European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Impact of therapeutic drug monitoring of antibiotics in the management of infective endocarditis
AbstractTreatment of infective endocarditis (IE) is based on high doses of antibiotics with a prolonged duration. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) allows antibiotic prescription optimization and leads to a personalized medicine, but no study evaluates its interest in the management of IE. We conducted a retrospective, bicentric, descriptive study, from January 2007 to December 2019. We included patients cared for IE, defined according to Duke ’s criteria, for whom a TDM was requested. Clinical and microbiological data were collected after patients’ charts review. We considered a trough or steady-state concentration ta...
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - August 19, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Ceftazidime –avibactam treatment in bacteremia caused by OXA-48 carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae
The objective of this study was to analyze clinical success of CAZ-AVI compared with best available therapy (BAT) in patients withKlebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing OXA-48-type bacteremia (CRKp-OXA-48). We conducted a retrospective, single-center observational study in adult patients with CRKp-OXA-48 between December 2015 and May 2019. We collected the patients ’ clinical and epidemiological characteristics, antibiotic treatment (CAZ-AVI vs. BAT), and evolution. Factors associated with clinical success were analyzed using binary logistic regression. The study included 76 patients with CRKp-OXA-48-type bacterem...
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - August 8, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Implementation of Chromatic Super CAZ/AVI ® medium for active surveillance of ceftazidime-avibactam resistance: preventing the loop from becoming a spiral
AbstractAcquired resistance towards ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) is increasingly reported. Several mechanisms can be involved, but mutations in the Ω-loop region of β-lactamases are the most described. Herein, we assessed the implementation of Chromatic Super CAZ/AVI® medium in rectal swab surveillance cultures in a geographic area with endemic distribution of KPC-producingKlebsiella pneumoniae. Routine rectal swabs collected from the intensive care unit (ICU) and non-ICU patients were screened for carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE), carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative organisms (CR-GN) and CAZ-AVI-resista...
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - August 6, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Genome-wide association study of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Chinese population
AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global public health concern. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between genetic variants and SARS-CoV-2 infection and the COVID-19 severity in Chinese population. A total of 256 individuals including 87 symptomatic patients (tested positive for SARS-CoV-2), 84 asymptomatic cases, and 85 close contacts of confirmed patients (tested negative for SARS-CoV-2) were recruited from February 2020 to May 2020. We carried out the whole exome genome sequencing between the individuals and conducted a genetic association study for SARS-CoV-2 infection and the C...
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - August 4, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Treatment duration for central line-associated infection caused by Enterococcus spp.: a retrospective evaluation of a multicenter cohort
AbstractObjective of this study was to assess the appropriate treatment duration for enterococcal central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs). This observational, retrospective, multicenter study conducted between 2011 and 2019 enrolled all hospitalized patients with monomicrobial enterococcal CLABSI. Those with infective endocarditis and non-survivors at least 7  days from index blood culture (BC) were excluded. Primary endpoint was 30-day mortality. We enrolled 113 patients, of whom 59% were male, median age was 64 (SD ± 15) and median Charlson’s index score 5 (IQR 3–8).Enterococcus faecalis andEn...
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - August 1, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Real-world effectiveness of casirivimab plus indevimab in a dedicated ambulatory unit created for patients with early COVID-19 during a massive delta variant wave
AbstractOnly limited real-life data are available on the effects of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies in high-risk patients who have early COVID-19 and do not require supplemental oxygen. We prospectively studied 217 patients infected by the delta variant who received casirivimab plus indevimab in a dedicated ambulatory unit created during our 4th COVID wave. Mean age was 64  years, 94% had at least one comorbidity, and mean duration of symptoms was 2.9 days. Oxygen requirement, hospitalization, and mortality rates were 10, 6, and 2.8%, respectively. These results suggest benefits of early administration of neutralizing...
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - July 27, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Transition between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacteria in recurrent “tuberculosis” patients
In conclusion, our results demonstrate that a proportion of previously diagnosed recurrent TB cases are attributed to the transition between MTB and N TM, highlighting the significance of species identification prior to initiation of treatment. The recurrence of mycobacterial diseases is majorly noted within 1 year after treatment completion. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - July 26, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Clinical and microbiological characteristics of reflux cholangitis following bilio-enteric anastomosis
AbstractTwenty-five patients with reflux cholangitis (RC) defined as acute cholangitis (AC) with normal abdominal imaging occurring  >  3 months after bilioenteric anastomosis were described and compared to 116 AC patients with biliary obstruction (tumoral, lithiasis). RC episodes occurred a median 4.5 months after surgery; 18 (72%) had recurrent RC (n ≥ 3). RC episodes were less severe than obstructive AC; the outcome was favorable with short antibiotic courses and no selection of antibiotic-resistance. However, multiple recurrent RC occurred in 20 patients (80%). Prophylactic or pre-emptive antibiotics wer...
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - July 18, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

A side-by-side comparison of the performance and time-and-motion data of VITEK MS
AbstractMatrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry systems are designed for rapid and reliable microbial identification. VITEK MS PRIME is the bioM érieux’s new generation instrument equipped with a continuous load-and-go sample loading system, urgent slide prioritization for critical patient samples and new internal components for faster identification. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of VITEK MS PRIME and to compare it to that of the VITEK MS system. In addition, at two sites, we performed a time-and-motion study to evaluate the efficiency of sample ana...
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - July 16, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Brief report: community-acquired Friedlander ’s pneumonia and pulmonary metastatic Klebsiella pneumoniae infection caused by hypervirulent ST23 in the Netherlands
AbstractInfections with hypervirulentKlebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) commonly presents with primary liver infection, bacteremia, and metastatic abscesses. Here, we present 2 cases of severe community-acquired pulmonary infections by hvKp in patients in the Netherlands without recent travel history. Both bacterial isolates are closely related to an archetype ST23 hvKp reference isolate. Based on these findings, surveillance programs on hvKp may consider to include isolates from community-acquired pneumonia byK. pneumoniae. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - July 5, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Lyme neuroborreliosis: warning about the risk of false negative of CSF Borrelia burgdorferi antibody index related to high level of CSF albumin
(Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - July 5, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Fusidic acid in a tertiary hospital: an observational study focusing on prescriptions, tolerance and susceptibility of Staphylococcus and Cutibacterium spp. strains from bone samples
AbstractAdverse drug reactions of broad-spectrum fluoroquinolones or rifampicin are not uncommon during osteomyelitis and orthopaedic implant infections (OOII). Thus, we made an overview (i) of the prescription of fusidic acid (FA) and (ii) of FA susceptibility ofStaphylococcus sp. andCutibacterium sp. strains isolated from bone samples. All prescriptions of FA and all bone samples with positive culture forStaphylococcus sp. orCutibacterium sp. (Reims University Hospital June 2017 –May 2021) were included. AllStaphylococcus aureus strains were considered as significant, whereasCoagulase-negative Staphylococcus andCutibac...
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - July 2, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Mycoplasma pneumoniae multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis genotypes are associated with inflammatory biomarker levels in children with lower respiratory tract infections
AbstractThe multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) typing method is commonly used inMycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) epidemiology. It remains unknown if clinical manifestations of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in children differ between different MLVA genotypes. We aimed to determine if specificM. pneumoniae MLVA genotypes indicate the severity of LRTI in children. We performed a retrospective study of children younger than 18  years with signs of acuteM. pneumoniae LRTI from January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2014. All patients who were PCR-positive forM. pneumoniae from pharyngeal swabs ...
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - June 29, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Impact of medical and pharmaceutical interventions on anti-infective prescriptions: an observational study
AbstractAppropriate prescribing of anti-infectives is a public health challenge. In our hospital, clinical microbiologists (clinical microbiology mobile unit, UMMc) and clinical pharmacists (clinical pharmacy, PHAc) carry out interventions on anti-infective prescriptions to improve practices. Our main objective was to evaluate the acceptance of UMMc and PHAc interventions on anti-infective prescriptions by quantifying the rate of prescription change 24  h after intervention. The secondary objective was to characterize the type of intervention and associate the rate of change for each. All prescriptions are computerized, a...
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - June 25, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Evaluation of a pneumonia multiplex PCR panel for detection of bacterial respiratory tract pathogens from serial specimens collected from hospitalized COVID-19 patients
AbstractWe investigated the concordance between the Unyvero Hospitalized Pneumonia (HPN) application and quantitative culture for detection of bacterial pathogens from serial lower respiratory tract (LRT) specimens collected from the same subject. Comparison of results from HPN application and culture was evaluated using 69 LRT samples from 27 subjects, using two evaluation approaches. False positive detections by the HPN application was 29% (20/69) in Evaluation I vs 10% (7/68) in Evaluation II. Additional pathogens detected by the HPN application could be confirmed in many instances by culture positivity for the same org...
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - June 21, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research