Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Carbohydrate Availability as a Regulator of Energy Balance With Exercise
We explore the novel hypothesis that carbohydrate availability is involved in the regulation of energy balance with exercise, via hormonal and neural signals. We propose that carbohydrate availability could play a direct mechanistic role and partially explain previously documented relations between a more active lifestyle and tighter control of energy balance. (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - September 18, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Articles Source Type: research

A Framework to Evaluate Devices That Assess Physical Behavior
Body-worn devices that estimate physical behavior have tremendous potential to address key research gaps. However, there is no consensus on how devices and processing methods should be developed and evaluated, resulting in large differences in summary estimates and confusion for end users. We propose a phase-based framework for developing and evaluating devices that emphasizes robust validation studies in naturalistic conditions. (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - September 18, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Perspectives for Progress Source Type: research

Female Athlete Triad and Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport: A Focus on Scientific Rigor
We examine the scientific evidence supporting The Female Athlete Triad and Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) syndromes. More research is necessary to advance the understanding of both syndromes; however, it is premature to consider RED-S as an evidence-based syndrome. Future research should specifically define RED-S components, determine its clinical relevance, and establish the causality of relative energy deficiency on RED-S outcomes. (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - September 18, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Perspectives for Progress Source Type: research

Priscilla M. Clarkson 2019 Undergraduate Travel Award
No abstract available (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - September 18, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: 2019 Undergraduate Travel Award Source Type: research

Resistance Exercise-Induced Hypertrophy: A Potential Role for Rapamycin-Insensitive mTOR
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) exerts both rapamycin-sensitive and rapamycin-insensitive signaling events, and the rapamycin-sensitive components of mTOR signaling have been widely implicated in the pathway through which resistance exercise induces skeletal muscle hypertrophy. This review explores the hypothesis that rapamycin-insensitive components of mTOR signaling also contribute to this highly important process. (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - June 16, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Using Integrated Research-Practice Partnerships to Move Evidence-Based Principles Into Practice
The implementation of evidence-based physical activity interventions is improved when integrated research-practice partnerships are used. These partnerships consider both research- and practice-based evidence that moves beyond only assessing program efficacy. Our novel hypothesis is that integrated research-practice partnerships may lead to interventions that are practical and effective, reach more participants, and are more likely to be sustained in practice. (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - June 16, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Articles Source Type: research

The Panacea of Human Aging: Calorie Restriction Versus Exercise
Primary aging is the progressive decline in health and fitness and depends on metabolic rate and oxidative stress. Untoward changes in body composition and metabolic function characterize secondary aging. We hypothesize that both exercise and calorie restriction (CR) improve secondary aging, but only CR improves primary. However, CR followed with exercise is a superior strategy to maintain overall health and quality of life with age. (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - June 16, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Articles Source Type: research

A Principle of Neuromechanical Matching for Motor Unit Recruitment in Human Movement
We describe a principle of motor unit recruitment by neuromechanical matching due to mechanisms in the spinal cord that sculpt descending drive to motoneurons. This principle may be applicable to movements in nonrespiratory muscles. (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - June 16, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Exercise-Induced Mitophagy in Skeletal Muscle and Heart
Regular exercise enhances mitochondrial function by promoting healthy mitochondrial remodeling, but the underlying mechanisms are not thoroughly understood. An emerging hypothesis suggests that, in addition to anabolic events such as mitochondria biogenesis, the selective degradation of dysfunctional mitochondria (i.e., mitophagy) also is a key component of exercise-mediated adaptations in striated muscle, which eventually leads to better mitochondrial functions. (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - June 16, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Sex Differences in the Pulmonary System Influence the Integrative Response to Exercise
Healthy women have proportionally smaller lungs and airways compared with height-matched men. These anatomical sex-based differences result in greater mechanical ventilatory constraints and may influence the integrative response to exercise. Our review will examine this hypothesis in healthy humans in the context of dynamic whole-body exercise. (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - June 16, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Arterial Baroreflex Resetting During Exercise in Humans: Underlying Signaling Mechanisms
The arterial baroreflex (ABR) resets during exercise in an intensity-dependent manner to operate around a higher blood pressure with maintained sensitivity. This review provides a historical perspective of ABR resetting and the involvement of other neural reflexes in mediating exercise resetting. Furthermore, we discuss potential underlying signaling mechanisms that may contribute to exercise ABR resetting in physiological and pathophysiological conditions. (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - June 16, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Perspective for Progress Source Type: research

Moving Research Translation on Physical Activity to Center Stage
No abstract available (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - June 16, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Commentary to Accompany Source Type: research

Regulation of Body Temperature by Autonomic and Behavioral Thermoeffectors
Thermoregulation is accomplished via autonomic and behavioral responses. Autonomic responses may influence decisions to behaviorally thermoregulate. For instance, in addition to changes in body temperature, skin wettedness and involuntary muscle contraction, which occur subsequent to sweating and shivering, likely modulate thermal behavior. This autonomic-behavioral interaction provides the rationale for our hypothesis that thermoregulatory behavior decreases the requirement for autonomic responses. (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - March 16, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Muscle Fiber Splitting Is a Physiological Response to Extreme Loading in Animals
Skeletal muscle fiber branching and splitting typically is associated with damage and regeneration and is considered pathological when observed during loading-induced hypertrophy. We hypothesize that fiber splitting is a nonpathological component of extreme loading and hypertrophy, which is primarily supported by evidence in animals, and propose that the mechanisms and consequences of fiber splitting deserve further exploration. (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - March 16, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Considering Type 1 Diabetes as a Form of Accelerated Muscle Aging
Recent evidence reveals impairments to skeletal muscle health in adolescent/young adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Interestingly, the observed changes in T1D are not unlike aged muscle, particularly, the alterations to mitochondria. Thus, we put forth the novel hypothesis that T1D may be considered a condition of accelerated muscle aging and that, similar to aging, mitochondrial dysfunction is a primary contributor to this complication. (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - March 16, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Articles Source Type: research