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Seizures Noted by Responsive Neurostimulation From e-Cigarette Use (Vaping)
Summary: The health consequences of e-cigarette use (vaping) have recently garnered significant attention, most notably from reports of pulmonary pathologic examination although there are scattered case reports of vape-induced seizures, but thus far, there have been little objective data or rigorous study supporting this association with definitive quantification. (Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - January 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

“Quadripolar” Transcranial Electrical Stimulation for Motor Evoked Potentials
Conclusions: Quadripolar stimulation resulted in higher area under the curve for right foot MEP compared with conventional bipolar stimulation. (Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - January 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Limited-Montage EEG as a Tool for the Detection of Nonconvulsive Seizures
Conclusions: Nonconvulsive seizures were detected with high accuracy using the limited electrode array configuration in the neonatal and hatband montages. The sensitivity of the neonatal montage EEG in detecting seizures was superior to that of a hatband montage. These findings suggest that in some patients with nonconvulsive seizures, limited-montage EEG may allow to differentiate ictal and slow patterns. (Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - January 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

The Sensitivity of Scalp EEG at Detecting Seizures—A Simultaneous Scalp and Stereo EEG Study
Purpose: Compare the detection rate of seizures on scalp EEG with simultaneous intracranial stereo EEG (SEEG) recordings. Methods: Twenty-seven drug-resistant epilepsy patients undergoing SEEG with simultaneous scalp EEG as part of their surgical work-up were included. A total of 172 seizures were captured. Results: Of the 172 seizures detected on SEEG, 100 demonstrated scalp ictal patterns. Focal aware and subclinical seizures were less likely to be seen on scalp, with 33% of each observed when compared with focal impaired aware (97%) and focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures (100%) (P (Source: Jour...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - January 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Neuroimaging of EEG Rhythms at Resting State in Normal Elderly Adults: A Standard Low-Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography Study
Purpose: Brain source mechanisms of the cortical EEG brainwave at the resting state in the elderly during normal aging are rarely known. To solve the problem, we use a standard low-resolution electromagnetic tomography to explore the brain source mechanisms on the effects of healthy aging on brain function at the resting state. Methods: Eye-closed EEG signals at resting state were sampled in 13 normal elderly adults and 17 normal young adults. The EEG rhythms by frequency band, delta, theta, alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1, and beta 2 were of interest for this analysis. Brain sources of these rhythms were estimated by ...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - January 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Sonographic Reference Values of Vagus Nerve: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Conclusions: The mean cross-sectional area of the right VN of 2.53 mm2 and the left one of 2.03 mm2 can be considered as sonographic reference values in healthy adults. This review provides these reference values to be considered in the further sonographic evaluation of VNs. (Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - January 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Brain Data in Pediatric Disorders of Consciousness: Special Considerations
Summary: The diagnosis and management of disorders of consciousness in children continue to present a clinical, research, and ethical challenge. Though the practice guidelines for diagnosis and management of disorders of consciousness in adults are supported by decades of empirical and pragmatic evidence, similar guidelines for infants and children are lacking. The maturing conscious experience and the limited behavioral repertoire to report consciousness in this age group restrict extrapolation from the adult literature. Equally challenging is the process of heightened structural and functional neuroplasticity in the ...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - January 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research

Organizing a Rational Approach to Treatments of Disorders of Consciousness Using the Anterior Forebrain Mesocircuit Model
Summary: Organizing a rational treatment strategy for patients with multifocal structural brain injuries and disorders of consciousness (DOC) is an important and challenging clinical goal. Among potential clinical end points, restoring elements of communication to DOC patients can support improved patient care, caregiver satisfaction, and patients' quality of life. Over the past decade, several studies have considered the use of the anterior forebrain mesocircuit model to approach this problem because this model proposes a supervening circuit-level impairment arising across DOC of varying etiologies. We review both the...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - January 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research

Brain–Computer Interfaces in Acute and Subacute Disorders of Consciousness
Summary: Disorders of consciousness include coma, unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (also known as vegetative state), and minimally conscious state. Neurobehavioral scales such as coma recovery scale—revised are the gold standard for disorder of consciousness assessment. Brain–computer interfaces have been emerging as an alternative tool for these patients. The application of brain–computer interfaces in disorders of consciousness can be divided into four fields: assessment, communication, prediction, and rehabilitation. The operational theoretical model of consciousness that brain–computer interfaces explore w...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - January 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research

Evoked and Event-Related Potentials as Biomarkers of Consciousness State and Recovery
Summary: The definition of consciousness has been the subject of great interest for many scientists and philosophers. To better understand how evoked potentials may be identified as biomarkers of consciousness and recovery, the different theoretical models sustaining neural correlates of consciousness are reviewed. A multimodal approach can help to better predict clinical outcome in patients presenting with disorders of consciousness. Evoked potentials are inexpensive and easy-to-implement bedside examination techniques. Evoked potentials are an integral part of prognostic evaluation, particularly in cases of cognitive...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - January 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research

Mapping the Unconscious Brain: Insights From Advanced Neuroimaging
Summary: Recent advances in neuroimaging have been a preeminent factor in the scientific effort to unravel mechanisms of conscious awareness and the pathophysiology of disorders of consciousness. In the first part of this review, we selectively discuss operational models of consciousness, the biophysical signal that is measured using different imaging modalities, and knowledge on disorders of consciousness that has been gleaned with each neuroimaging modality. Techniques considered include diffusion-weighted imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, different types of nuclear medicine imaging, functional MRI, magnetoencephalo...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - January 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research

Behavioral Assessment of Patients With Disorders of Consciousness
Summary: Brain injury resulting in coma may evolve into a prolonged disorder of consciousness, including the vegetative and minimally conscious states. Early detection of emerging consciousness has positive prognostic significance, and improvement in consciousness at any point may indicate the potential for meaningful communication and environmental control. Despite the importance of accurate assessment of consciousness, research indicates that as many as 40% of patients with a disorder of consciousness may be assessed incorrectly. Assessment of consciousness is challenging for many reasons, including the fact that con...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - January 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research

Neurophysiological and Neuroimaging Modalities in Acute and Subacute Disorders of Consciousness
No abstract available (Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - January 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Guest Editorial Source Type: research

Farewell: My Eight Wonderful Years
No abstract available (Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - January 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

2021 American Clinical Neurophysiology Society (ACNS) Annual Meeting: Autonomic Function and Disorders
No abstract available (Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - November 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Abstracts Source Type: research