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Early Changes of Hamstrings Morphology and Contractile Properties during 10 d of Complete Inactivity
Purpose The hamstrings (HS) muscle group plays a fundamental role in maintaining knee stability, thus contributing to the prevention and rehabilitation of lower limb musculoskeletal injuries. However, little is known about HS structural and functional adaptations after periods of prolonged inactivity. Our purpose was to investigate the HS morphological and contractile properties changes during 10 d of bed rest (BR). Methods Ten young healthy males underwent a 10-d BR. HS cross-sectional area (CSA) (at 30%, 50%, and 70% of femur length) and biceps femoris long head (BFlh) architecture were assessed by ultrasound ...
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - July 22, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: APPLIED SCIENCES Source Type: research

New Predictive Resting Metabolic Rate Equations for High-Level Athletes: A Cross-Validation Study
Conclusions The new proposed equations can estimate the RMR in high-level athletes accurately. Cunningham’s equation is a good option from existing equations, and Jagim’s equation should not be used in high-level male athletes. (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - July 22, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: APPLIED SCIENCES Source Type: research

Relative Skeletal Maturity and Performance Test Outcomes in Elite Youth Middle Eastern Soccer Players
Conclusions Integration of skeletal age and performance assessments indicated that conventional maturity status classification criteria were inconsistent to inform player development processes in our sample. Between-player differences in test performance may depend on a substantial delay in skeletal maturation (∆ ≤ −1.5 yr) and the performance outcome measure. (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - July 22, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: APPLIED SCIENCES Source Type: research

Higher 24-h Total Movement Activity Percentile Is Associated with Better Cognitive Performance in U.S. Older Adults
Conclusions In a representative sample of U.S. older adults, higher cognitive functioning occurs among those that perform total 24-h movement activity at or above the 50th percentile for their age and sex. Future studies should consider movement behaviors across a 24-h period on cognitive health outcomes in older adults. More research exploring prospective associations of MIMS-units and time-use behaviors across midlife and older adulthood that may affect cognitive functioning across diverse populations is needed. (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - July 22, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: EPIDEMIOLOGY Source Type: research

Effects of Exercise Training on PPARβ/δ Expression in Skeletal Muscle of Rats with Spontaneous Hypertension
Conclusions Exercise training promoted PPARβ/δ mRNA and protein-level expression of PPARβ/δ, SOD-2 and VEGFA in skeletal muscle, thus increasing the density and area of skeletal muscle blood vessels. These regulations contribute to the reduction of peripheral vascular resistance. This may be a potential mechanism of exercise to reduce blood pressure. (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - July 22, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: BASIC SCIENCES Source Type: research

Eccentric Exercise Causes Specific Adjustment in Pyruvate Oxidation by Mitochondria
This study aimed to identify the changes in skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration, specifically triggered by a single bout of eccentric treadmill exercise. Methods Male adult mice were randomly divided into eccentric (ECC; downhill running), concentric (CON; uphill running), and unexercised control groups (n = 5/group). Running groups performed 18 bouts of 5 min at 20 cm·s−1 on an inclined treadmill (±15° to 20°). Mice were sacrificed 48 h after exercise for blood and quadriceps muscles collection. Deep proximal (red) and superficial distal (white) muscle portions were used for high-resolution respirometri...
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - July 22, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: BASIC SCIENCES Source Type: research

Mitochondrial Mass of Naïve T Cells Is Associated with Aerobic Fitness and Energy Expenditure of Active and Inactive Adults
This study was conducted to determine the extent to which mitochondrial characteristics of naïve T cells differ according to fitness status and to further examine the energy production pathways of cells from aerobically trained and inactive participants. Methods Blood was collected from 30 aerobically active (>6 h·wk−1) or inactive ( (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - July 22, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: BASIC SCIENCES Source Type: research

Leg Dominance Does Not Influence Maximal Force, Force Steadiness, or Motor Unit Discharge Characteristics
Conclusions MVC force and force steadiness were similar across ankle angles and target forces between the dominant and nondominant legs. The attributes that underlie the self-reported identification of a dominant leg were not associated with the force capacity or the control of force for the dorsiflexor muscles, at least during isometric contractions. (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - July 22, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: BASIC SCIENCES Source Type: research

Preseason Eccentric Strength Is Not Associated with Hamstring Strain Injury: A Prospective Study in Collegiate Athletes
Conclusions No association between preseason eccentric hamstring strength and risk of subsequent HSI was identified after controlling for known risk factors and sex among collegiate athletes. Eccentric hamstring strengthening may continue to serve as a preventative approach to HSI, but it does not provide additional insight into HSI risk beyond factors such as age and prior HSI. (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - July 22, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: BASIC SCIENCES Source Type: research

Cross-Sectional Associations of Sedentary Behavior and Sitting with Serum Lipid Biomarkers in Midlife
Conclusions The associations between SB patterns and serum lipid biomarkers were dependent on MVPA level, which should be considered when planning evidence-based interventions to decrease SB in midlife. (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - July 22, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: BASIC SCIENCES Source Type: research

Genome-wide Association Study of Liking for Several Types of Physical Activity in the UK Biobank and Two Replication Cohorts
Conclusions We have identified the first loci associated with PA-liking and extended our understanding of the genetic basis of PA behavior. (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - July 22, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: BASIC SCIENCES Source Type: research

Strength and Biomechanical Risk Factors for Noncontact ACL Injury in Elite Female Footballers: A Prospective Study
Conclusions Preseason field-based measures of lower limb muscle strength and biomechanics were associated with future noncontact ACL injury in elite female footballers. These risk factors can be used to guide ACL injury screening practices and inform the design of targeted injury prevention training in elite female footballers. (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - July 22, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCES Source Type: research

Long-Term Exercise Intervention in Patients with McArdle Disease: Clinical and Aerobic Fitness Benefits
This study aimed to study the effects of a long-term exercise intervention on clinical and fitness-related outcomes in McArdle patients. Methods Seventeen patients (exercise group: n = 10, 6 male, 38 ± 18 yr; control: n = 7, 4 male, 38 ± 18 yr) participated in a 2-yr unsupervised intervention including moderate-intensity aerobic (cycle-ergometer exercise for 1 h) and resistance (high load–low repetition circuit) training on 5 and 2–3 d·wk−1, respectively. Patients were assessed at baseline and postintervention. Besides safety, outcomes included clinical severity (e.g., exercise intolerance features) on a 0â...
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - July 22, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCES Source Type: research

Specific Sports-Related Injuries
No abstract available (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - June 23, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: SPECIAL COMMUNICATIONS: Book Reviews Source Type: research

Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine Surgery, 3rd Edition
No abstract available (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - June 23, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: SPECIAL COMMUNICATIONS: Book Reviews Source Type: research