Malvidin alleviates LPS-induced septic intestinal injury through the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/reactive oxygen species/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway
AbstractEmerging evidence suggests that the gastrointestinal tract plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of sepsis, a leading cause of mortality among patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Malvidin, belonging to the flavonoid family of compounds, exhibits a range of capabilities including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Studies have demonstrated that Malvidin exhibits a dose-dependent effect in mitigating sepsis-induced intestinal injury. The advantageous impact of Malvidin in safeguarding against sepsis-induced intestinal injury is associated with its capacity to counteract oxidative stre...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - December 15, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Intravenous immunoglobulin for treatment of hospitalized COVID-19 patients: an evidence mapping and meta-analysis
ConclusionVery low to moderate certainty of evidence indicated IVIg may not improve the clinical outcomes of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Given the discrepancy between the random- and fixed-effects model results, further large-scale and well-designed RCTs are warranted. (Source: Inflammopharmacology)
Source: Inflammopharmacology - December 14, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Inhibition of TLR4, NF- κB, and INOS pathways mediates ameliorative effect of syringic acid in experimental ulcerative colitis in rats
ConclusionSA via attenuation of the TLR4-NF- κB, NF-κB-INOS-NO pathways, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis of UC in rats.Graphical abstract (Source: Inflammopharmacology)
Source: Inflammopharmacology - December 14, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Targeting cardiovascular risk factors with eugenol: an anti-inflammatory perspective
AbstractInflammation is a multifaceted biological reaction to a wide range of stimuli, and it has been linked to the onset and progression of chronic diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and diabetes. Inflammatory markers found in the blood, including C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A, fibrinogen, plasma viscosity, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, interleukin-6, and soluble adhesion molecules (like intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1), are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease. These markers play a crucial rol...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - December 12, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Using aspirin to prevent and treat cancer
AbstractThis review will discuss evidence that aspirin possesses anticancer activity. Long-term observational retrospective studies on nurses and health professionals demonstrated that regular aspirin users had a significantly lower incidence of colorectal cancer (RCT). Prospective studies on patients with a high risk of developing colorectal polyps/cancer confirmed that aspirin use significantly lowered colorectal dysplasia. Numerous observational studies focused on the use of aspirin in a broad range of cancers demonstrating a consistent 20 –30% preventive effect on cancer incidence and mortality. Random Controlled Tri...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - December 8, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Natural agents as wound-healing promoters
AbstractThe management of acute and chronic wounds resulting from diverse injuries poses a significant challenge to clinical practices and healthcare providers. Wound healing is a complex biological process driven by a natural physiological response. This process involves four distinct phases, namely hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Despite numerous investigations on wound healing and wound dressing materials, complications still persist, necessitating more efficacious therapies. Wound-healing materials can be categorized into natural and synthetic groups. The current study aims to provide a compreh...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - December 7, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Assessment of antiarthritic potential of Asparagus dumosus using formaldehyde and CFA-induced arthritic models in rats via modulation of oxidative stress biomarkers and mRNA expression of IL-1b, IL-6, RANKL, OPG, TNF- α and COX-2
This study was aimed to explore the antiarthritic potential ofA. dumosus in formaldehyde and complete Freund ’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritic rats. Body weight, arthritic index, hepatic oxidative stress, hematological, biochemical and inflammatory markers were assessed using ELISA, whilst qRT-PCR studies were carried out for the mRNA expression of IL-1b, IL-6, RANKL, OPG, TNF-α and COX-2 genes. GCMS and HPLC analysis were performed to identify the secondary metabolites ofA. dumosus. From day 8 to 28 post-administration of formaldehyde and CFA, oral administration ofA. dumosus (600, 300 and 150  mg/kg) showed a notew...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - December 7, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Resveratrol protects against Schistosoma mansoni-induced liver fibrosis by targeting the Sirt-1/NF- κB axis
AbstractHepatic schistosomiasis is a prevalent form of chronic liver disease that drastically affects human health. Nevertheless, an antifibrotic drug that could suppress the development of hepatic fibrosis does not exist yet. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of resveratrol, a natural polyphenol with multiple biological activities, onSchistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni)-induced hepatic fibrosis and delineate the underlying molecular mechanism. Swiss male albino mice were randomly assigned into infected and non-infected groups. Hepatic schistosomiasis infection was induced via exposure toS. mansoni cercariae. 6  ...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - December 2, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Empagliflozin repurposing in Parkinson ’s disease; modulation of oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, AMPK/SIRT-1/PGC-1α, and wnt/β-catenin pathways
AbstractParkinson's disease is a neuroprogressive disorder characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta. Empagliflozin (EMPA), a SGLT-2 inhibitor, is an oral hypoglycemic agent with reported anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The current study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of EMPA in rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease. Rats were randomly distributed among five groups as follows: control, rotenone (2  mg/kg), rotenone + EMPA (10 mg/kg), rotenone + EMPA (20 mg/kg), and EMPA (20 mg/kg) groups. They were treated for 30 consecutive days. Rotenone reduced lo...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - December 1, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Therapeutic potential and possible mechanisms of ginseng for depression associated with COVID-19
AbstractRecently, a global outbreak of COVID-19 has rapidly spread to various national regions. As the number of COVID-19 patients has increased, some of those infected with SARS-CoV-2 have developed a variety of psychiatric symptoms, including depression, cognitive impairment, and fatigue. A distinct storm of inflammatory factors that contribute to the initial disease but also a persistent post-acute phase syndrome has been reported in patients with COVID-19. Neuropsychological symptoms including depression, cognitive impairment, and fatigue are closely related to circulating and local (brain) inflammatory factors. Natura...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - November 27, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Ibuprofen inhibits anaplastic thyroid cells in vivo and in vitro by triggering NLRP3-ASC-GSDMD-dependent pyroptosis
In this study, we demonstrated in vitro and in vivo that ibuprofen can induce ATC pyroptosis. Hence, we treated C643 and OCUT-2C ATC cells with ibuprofen and found that several dying cells presented the characteristic morphological features of pyroptosis, such as bubble-like swell ing and membrane rupture, accompanied by activation of ASC and NLRP3 and cleavage of GSDMD. Along with the increased release of LDH, ibuprofen treatment promoted apoptosis and inhibited viability, invasion, and migration. However, overexpression of GSDMD significantly inhibited ibuprofen-induced pyr optosis. In vivo, research has demonstrated tha...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - November 24, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Synthesis of novel nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory galloyl β-sitosterol-loaded lignin-capped Ag-based drug
AbstractBiocompatible anti-inflammatory lignin-capped Ag (LCAg) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized for the delivery of galloylβ-sitosterol (Galloyl-BS).β-Sitosterol (BS) is effective against inflammatory responses, like cancer-induced inflammations. BS was modified via gallic acid esterification to enhance its anti-inflammatory potential. LCAg NPs were synthesized by a green method  and loaded with galloyl-BS. For comparison, pure BS was also loaded onto LCAg NPs in a separate assembly. The antioxidant potential of Galloyl-BS was greater (IC50 177 µM) than pure BS. Materials were characterized by FT-IR, SEM, XRD, and...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - November 23, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

L-Carnitine augments probenecid anti-inflammatory effect in monoiodoacetate-induced knee osteoarthritis in rats: involvement of miRNA-373/P2X7/NLRP3/NF- κB milieu
In conclusion, l-carnitine augmented the probenecid’s anti-inflammatory effect to attenuate MIA-induced osteoarthritis in rats by provoking the miRNA-373 level and inhibiting the P2X7/NLRP3/NF-κB milieu, leading to the suppression of serum inflammatory cytokines: IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6, and TNF-α. These findings suggest the possibility of using probenecid and l-carnitine as a useful therapeutic option for treatment of osteoarthritis.Graphical abstract (Source: Inflammopharmacology)
Source: Inflammopharmacology - November 23, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Liensinine reduces acute lung injury brought on by lipopolysaccharide by inhibiting the activation of the NF- κB signaling pathway through modification of the Src/TRAF6/TAK1 axis
This study aimed to investigate the impact of LIEN on ALI and elucidate its molecular mechanisms. A total of thirty-six male BALB/c mice altogether were split into six groups: Control, LPS (10  mg/kg), Low (10 mg/kg LIEN + 10 mg/kg LPS), Middle (20 mg/kg LIEN + 10 mg/kg LPS), High (40 mg/kg LIEN + 10 mg/kg LPS), and DEX (2 mg/kg DEX + 10 mg/kg LPS). Lung tissue injury, pulmonary edema, and inflammatory factor levels were evaluated in lung tissues and LPS-stimulate d bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM). TAK1 activation, TRAF6 ubiquitination, and their interactions were assessed to understand the ...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - November 23, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Linking NLRP3 inflammasome and pulmonary fibrosis: mechanistic insights and promising therapeutic avenues
AbstractPulmonary fibrosis is a devastating disorder distinguished by redundant inflammation and matrix accumulation in the lung interstitium. The early inflammatory cascade coupled with recurring tissue injury orchestrates a set of events marked by perturbed matrix hemostasis, deposition of matrix proteins, and remodeling in lung tissue. Numerous investigations have corroborated a direct correlation between the NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) activation and the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Dysregulated activation of NLRP3 within the pulmonary microenvironment exacerbates inflammation and may incite fibr...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - November 22, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research