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Acute Citrulline Blunts Aortic Systolic Pressure during Exercise and Sympathoactivation in Hypertensive Postmenopausal Women
Purpose Hypertensive postmenopausal women (PMW) have exaggerated exercise systolic blood pressure (SBP) due to impaired functional sympatholysis. l-Citrulline (CIT) supplementation attenuates aortic SBP responses to cold pressor test (CPT)–induced vasoconstriction in young men. We hypothesized that acute CIT ingestion would attenuate aortic SBP and leg hemodynamic responses during exercise and CPT (EX + CPT). Methods Fifteen hypertensive PMW (61 ± 7 yr) were randomly assigned to consume either 6 g of CIT or placebo (PL) separated by a minimum 3-d washout phase. Brachial and aortic blood pressure, femoral arte...
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - April 21, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: BASIC SCIENCES Source Type: research

Exercise Training Improves Mitochondrial Bioenergetics of Natural Killer Cells
Conclusions Either HIIT or MICT increases the expressions of cytotoxic granule proteins and depresses mitochondrial MOB elevated by GXT, along with improving mitochondrial bioenergetic functionality in NK cells. Moreover, HIIT is superior to MICT in improving aerobic capacity. (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - April 21, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: BASIC SCIENCES Source Type: research

Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: Interoperability Through Domain Analysis Modeling and a National Survey
Conclusions The survey data and the implementation of THEMES DAM could accelerate interoperability across multiple centers. This would facilitate a nimble approach to create pediatric reference values responsive to the constantly changing health environment and stimulate novel approaches to CPET research and clinical application. (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - April 21, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: BASIC SCIENCES Source Type: research

Interventions for Improving Body Composition in Men with Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis
Conclusions These results indicate that a resistance-based exercise program alone or combined with a general healthy diet are the most effective interventions for improving overall body composition in men with prostate cancer. (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - April 21, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCES Source Type: research

High-Intensity Interval Training in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Two-Center, Three-Armed Randomized Controlled Trial
Purpose Exercise training is recommended to improve cardiometabolic health and fertility in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), yet there are few randomized controlled trials on the effects of different exercise protocols on clinical reproductive outcomes. Our aim was to determine the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIT) on menstrual frequency, as a proxy of reproductive function, in women with PCOS. Methods The IMPROV-IT study was a two-center randomized controlled trial undertaken in Norway and Australia. Women with PCOS were eligible for inclusion. After stratification for body mass index...
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - April 21, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCES Source Type: research

Linking Gait Biomechanics and Daily Steps After ACL Reconstruction
Conclusions After ACLR, individuals who take the fewest daily steps also walk with lesser vGRF during weight acceptance and a stiffened knee strategy throughout stance. These results highlight complex interactions between joint loading parameters after ACLR. (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - April 21, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCES Source Type: research

Biceps Femoris Long Head Architecture: A Reliability and Retrospective Injury Study—Corrigendum
No abstract available (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - March 24, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: SPECIAL COMMUNICATIONS: Corrigendum Source Type: research

Manual of Traumatic Brain Injury: Assessment and Management, 3rd Edition
No abstract available (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - March 24, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: SPECIAL COMMUNICATIONS: Book Reviews Source Type: research

Pediatric Orthopedics and Sports Medicine: A Handbook for Primary Care Physicians, 2nd Edition
No abstract available (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - March 24, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: SPECIAL COMMUNICATIONS: Book Reviews Source Type: research

Sedentary Profiles: A New Perspective on Accumulation Patterns in Sedentary Behavior
Purpose The purpose of this study is to introduce SB profiles (i.e., groups of similar SB accumulation patterns) as a new approach to pattern-focused SB research. Methods Data came from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2003–2006). The SB bouts were determined from hip-worn accelerometer data, and k-medoid clustering was used to define three SB profiles (interrupted, intermediate, and prolonged). These were used as the exposure in logistic regression models to examine odds ratios (OR) of having high (>20%) predicted-10-yr risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). For comparison, the models were...
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - March 24, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: SPECIAL COMMUNICATIONS: Methodological Advances Source Type: research

Response
No abstract available (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - March 24, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: SPECIAL COMMUNICATIONS: Letters to the Editor-in-Chief Source Type: research

Improving Clinical Prediction Model Methods
No abstract available (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - March 24, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: SPECIAL COMMUNICATIONS: Letters to the Editor-in-Chief Source Type: research

The Rise of the Female Warfighter: Physiology, Performance, and Future Directions
Since 1948, the United States military has been open to both men and women as permanent party service members. However, in the majority of the time since, there have been a subset of military occupational specialties (MOS), or job descriptions, open only to men. In particular, jobs requiring more intense physical and/or environmental strain were considered to be beyond the physiological capabilities of women. In the present analysis, we review the literature regarding neuromuscular, physical performance, and environmental physiology in women, to highlight that women have no inherent limitation in their capacity to particip...
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - March 24, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: APPLIED SCIENCES Source Type: research

Acute High-Intensity Interval Exercise Modulates Corticospinal Excitability in Older Adults
Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that corticospinal excitability of the nonexercised upper limb is increased after HIIT in healthy older adults. Our results indicate that acute HIIT exercise impacts corticospinal excitability in older adults, without affecting intracortical or interhemispheric circuitry. These findings have implications for the development of exercise strategies to potentiate neuroplasticity in healthy older and clinical populations. (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - March 24, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: APPLIED SCIENCES Source Type: research

Sleep as a Major Determinant for Mental Health Outcomes in Elite Australian Football League (AFL) Athletes
Conclusions Our results present poor sleep as a major determinant of impaired mental health outcomes in a population that is constantly under pressure to perform at the highest level and may underreport mental health symptoms. These findings support the inclusion of sleep assessments as an initial screening tool as well as a core component of all routine health and rehabilitation programs. (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - March 24, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: APPLIED SCIENCES Source Type: research