Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

High-Density Adaptive Ten Ten: Proposal for Electrode Nomenclature for High-Density EEG
Conclusions: Electrode position nomenclature that builds upon the international standard 10-10 system allows electroencephalographers to identify spatial areas of interest in HD-EEG relative to positions in routine use. A standard viewing montage for HD-EEG and its application with electrical source imaging boost efficiency when reviewing data and improve accuracy in recognizing epileptiform discharges. Additionally, our proposed system is not limited to a specific HD-EEG system, electrode count, or electrode layout. (Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - May 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Interrater Agreement Between Critical Care Providers for Background Classification and Seizure Detection After Implementation of Amplitude-Integrated Electroencephalography in Neonates, Infants, and Children
Conclusions: These results suggest that aEEG monitoring may be implemented in routine nursing care in pediatric intensive care unit. Further training courses are needed to enhance nurses' skill in detecting seizures activity at the bedside. (Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - May 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Towards Successes in the Management of Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus: Tracing the Detection-to-Needle Trajectories
Conclusions: The administration of the first, second, and third AEDs for NCSE was delayed. Slow initiation of acute treatment in comatose patients was caused by delays in the placement of the medication order. (Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - May 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

High-Frequency Oscillations in the Scalp EEG of Intensive Care Unit Patients With Altered Level of Consciousness
Purpose: In comatose patients, distinguishing between nonconvulsive status epilepticus and diffuse structural or metabolic encephalopathies is often challenging. Both conditions can generate periodic discharges on EEG with similar morphology and periodicity. We investigated the occurrence of high-frequency oscillations—potential biomarkers of epileptogenesis—on scalp EEG of comatose patients with periodic discharges in the EEG. Methods: Fifteen patients were included. Patients were divided into three groups, according to underlying etiology: Group 1, seizure related; group 2, structural; group 3, nonstructural. EE...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - May 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Similar Cerebral Blood Flow and Autonomic Responses to Upright Tilt Test in Adult Patients With Different Hemodynamic Mechanisms Leading to Reflex Syncope
Conclusions: Although different cardiovascular hemodynamic mechanisms of reflex syncope exist in adult patients, cerebrovascular hypoperfusion and autonomic modulation occur to a similar extent. (Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - May 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Electromyographic Features in a Chinese Cohort With Hereditary Skeletal Muscle Channelopathies
Conclusions: Myotonic discharges help to discriminate chloride and sodium from other channelopathies. Early decline and low baseline compound motor action potential amplitude in long exercise test are significant in patients with potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily J member 2 and calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha 1S mutations, respectively. Electromyographic patterns in the electromyography study and exercise test may help in better providing the comprehensive picture for patients with primary skeletal muscle channelopathies. (Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - May 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

SREDA: A Rare but Confusing Benign EEG Variant
Conclusions: This study indicates that SREDA is difficult to associate with any specific condition. The pathophysiology of SREDA can not be explained by a single mechanism. Even if it is mostly observed in older adults, it is also observed in young adults in this study. It is important to differentiate SREDA from ictal discharge to prevent misdiagnosis of epilepsy especially in nonepileptic paroxysmal events. (Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - May 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Ulnar Neuropathy at Elbow in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Conclusions: Although the majority of diabetic patients were asymptomatic for the UNE, approximately one third of all patients with DM were found to have UNE. Ulnar neuropathy at the elbow is closely related with PNP. (Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - May 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Frequency of Electrodiagnostically Measurable Berrettini Anastomosis
Conclusions: The Berrettini anastomosis can frequently be seen as a small amplitude sensory nerve action potential response, but at times can be observed with an amplitude greater than 10 μV. It is possible that patients with an absent or significantly delayed median nerve response may have simultaneous inadvertent spread of stimulus to ulnar axons measurable on D3 that may be interpreted as a falsely normal response. All electromyographers need to be aware of this potential pitfall. (Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - May 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

End-Plate Disorders in Intensive Care Unit
Summary: Even if nerves and muscles are the principal targets of intensive care unit-acquired weakness, the neuromuscular junction may be as well involved. In intensive care units, neuromuscular blocking agents are classically used, and side effects are possible. Sepsis, immobilization, and denervation which are common in intensive care units may be the cause of neuromuscular junction disorders and participate to the pathophysiology of weakness. We propose here a review of end-plate disorders in intensive care units to highlight their mechanisms and propose diagnosis tools. (Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - May 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research

Respiratory Neurophysiology in Intensive Care Unit
Summary: Patients with intensive care unit-acquired weakness have an increased risk of prolonged mechanical ventilation, which is a risk factor for prolonged stay and mortality. The most common cause of this problem is weakness of the diaphragm, which can derive from phrenic nerve injury associated with critical neuropathy, or with the complex multiorgan failure/systemic respiratory response syndrome causing muscle fiber lesion. Two conventional neurophysiological techniques are useful to investigate the respiratory muscles, phrenic nerve conduction, and needle electromyography of the accessory respiratory muscles and di...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - May 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research

Critical Illness Neuropathy
Summary: Critical illness polyneuropathy (CIP) along with critical illness myopathy (CIM) is a frequent condition in critically ill patients. Similar to critical illness myopathy, the exact incidence, etiology, and mechanisms of CIP are not well understood. Although decreased compound muscle action potential amplitudes may be seen in both conditions, differentiation mostly relies on sensory nerve conduction studies which require special care to perform at intensive care units. In some instances, both CIP and critical illness myopathy are observed, and this condition is called critical illness neuromyopathy. In this revie...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - May 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research

Critical Illness Myopathy
Summary: Critical illness myopathy (CIM) is a primary myopathy associated with increased mortality and morbidity, which frequently develops in severely ill patients. Several risk factors have been suggested for the development of critical illness myopathy. However, neither the exact etiology nor the underlying mechanisms are known in detail. Although for definite diagnosis muscle biopsy is needed, electrophysiological tests are crucial for the diagnosis of probable critical illness myopathy and differential diagnosis. In this review, conventional electrophysiological tests such as nerve conduction studies, needle electro...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - May 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research

Intensive Care Unit-Acquired Weakness: Neuropathology
Summary: There is extensive evidence in the literature that both peripheral nerve fibers and muscle fibers are affected in the course of intensive care unit-acquired weakness. Peripheral nerve lesion is characterized by axonal degeneration, without inflammatory changes. Muscle fiber involvement is characterized by muscle fiber atrophy and loss of thick filaments, predominantly involving type 2 fibers, but myonecrosis (“acute necrotizing myopathy of intensive care”) has also been reported. Steroids can precipitate thick myofilament damage, probably to some extent also triggered by immobilization and neuromuscular junc...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - May 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research

Intensive Care Unit-Acquired Weakness: Introductory Notes
No abstract available (Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - May 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Guest Editorial Source Type: research