Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

The Unease When Using Anesthetics for Treatment-Refractory Status Epilepticus: Still Far Too Many Questions
Summary: Status epilepticus (SE), treatment-refractory status epilepticus (RSE), and super-treatment-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE) are associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and high socioeconomic burden and pose significant treatment challenges for intensivists and neurologists. To optimize and streamline emergency treatment, current practice guidelines recommend the use of continuously delivered intravenous anesthetic drugs such as midazolam, propofol, or barbiturates as the third-line therapy after first-line and second-line treatments have failed. Although the rationale for these third-line drugs seem...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - September 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research

When and How to Treat Status Epilepticus: The Tortoise or the Hare?
Summary: Status epilepticus (SE) is a collective term that is used to describe a variety of subtypes. Forgetting this point can be perilous, even resulting in exposing patients to unnecessary harms. This review revisits the foundations of many of our current treatment guidelines, providing context to the ever-growing options in the treatment of SE. It aims to highlight the uncertainties that clinicians and EEGers face when treating SE. Several promising future approaches are raised. These bring hope of transitioning to therapies that are based on correcting maladaptive neuronal responses that are personally tailored usin...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - September 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research

A Theoretical Paradigm for Evaluating Risk–Benefit of Status Epilepticus Treatment
Summary: Aggressive treatment of status epilepticus with anesthetic drugs can provide rapid seizure control, but it might lead to serious medical complications and worse outcomes. Using a decision analysis approach, this concise review provides a framework for individualized decision making about aggressive and nonaggressive treatment in status epilepticus. The authors propose and review the most relevant parameters guiding the risk–benefit analysis of treatment aggressiveness in status epilepticus and present real-world–based case examples to illustrate how these tools could be used at the bedside and serve to guide...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - September 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research

Assessing the Risk/Benefit at Status Epilepticus Onset: The Prognostic Scores
This study describes and compares the three available scores (Status Epilepticus Severity Score, Epidemiology-Based Mortality Score in Status Epilepticus and Encephalitis, Nonconvulsive, Diazepam resistance, Imaging, Tracheal intubation). (Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - September 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research

The Need to Intervene Before Time Point 2: Evidence From Clinical and Animal Data That Status Epilepticus Damages the Brain
Summary: Status epilepticus, a condition characterized by abnormally prolonged seizures, has the potential to cause irreversible, structural or functional, injury to the brain. Unfavorable consequences of these seizures include mortality, the risk of developing epilepsy, and cognitive impairment. We highlight key findings of clinical and laboratory studies that have provided insights into aspects of cell death, and anatomical and functional alterations triggered by status epilepticus that support the need to intervene before time point 2, the time after which the risk of these long-term consequences increases. (Source: J...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - September 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research

Current Knowledge and Challenges in Status Epilepticus
No abstract available (Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - September 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Guest Editorial Source Type: research

2020 American Clinical Neurophysiology Society (ACNS) Annual Meeting: Poster Abstracts
No abstract available (Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - July 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Abstracts Source Type: research

Seizure Occurrences: Patient Report, Scalp EEG, and RNS Electrocorticography Findings
Summary: Eliminating or reducing seizures is a main goal of epilepsy treatment, and clinicians rely mainly on patient self-report regarding seizure frequency. Here, we compare seizure frequency by patient report with responsive neurostimulation (RNS) recordings in two patients, one of whom also had prolonged scalp EEG recording. RNS being more sensitive in detecting seizures than scalp EEG, our cases illustrate that patients may strikingly underreport seizure frequency. In addition, patients may also overreport seizures. Although a negative scalp EEG study does not exclude the possibility of focal aware seizures, RNS can...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - July 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Electrodiagnostic Testing of Entrapment Neuropathies: A Review of Existing Guidelines
This study reviews the existing, more or less, detailed EDX criteria or practice parameters that are suggested by consensus groups in peer-reviewed journals for the most common entrapment neuropathies: carpal tunnel syndrome, ulnar neuropathy at the elbow, common peroneal (fibular) neuropathy at the fibular head, and tibial neuropathy at the tarsal tunnel. It is concluded that future research is needed to develop and refine EDX guidelines in entrapment neuropathies. (Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - July 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research

Electrodiagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Review of Existing Guidelines
Summary: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by degeneration of upper motor neurons in the motor cortex and lower motor neurons (LMN) in the brainstem and spinal cord, resulting in a progressive functional impairment. Neurophysiology is a diagnostic tool to detect dysfunction of upper motor neurons and LMN, even when the changes are subclinical. Electromyography is the standard neurophysiological investigation to detect LMN changes, which is essential to exclude mimicking disorders and attain early diagnosis. Recently, Awaji criteria was proposed to support ALS diagnosis, in these criteria fasciculation ...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - July 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research

Electrodiagnostic Testing of Small Fiber Neuropathies: A Review of Existing Guidelines
This article reviews the literature on neurophysiological techniques for the diagnosis of small fiber neuropathy. The review is focused on clinical approach to suspected small fiber neuropathy, letting aside techniques whose clinical applicability is doubtful. We include, however, the special techniques required to examine C and Aδ fibers, which cannot be evaluated directly with conventional neurophysiological methods. The most relevant publications are summarized and recommendations for the clinical assessment of small fiber neuropathy are provided. (Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - July 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research

Electrodiagnostic Testing of Large Fiber Polyneuropathies: A Review of Existing Guidelines
Summary: Electrodiagnostic testing for polyneuropathies is a large part of the diagnostic workup in all electrodiagnostic laboratories. Guidelines on examination and diagnostic strategies and classification of polyneuropathies are crucial for standardization of electrodiagnostic testing and best clinical practice. Several guidelines have been suggested on pathophysiological classification, particularly for the definition of inflammatory neuropathies, whereas for axonal polyneuropathies, the literature is sparse. Similarly, there are a few recommendations on examination and diagnostic strategies. This review will cover th...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - July 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research

Existing Guidelines in Electrodiagnostic Testing of Neuromuscular Disorders
No abstract available (Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - July 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Guest Editorial Source Type: research

Continuous EEG Monitoring: Principles and Practice
No abstract available (Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - May 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Book Review Source Type: research

Breach Rhythm May Be Suppressed as a Form of Todd's Paralysis
We present the case of an 84–year-old woman, who had a craniotomy 14 month before admission to our emergency department with a focal inhibitory status epilepticus. Even after clinical recovery, electroencephalography revealed frequent subclinical seizure patterns. When seizure activity was suppressed by anticonvulsive medication with levetiracetam, breach rhythm appeared. Breach rhythm develops usually some months after craniotomy and therefore should have been established in our patient at the time of admission. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that it was in some way suppressed by the seizure activity in our prima...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology - May 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Case Report Source Type: research