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCES Source Type: research