Melatonin suppresses inflammation and blood ‒brain barrier disruption in rats with vascular dementia possibly by activating the SIRT1/PGC-1α/PPARγ signaling pathway
In this study, we aimed to explore the role and underlying mechanism of melatonin in inflammation and blood ‒brain barrier conditions in rats with CCH. Male Wistar rats were subjected to permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) to establish the VAD model. Rats were randomly divided into four groups: Sham, BCCAO, BCCAO treated with melatonin (10 mg/kg), and BCCAO treated with resverat rol (20 mg/kg). All drugs were administered once daily for 4 weeks. Our results showed that melatonin attenuated cognitive impairment, as demonstrated by the Morris water maze tests. Furthermore, melatonin reduced the a...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - April 5, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Hepatic and cardiac implications of increased toxic amyloid-beta serum level in lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation in rats: new insights into alleviating therapeutic interventions
AbstractNeuroinflammation is a devastating predisposing factor for Alzheimer ’s disease (AD). A number of clinical findings have reported peripheral disorders among AD patients. Amyloid beta (Aβ) is a toxic physiological aggregate that serves as a triggering factor for hepatic and cardiac disorders related to neurotoxicity. As a drawback of Aβ excessive accumulation in the brain, part of Aβ is believed to readily cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB) into the peripheral circulation resulting in serious inflammatory and toxic cascades acting as a direct bridge to cardiac and hepatic pathophysiology. The main aim is to...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - April 5, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Fatigue, sleepiness and sleep quality are SARS-CoV-2 variant independent in patients with long COVID symptoms
AbstractAcute infections with SARS-CoV-2 variants of concerns (VOCs) differ in clinical presentation. Discrepancies in their long-term sequelae, commonly referred to as long COVID, however, remain to be explored. We retrospectively analyzed data of 287 patients presented at the post-COVID care of the Pulmonology Department, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary, and infected with SARS-CoV-2 during a period of 3 major epidemic waves in Hungary (February –July 2021, VOC: B.1.1.7, Alpha, N = 135; August–December 2021, VOC: B.1.617.2, Delta, N = 89; and January–June 2022, VOC: B.1.1.529, Omicron; N = 63),...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - April 5, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Diosmin nanocrystal gel alleviates imiquimod-induced psoriasis in rats via modulating TLR7,8/NF- κB/micro RNA-31, AKT/mTOR/P70S6K milieu, and Tregs/Th17 balance
AbstractDiosmin is a flavonoid with promising anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, it has difficult physicochemical characteristics since its solubility demands a pH level of 12, which has an impact on the drug ’s bioavailability. The aim of this work is the development and characterization of diosmin nanocrystals using anti-solvent precipitation technique to be used for topical treatment of psoriasis. Results revealed that diosmin nanocrystals stabilized with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC E15) in ratio (diosmin:polymer; 1:1) reached the desired particle size (276.9 ± 16.49 nm); provided pro...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - April 3, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
UHPLC –MS and GC–MS phytochemical profiling, amelioration of pain and inflammation with chloroform extract of Funaria hygrometrica Hedw. via modulation of inflammatory biomarkers
AbstractPeople of Pakistan have undisturbed customs for the employment of medicinal plants for healthcare requisites. Chloroform extract ofF. hygrometrica (CE FH) was examined for its ability to reduce inflammation and to produce analgesia. Carrageenan and formalin-induced paw edema model for inflammatory activity, hot-plate and tail-flick methods to assess analgesic activity were executed. Phytochemical analysis was done by UHPLC –MS and GC–mass spectrometer. The results demonstrated that in carrageenan-induced paw edema, maximum reduction in inflammation was observed at 5th hour at the dose 100 mg/kg; while at doses...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - April 3, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Citral protects against LPS-induced endometritis by inhibiting ferroptosis through activating Nrf2 signaling pathway
ConclusionTaken together, citral inhibited LPS-induced endometritis through preventing ferroptosis, which were regulated by Nrf2 signaling pathway. (Source: Inflammopharmacology)
Source: Inflammopharmacology - April 3, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Immunomodulatory effects of umbilical mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes on CD4+ T cells in patients with primary Sj ögren's syndrome
ConclusionsThe study indicated that UCMSC-Exos exerts an immunomodulatory effect on the CD4+ T cells, and maybe as a new treatment for pSS. (Source: Inflammopharmacology)
Source: Inflammopharmacology - April 3, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Immune cell targeted fumaric esters support a role of GPR109A as a primary target of monomethyl fumarate in vivo
AbstractDimethyl fumarate (DMF) is approved as a treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS), however, its mode of action remains unclear. One hypothesis proposes that Michael addition to thiols by DMF, notably glutathione is immunomodulatory. The alternative proposes that monomethyl fumarate (MMF), the hydrolysis product of DMF, is a ligand to the fatty acid receptor GPR109A found in the lysosomes of immune cells. We prepared esters of MMF and macrolides derived from azithromycin, which were tropic to immune cells by virtue of lysosomal trapping. We tested the effects of these substances in an assay of response to Lipopolysacch...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - April 1, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Cassia absus-mediated upregulation of IL-4, IL-10 and downregulation of IL-1 β, IL-6, TNF- α, NF-κB, IFN-γ in CFA-induced arthritis model
AbstractTraditional use ofCassia absus as an anti-inflammatory in conjunctivitis and bronchitis is well reported. Owing to its anti-inflammatory potential, the current study appraised in vivo anti-arthritic activity of n-hexane and aqueous extracts ofCassia absus seeds (200 mg/kg) using Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) rat model of arthritis. Changes in paw size (mm), joint diameter (mm), and pain response (sec) were recorded at the baseline and then after CFA induction at the interval of 4 days till the 28th day. Blood samples of anesthetized rats were collected for the estimation of hematological, oxidative, and inf...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - April 1, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Curcumin and chemokines: mechanism of action and therapeutic potential in inflammatory diseases
AbstractChemokines belong to the family of cytokines with chemoattractant properties that regulate chemotaxis and leukocyte migration, as well as the induction of angiogenesis and maintenance of hemostasis. Curcumin, the major component of theCurcuma longa rhizome, has various pharmacological actions, including anti-inflammatory, immune-regulatory, anti-oxidative, and lipid-modifying properties. Chemokines and chemokine receptors are influenced/modulated by curcumin. Thus, the current review focuses on the molecular mechanisms associated with curcumin's effects on chemoattractant cytokines, as well as putting into context ...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - March 30, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Review of natural compounds for potential psoriasis treatment
AbstractPsoriasis represents an immune-mediated disease with an unclear cause that ’s marked by inflammation triggered by dysfunction in the immune system, which results in inflammation in various parts of the skin. There could be obvious symptoms, such as elevated plaques; these plaques may appear differently depending on the type of skin. This disease can cause inflammation in the elbows, lower back, scalp, knees, or other regions of the body. It can begin at any age, although it most commonly affects individuals between the ages of 50 and 60. Specific cells (such as T cells) have been observed to play an obvious role ...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - March 30, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
The amyloid hypothesis revisited: are monoclonal antibodies truly effective?
(Source: Inflammopharmacology)
Source: Inflammopharmacology - March 30, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Chrysophanol exerts a protective effect against A β25-35-induced Alzheimer’s disease model through regulating the ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway
ConclusionsCHR exerts neuroprotective effects on the A β25-35-induced AD model mainly by reducing oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, and the mechanism may be related to ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling pathway. (Source: Inflammopharmacology)
Source: Inflammopharmacology - March 28, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Introduction to the ‘long COVID’ special issue
(Source: Inflammopharmacology)
Source: Inflammopharmacology - March 28, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Thalidomide interaction with inflammation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
AbstractThe “Thalidomide tragedy” is a landmark in the history of the pharmaceutical industry. Despite limited clinical trials, there is a continuous effort to investigate thalidomide as a drug for cancer and inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, lepromatous leprosy, and COVID-19. This review focuses on the possibilities of targeting inflammation by repurposing thalidomide for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Articles were searched from the Scopus database, sorted, and selected articles were reviewed. The content includes the proven mechanisms of action of thalidomid e relevant to IPF...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - March 25, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
