Nutritional deficiencies and long COVID: correspondence
(Source: Inflammopharmacology)
Source: Inflammopharmacology - June 1, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Anti-arthritic effects of geranium essential oil loaded chitosan nanoparticles in Freund ’s complete adjuvant induced arthritic rats through down-regulation of inflammatory cytokines
AbstractGeranium essential oil (GEO) has been widely used in aromatherapy and traditional medicines. Nanoencapsulation, a novel technique has emerged to overcome the environmental degradation and less oral bioavailability of essential oils. This work was undertaken to encapsulate geranium essential oil in chitosan nanoparticles (GEO-CNPs) by ionic gelation technique and to explore anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory potential in FCA-induced arthritic model in rats. The GEO was characterized by gas chromatography flame ionization detector (GCFID) and the nanosuspension was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectr...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - May 25, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Differential dose –response effect of cyclosporine A in regulating apoptosis and autophagy markers in MCF-7 cells
AbstractCyclosporine A (CsA) is an immunosuppressant primarily used at a higher dosage in transplant medicine and autoimmune diseases with a higher success rate. At lower doses, CsA exhibits immunomodulatory properties. CsA has also been reported to inhibit breast cancer cell growth by downregulating the expression of pyruvate kinase. However, differential dose –response effects of CsA in cell growth, colonization, apoptosis, and autophagy remain largely unidentified in breast cancer cells. Herein, we showed the cell growth-inhibiting effects of CsA by preventing cell colonization and enhancing DNA damage and apoptotic i...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - May 19, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Omicron variant evolution on vaccines and monoclonal antibodies
AbstractThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 responsible for the global COVID-19 pandemic has caused almost 760 million confirmed cases and 7 million deaths worldwide, as of end-February 2023. Since the beginning of the first COVID-19 case, several virus variants have emerged: Alpha (B1.1.7), Beta (B135.1), Gamma (P.1), Delta (B.1.617.2) and then Omicron (B.1.1.529) and its sublineages. All variants have diversified in transmissibility, virulence, and pathogenicity. All the newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants appear to contain some similar mutations associated with greater"evasiveness" of...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - May 19, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Role of medicinal herbs and phytochemicals in post burn management
AbstractBurn management is a natural and distinctly programmed process involving overlapping phases of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and remodeling. Burn wound healing involves initiation of inflammation, re-epithelialization, granulation, neovascularization and wound contraction. Despite the availability of multiple preparations for management of burn wound, there is dire need for efficacious alternative agents. Current approaches for burn wound management include pharmaceutical agents and antibiotics. However, high cost of synthetic drugs and accelerated resistance to antibiotics is challenging for both develop...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - May 19, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Potential role of tirzepatide towards Covid-19 infection in diabetic patients: a perspective approach
AbstractIn Covid-19, variations in fasting blood glucose are considered a distinct risk element for a bad prognosis and outcome in Covid-19 patients. Tirazepatide (TZT), a dual glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonist may be effective in managing Covid-19-induced hyperglycemia in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. The beneficial effect of TZT in T2DM and obesity is related to direct activation of GIP and GLP-1 receptors with subsequent improvement of insulin sensitivity and reduction of body weight. TZT improves endothelial dysfunction (ED) and associated infla...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - May 19, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Rheumatoid arthritis
AbstractIt is difficult to determine from ancient writings, old human specimens, and from Art over the centuries, as to when Rheumatoid Arthritis first appeared. It may be a relatively modern condition, as it was reasonably well described in the seventeenth century. Augustin Jacob Landre-Beauvais (1772 –1840), University of Paris is credited, with the first clear description of the disease in his thesis. In 1859 Sir Alfred Baring Garrod (1819–1907), the"father of rheumatology", gave the disease its current name which was finally adapted in Britain by the Ministry of Health in 1922. Some forms of Juvenile Arth...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - May 17, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Osteoarthritis
AbstractThe clinical appearance and radiological pattern of osteoarthritis have been identified in the skeletons of dinosaurs some 50 –70 million years old, and in Egyptian mummies, and in ancient skeletons in England. Osteoarthritis patterns of joint involvement, often referred to as primary osteoarthritis, can be seen in the hands, spinal facet joints, hips, knees and feet, but can also be termed secondary osteoarthritis when seen in any joint that has had trauma, sepsis, surgery or metabolic insult. The prevalence of osteoarthritis increases with age. The histology and pathophysiology both demonstrate an inflammatory ...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - May 17, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Sj ögren’s syndrome
AbstractSj ögren’s syndrome (SS) is characterised as keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eyes), xerostomia (dry mouth) commonly associated with salivary gland enlargement, and is referred to as Primary Sjögren’s syndrome. It is known as Secondary Sjögren’s syndrome when it occurs in patients, with connect ive tissue disease, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, polyarthritis nodosa, polymyositis, and systemic sclerosis. SS has also been associated with chronic graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, human immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), hepatit is C infection (H...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - May 17, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Surgery of joints
AbstractCrude forms of musculoskeletal surgery have been performed through history for the treatment of deformity, pain and the horrors of battle. In more modern times Muller is credited with the first synovectomy in rheumatoid arthritis in 1884, and a Synovectomy was first performed by Richard von Volkmann (1830 –1889) for joint tuberculosis. Chemical synovectomy consisting of the intra-articular injection of various agents was popular for a while but is now largely discarded. Joint resection for sepsis and tuberculosis has been documented since the early 1800s, and also joint arthrodesis, and osteotomy. Modern arthrosc...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - May 17, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
History and philosophy of the treatment of rheumatic diseases
(Source: Inflammopharmacology)
Source: Inflammopharmacology - May 17, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Diosgenin, a steroidal sapogenin, arrests arthritis through modulation of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress biomarkers in Wistar rats
AbstractDiosgenin (DGN) is a well-known steroidal sapogenin that is obtained from the hydrolysis of dioscin. The current research aimed to explore the anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic potential of DGN alone and in combination with methotrexate (MTX). Thein-vitro antioxidant, and anti-arthritic potential was assessed by protein denaturation and Human red blood cell membrane stabilization assays. Thein-vivo anti-inflammatory effect was examined by carrageenan-induced paw edema and xylene-induced ear edema methods. The arthritis was induced in Wistar rats by inoculation of 0.1 ml Complete Freund’s adjuvant in the left...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - May 15, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Promising effect of Geranium robertianum L. leaves and Aloe vera gel powder on Aspirin ®-induced gastric ulcers in Wistar rats: anxiolytic behavioural effect, antioxidant activity, and protective pathways
ConclusionData presented a significant protective effect ofAloe vera gel and geranium against Aspirin ®-induced GU; they reduced gastric mucosal injury with potential anxiolytic effects through their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Therefore, they may be considered promising agents for preventing or treating gastric ulceration. (Source: Inflammopharmacology)
Source: Inflammopharmacology - May 15, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
The post-COVID stress syndrome: from the three-stage stress response of Hans Selye to COVID-19
AbstractStress is the nonspecific response of the body to any demand made upon it, as defined by Hans Selye more than 80 years ago, based on his animal experiments at McGill University in Montreal, Canada. By emphasizing ‘nonspecificity’ he tried to underline that stress response is elicited my several factors, like nowadays in COVID-19, e.g., fear of infection, social isolation, death in family, loss of employm ent, etc. Thus, COVID-19 has been the largest new human stressor in the twenty-first century. Selye’s studies in rats also revealed 3 stages of stress response: the short initial “alarm reaction” is fol...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - May 15, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Anti-inflammatory mechanisms of eucalyptol rich Eucalyptus globulus essential oil alone and in combination with flurbiprofen
This study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-pyretic properties ofEucalyptus globulus essential oil alone and in combination with flurbiprofen. GC –MS analysis was performed to screen chemical composition of oil. In vitro anti-inflammatory assay (membrane stabilization assay) and in vivo inflammatory acute (carrageenan and histamine-induced paw oedema) and chronic (cotton pellet-induced granuloma and Complete Freund’s adjuvant-induced arthritis) models were performed to check anti-inflammatory properties. Acetic acid-induced algesia and yeast-induced pyrexia models were perform...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - May 14, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
