Therapeutic drug monitoring of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in circulating leukocytes in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases
AbstractThe treatment of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) is one of the main challenges of modern medicine. Although a number of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) are available, there is wide variability in clinical response to treatment among individuals. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) has been proposed to optimize treatment; however, some patients still experience unsatisfactory outcomes, although the blood concentrations of drugs in these patients remain in the therapeutic range. One possible reason for this is that the conventional samples (e.g., whole blood or plasma) used in TDM may not a...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - May 9, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
The potential therapeutic effect of statins in multiple sclerosis: beneficial or detrimental effects
In conclusion, the effects of statins on MS neuropathology seem to be conflicting, as statins seem to be protective in the acute phase of MS through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. However, statins lead to detrimental effects in the chronic phase of MS by reducing brain cholesterol and inhibiting the remyelination process. (Source: Inflammopharmacology)
Source: Inflammopharmacology - May 9, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Oridonin attenuates the progression of atherosclerosis by inhibiting NLRP3 and activating Nrf2 in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice
This study focused on the effects of oridonin on oxidative stress and inflammation generated from atherosclerosis. The therapeutic effect on atherosclerosis was evaluated by intraperitoneal injection of oridonin in a high-fat fedApoE−/− mouse model. We isolated mouse peritoneal macrophages and detected the effect of oridonin on oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced lipid deposition. Oil red O staining, Masson's staining, dihydroethidium fluorescence staining, immunohistochemical staining, western blotting analysis, immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative real-time PCR were used to eval...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - May 8, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Mechanism of action of quercetin in rheumatoid arthritis models: meta-analysis and systematic review of animal studies
AbstractQuercetin, a typical flavonoid derived from a common natural plant, has multiple biological activities. Previous research in animal models has demonstrated the effectiveness of quercetin in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The pharmacological effects and probable mechanisms of quercetin were evaluated in this study. Three databases, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase, were searched for relevant studies from the creation of the databases to November 2022. Methodological quality was assessed using the SYRCLE risk of bias tool. STATA 15.1 was used to perform the statistical analysis. This research included 17 studi...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - May 7, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
The role of inflammatory biomarkers in the association between rheumatoid arthritis and depression: a Mendelian randomization study
ConclusionsIn the current study the inflammatory cytokines associated with RA comorbid depression may not be the mediators that directly lead to the co-pathogenesis of RA and depression. (Source: Inflammopharmacology)
Source: Inflammopharmacology - May 6, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Daidzein attenuated paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain via the down-regulation of TRPV1/P2Y and up-regulation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling
AbstractPaclitaxel (PTX) is an anti-microtubule agent, used for the treatment of various types of cancers; however, it produces painful neuropathy which limits its use. Many neuroprotective agents have been introduced to mitigate PTX-induced neuropathic pain (PINP), but they pose many adverse effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pharmacological characteristics of soy isoflavone, and daidzein (DZ) in attenuating PINP. At the beginning of the investigation, the effect of DZ was confirmed through behavioral analysis, as it reduced pain hypersensitivity. Moreover, changes in the histological parameters were r...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - May 5, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Fractionated whole body γ-irradiation aggravates arthritic severity via boosting NLRP3 and RANKL expression in adjuvant-induced arthritis model: the mitigative potential of ebselen
This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of EB in an arthritic irradiated model. This goal was achieved by subjecting adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rats to fractionated whole body γ-irradiation (2 Gy/fraction once per week for 3 consecutive weeks, for a total dose of 6 Gy) and treating them with EB (20 mg/kg/day, p.o) or methotrexate (MTX; 0.05 mg/kg; twice/week, i.p) as a reference anti-RA drug. The arthritic clinical signs, oxidative stress and antioxidant biomarkers, inflammatory response, expression of NOD-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP-3) inflammasome, receptor activator of ...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - May 2, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Ischemic tubular injury: Oxygen-sensitive signals and metabolic reprogramming
AbstractThe kidneys are the most vulnerable organs to severe ischemic insult that results in cellular hypoxia under pathophysiological conditions. Large amounts of oxygen are consumed by the kidneys, mainly to produce energy for tubular reabsorption. Beyond high oxygen demand and the low oxygen supply, different other factors make kidneys vulnerable to ischemia which is deemed to be a major cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). On the other hand, kidneys are capable of sensing and responding to oxygen alternations to evade harms resulting from inadequate oxygen. The hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is the main conserved oxygen...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - May 2, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Protective effects of Stephania pierrei tuber-derived oxocrebanine against LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice
AbstractAcute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) have high mortality rates. Though corticosteroids are commonly used for the treatment of these conditions, their efficacy has not been conclusively demonstrated and their use can induce various adverse reactions. Hence, the application of corticosteroids as therapeutic modalities for ALI/ARDS is limited. Meanwhile, the aporphine alkaloid oxocrebanine isolated fromStephania pierrei tubers has demonstrated anti-inflammatory efficacy in murine/human macrophage cell lines stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Accordingly, the primary objectives of t...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - May 2, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Human TFF2-Fc fusion protein alleviates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in C57BL/6 mice by promoting intestinal epithelial cells repair and inhibiting macrophage inflammation
AbstractThe clinical drugs for ulcerative colitis mainly affect the inflammatory symposiums with limited outcomes and various side effects. Repairing the damaged intestinal mucosa is a promising and alternative strategy to treat ulcerative colitis. Trefoil factor family 2 (TFF2) could repair the intestinal mucosa, however, it has a short half-life in vivo. To improve the stability of TFF2, we have prepared a new fusion protein TFF2-Fc with much stability, investigated the therapeutic effect of TFF2-Fc on ulcerative colitis, and further illustrated the related mechanisms. We found that intrarectally administered TFF2-Fc all...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - May 2, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
The anti-inflammatory effects of minocycline on lipopolysaccharide-induced paw oedema in rats: a histopathological and molecular study
In conclusion, this study supports the role of minocycline as an anti-infla mmatory agent with effects comparable to those of meloxicam and methylprednisolone. (Source: Inflammopharmacology)
Source: Inflammopharmacology - April 29, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Inhibition of STAT3 phosphorylation by colchicine regulates NLRP3 activation to alleviate sepsis-induced acute lung injury
In conclusion, inhibition of STAT3 phosphorylation by colchicine represses NLRP3 promoter acetylation via the STAT3/EP300 complex, thereby alleviating ALI caused by sepsis. (Source: Inflammopharmacology)
Source: Inflammopharmacology - April 28, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
The NLRP3 inflammasome: role in the pathobiology of chronic pain
AbstractChronic pain is not only one of the most common health problems, it is often challenging to treat adequately. Chronic pain has a high prevalence globally, affecting approximately 20% of the adult population. Chronic inflammatory pain and neuropathic (nerve) pain conditions are areas of large unmet medical need because analgesic/adjuvant agents recommended for alleviation of these types of chronic pain often lack efficacy and/or they produce dose-limiting side effects. Recent work has implicated the NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3) inflammasome in the pathobiology of chronic pain, especially ...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - April 27, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Polyphenol-based targeted therapy for oral submucous fibrosis
AbstractOral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic, progressive, and precancerous condition mainly caused by chewing areca nut. Currently, OSF therapy includes intralesional injection of corticosteroids with limited therapeutic success in disease management. Therefore, a combined approach of in silico,in vitro and in vivo drug development can be helpful. Polyphenols are relatively safer than other synthetic counterparts. We used selected polyphenols to shortlist the most suitable compound by in silico tools. Based on the in silico results, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), quercetin (QUR), resveratrol, and curcumin had hi...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - April 27, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Jasminum humile (Linn) ameliorates CCl4-induced oxidative stress by regulating ER stress, inflammatory, and fibrosis markers in rats
AbstractJasminum humile (Linn) is highly valued for its medicinal properties. The pulp and decoction made from its leaves are effective for skin diseases. Juice prepared from roots is used against ringworm illness. Our current study aims to illustrate the non-toxicity and protective potential of methanol extract ofJasminum humile (JHM) against CCl4-induced oxidative stress in the liver of rats. Qualitative phytochemical screening, total flavonoids (TFC), and total phenolic content (TPC) assays were performed with JHM. The toxicity of the plant was estimated by treating female rats at different JHM doses while to assess ant...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - April 27, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
