Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Optimizing Concussion Care Seeking: Identification of Factors Predicting Previous Concussion Diagnosis Status
Purpose
There is limited understanding of factors affecting concussion diagnosis status using large sample sizes. The study objective was to identify factors that can accurately classify previous concussion diagnosis status among collegiate student-athletes and service academy cadets with concussion history.
Methods
This retrospective study used support vector machine, Gaussian Naïve Bayes, and decision tree machine learning techniques to identify individual (e.g., sex) and institutional (e.g., academic caliber) factors that accurately classify previous concussion diagnosis status (all diagnosed vs 1+ undiagnos...
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - November 17, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: BASIC SCIENCES Source Type: research
The Role of Muscle Glycogen Content and Localization in High-Intensity Exercise Performance: A Placebo-Controlled Trial
Purpose
We investigated the coupling between muscle glycogen content and localization and high-intensity exercise performance using a randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group design with emphasis on single-fiber subcellular glycogen concentrations and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ kinetics.
Methods
Eighteen well-trained participants performed high-intensity intermittent glycogen-depleting exercise, followed by randomization to a high- (CHO; ~1 g CHO·kg−1·h−1; n = 9) or low-carbohydrate placebo diet (PLA, (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - November 17, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: BASIC SCIENCES Source Type: research
Cardiac Events in World-Class Athletes: An Internet-Based Study
Conclusions
A relatively unexpected high prevalence of cardiac events in endurance elite athletes was observed as compared with other sports, mainly, in short-distance male and female triathletes. This raises the question of particular cardiovascular constraints in this discipline and underlines the urge of international longitudinal follow-up studies in these kinds of athletes. (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - November 17, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: BASIC SCIENCES Source Type: research
Physical Activity, Body Composition, and Cardiometabolic Health during Pregnancy: A Compositional Data Approach
Conclusions
Our results demonstrated that increasing LPA or MVPA while reducing SB and sleep was associated with lower weight and more favorable cardiometabolic health in early pregnancy. In contrast, LPA in early pregnancy seems to be a stimulus of enough intensity to improve body composition and cardiometabolic health indicators in late pregnancy. (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - November 17, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: BASIC SCIENCES Source Type: research
Push-Off Dynamics Reveal Task-Independent Alterations in Athletes Returning to Sport after ACL Reconstruction
Conclusions
Athletes with ACLR show task-independent alterations that unload the knee during the propulsion phase of single-leg hopping tasks. If longitudinal data deem these alterations to be maladaptive, more emphasis must be placed on their normalization during the propulsion phase, assuming beneficial carryover effects into the landing phase. Normalizing these patterns during rehabilitation may potentially reduce the risk of long-term complications such as reinjuries and posttraumatic osteoarthritis. (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - November 17, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: BASIC SCIENCES Source Type: research
Low Regional Homogeneity of Intrinsic Cerebellar Activity in Ankle Instability: An Externally Validated rs-fMRI Study
Conclusions
Patients with ankle instability had lower intraregional coherence in cerebellar lobule VIIIb than that of controls, which was also positively correlated with the intensity of self-reported ankle instability. (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - November 17, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCES Source Type: research
Association between Fat-Free Mass Loss after Diet and Exercise Interventions and Weight Regain in Women with Overweight
This study aimed to determine if percent fat-free mass loss (% FFML) after diet alone, diet plus aerobic, or diet plus resistance exercise is a predictor of weight regain in women with overweight.
Methods
One hundred and forty-one premenopausal women with overweight (body mass index, 28 ± 1 kg·m−2; age, 35 ± 6 yr) enrolled in a weight loss program to achieve a body mass index (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - November 17, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCES Source Type: research
Enhanced Bone Size, Microarchitecture, and Strength in Female Runners with a History of Playing Multidirectional Sports
Purpose
Female runners have high rates of bone stress injuries (BSIs), including stress reactions and fractures. The current study explored multidirectional sports (MDS) played when younger as a potential means of building stronger bones to reduce BSI risk in these athletes.
Methods
Female collegiate-level cross-country runners were recruited into groups: 1) RUN, history of training and/or competing in cross-country, recreational running/jogging, swimming, and/or cycling only, and 2) RUN + MDS, additional history of training and/or competing in soccer or basketball. High-resolution peripheral quantitative comput...
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - November 17, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCES Source Type: research
Soldiers’ Heart: A Prospective Study of Cardiac Remodeling in Soldiers Undergoing Progressive Intensity Exercise Training
Purpose
Most studies reporting cardiac changes with exercise have been cross sectional. The few available longitudinal studies have lacked standardization for environmental confounders. We prospectively assessed the relationship between increasing exercise intensity and cardiac remodeling in a highly standardized cohort of healthy young army soldiers.
Methods
Sixty-three male army recruits (22 ± 3 yr) underwent a 12-wk moderate-intensity mixed strength and endurance exercise program, followed by a further 15-wk high-intensity exercise program, with highly controlled exercise, diet, and sleep patterns. Fitness (...
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - November 17, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCES Source Type: research
Predictors of Quadriceps Strength Asymmetry after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Chi-Squared Automatic Interaction Detection Decision Tree Analysis
This study sought to determine if graft type is predictive of quadriceps strength asymmetry during the first 12 months post-ACLR taking into consideration potentially influential factors (i.e., age, sex, body mass index, time post-ACLR).
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed quadriceps strength data from 434 patients (303 female patients and 131 male patients) who had previously undergone ACLR with an autograft (hamstring tendon, quadriceps tendon [QT], patellar tendon [PT]) or allograft. Chi-Squared Automatic Interaction Detection decision tree analysis was used to evaluate if graft type is predictive of quadriceps s...
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - November 17, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCES Source Type: research
Change in Central Cardiovascular Function in Response to Intense Interval Training: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Conclusions
Increases in V̇O2max demonstrated with intense interval training are attendant with increases in central O2 delivery with little contribution from changes in hematocrit, blood volume, or plasma volume. (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - November 17, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCES Source Type: research
Vitamin D Metabolites Are Associated with Physical Performance in Young Healthy Adults
This study aimed to determine vitamin D metabolites and vitamin D receptor (VDR) single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) relationships with physical performance.
Methods
In 1205 men and 322 women (94.8% White Caucasian, 22.0 ± 2.8 yr) commencing military training, we measured serum vitamin D metabolites (25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (24,25(OH)2D) by high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrophotometry and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) by immunoassay), VDR SNPs (rs2228570, rs4516035, and rs7139166 by polymerase chain reaction genotyping), and endurance performance by...
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - October 20, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: APPLIED SCIENCES Source Type: research
Dyspnea Is Attenuated by Auditory Distraction via Music with Headphones during Exercise in Healthy Individuals
This study aimed to determine whether listening to music through headphones (a) affects the sensory (breathing intensity [BI]) and/or affective (breathing unpleasantness [BU]) components of dyspnea during exercise at different intensities and (b) affects exercise performance.
Methods
Twenty-two recreationally active individuals (24 ± 3 yr, 10 women) performed two 5-min constant loads (10% below/above gas exchange threshold [GET]) and an 8-km cycling time trial with ambient laboratory noise or self-selected music in a randomized crossover design. BI, BU, and ventilation (V̇E) were measured at each minute of the con...
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - October 20, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: APPLIED SCIENCES Source Type: research
Predictive Simulations of Human Sprinting: Effects of Muscle–Tendon Properties on Sprint Performance
Conclusions
Sprint performance was most sensitive to changes in muscle strength and least affected by changes in tendon compliance. Sprint performance was also more heavily influenced by changes in muscle fascicle length than muscle intrinsic maximum shortening velocity. These results could inform training methods aimed at optimizing performance in elite sprinters. (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - October 20, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: APPLIED SCIENCES Source Type: research
Power Output Manipulation from Below to Above the Gas Exchange Threshold Results in Exacerbated Performance Fatigability
Conclusions
The lack of difference in fatigability between the trials at 70% and 90% GET, coupled with the greater fatigability at 110% relative to 90% GET, shows that exceeding the moderate- to heavy-intensity boundary has implications for performance fatigability, while also impairing maximal exercise performance capacity. (Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise)
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - October 20, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: APPLIED SCIENCES Source Type: research
