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Raising an Active and Healthy Generation: A Comprehensive Public Health Initiative
Physical activity (PA) provides important health benefits to youth, but most U.S. children and adolescents fail to meet federal PA guidelines. The purpose of this article is to present a plan for a large-scale public health initiative aimed at producing population-level increases in PA among U.S. youth. (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - December 15, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Perspective for Progress Source Type: research

Estrogens Are for More Than Just Reproductive Endocrinology
No abstract available (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - December 15, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Commentary to Accompany Source Type: research

From the Editor
No abstract available (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - December 15, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Response
No abstract available (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - September 15, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

“Live High-Train Low” Paradigm: Moving the Debate Forward
No abstract available (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - September 15, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Exercise and Bariatric Surgery: An Effective Therapeutic Strategy
The long-term efficacy of bariatric surgery is not entirely clear, and weight regain and diabetes relapse are problems for some patients. Exercise is a feasible and clinically effective adjunct therapy for bariatric surgery patients. We hypothesize that exercise is also a critical factor for long-term weight loss maintenance and lasting remission of type 2 diabetes. (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - September 15, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Dietary Nitrate Enhances the Contractile Properties of Human Skeletal Muscle
We present the hypothesis that this is due to nitrosylation of the ryanodine receptor and increased NO signaling via the soluble guanyl cyclase-cyclic guanosine monophosphate-protein kinase G pathway, which together increase the free intracellular Ca2+ concentration along with the Ca2+ sensitivity of the myofilaments themselves. (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - September 15, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Resistance Exercise’s Ability to Reverse Cancer-Induced Anabolic Resistance
Skeletal muscle has the dynamic capability to modulate protein turnover in response to anabolic stimuli, such as feeding and contraction. We propose that anabolic resistance, the suppressed ability to induce protein synthesis, is central to cancer-induced muscle wasting. Furthermore, we propose that resistance exercise training has the potential to attenuate or treat cancer-induced anabolic resistance through improvements in oxidative metabolism. (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - September 15, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Performance Fatigability Is Not Regulated to A Peripheral Critical Threshold
The critical threshold hypothesis proposes that performance fatigability during high-intensity exercise is tightly regulated by negative-feedback signals from the active muscles. We propose that performance fatigability is simply dependent on the exercise mode and intensity; the consequent adjustments, in skeletal muscle and the other physiological systems that support exercise, interact to modulate fatigue and determine exercise tolerance. (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - September 15, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Modulation of Energy Expenditure by Estrogens and Exercise in Women
Reducing estrogen in women results in decreases in energy expenditure, but the mechanism(s) remain largely unknown. We postulate that the loss of estrogens in women is associated with increased accumulation of bone marrow–derived adipocytes in white adipose tissue, decreased activity of brown adipose tissue, and reduced levels of physical activity. Regular exercise may counteract the effects of estrogen deficiency. (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - September 15, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Modeling Overuse Injuries in Sport as a Mechanical Fatigue Phenomenon
This paper postulates that overuse injury in sport is a biomechanical event resulting from the mechanical fatigue of biological tissue. A theoretical foundation and operational framework necessary to model overuse injury as a mechanical fatigue phenomenon is introduced. Adopting this framework may provide a more mechanistic understanding of overuse injury and inform training and preventive strategies to reduce their occurrence. (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - September 15, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Protective Effects of Exercise on Cognition and Brain Health in Older Adults
Accelerated trajectories of cognitive decline in older adults may increase the risk of developing Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRD). Physical activity has potential modifying effects on these changes that could prevent or delay ADRD. This review explores the hypothesis that multiple, mutually complimentary, and interacting factors explain the positive association between exercise and the optimization of cognition in older adults. (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - September 15, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Articles Source Type: research

The Renin-Angiotensin System and Skeletal Muscle
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a key role in the control of blood pressure and fluid homeostasis. Emerging evidence also reveals that hyperactivity of the RAS contributes to skeletal muscle wasting. This review discusses the key role that the RAS plays in skeletal muscle wasting due to congestive heart failure, chronic kidney disease, and ventilator-induced diaphragmatic wasting. (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - September 15, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Perspective for Progress Source Type: research

Peripheral Fatigue: Has Another “Threshold” Bitten the Dust?
No abstract available (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - September 15, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Commentary to Accompany Source Type: research

Priscilla M. Clarkson Undergraduate Travel Award
No abstract available (Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews)
Source: Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - September 15, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Clarkson Undergraduate Travel Award Source Type: research