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Association of scrub typhus with the risk of venous thromboembolism and long-term mortality: a population-based cohort study
ConclusionThe scrub typhus patients showed a 16% higher risk of long-term mortality. For those in scrub typhus cohort below 55 years of age, the risk of developing DVT was 1.59 times higher, and the risk of mortality was 1.75 times higher. Age acted as an effect modifier influencing the relationship between scrub typhus and risk of new-onset DVT and death. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - March 12, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Host-parasite interaction in severe and uncomplicated malaria infection in ghanaian children
ConclusionCritical roles played by SOD activity and cytokines as anti-parasitic defense duringP. falciparum malaria infection in children were established. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - March 12, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Unmasking Bartonella henselae infection in the shadows of long COVID thanks to clinical metagenomics
AbstractThe diagnosis of long COVID often relies on symptoms post-COVID-19, occasionally lacking biological evidence. This case study illustrates how investigating long COVID uncovered an underlying bartonellosis through clinical metagenomics. Following mild COVID-19, a 26-year-old woman experienced persistent symptoms during 5 months, including axillary adenopathy. Pathological examination, 16  S rRNA PCR, and clinical metagenomic analysis were done on an adenopathy biopsy. The latter revealedBartonella henselae DNA and RNA. Treatment with clarithromycin improved symptoms. This case underscores the relevance of clinical ...
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - March 12, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Human Campylobacter spp. infections in Italy
ConclusionCampylobacter resistance to fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines in Italy is decreasing but is still high, while macrolides retain good activity. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - March 12, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Does selective digestive decontamination (SDD) increase antibiotic resistance? Long-term comparison of two intensive care units (with and without SDD) of the same tertiary hospital
ConclusionsSDD had neither a clinically relevant impact on emergence and spread of resistance, nor in the overall systemic antimicrobial use. The patient type rather than the SDD protocol showed to condition the ecology and therefore, the resistance rate in the ICUs. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - March 9, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Carbapenem or new β-lactam-β-lactamase inhibitors? An Italian survey supported by SITA, SIMIT and SIAARTI to identify the factors affecting empiric antimicrobial therapy choice in real-life clinical practice
AbstractWhile a tailored antibiotic treatment plan is often straightforward, what we often observe in daily clinical practice is a highly variable approach when defining empirical therapy. Specifically, a debate exists on preference to spare the new β-lactams and β-lactamase inhibitors (BL-BLIs) or to apply a carbapenem-sparing strategy first. To investigate, we designed a web survey aimed at investigating the variables considered relevant to empirically choosing one antibiotic over the other. Submitted to Italian infectious diseases and inte nsive care physicians through the support of Società Italiana di Malattie Infe...
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - March 8, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Intraventricular or intrathecal polymyxin B for treatment of post-neurosurgical intracranial infection caused by carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria: a 8-year retrospective study
ConclusionsIntravenous combined with IVT/ITH polymyxin B increased CSF microbiological eradication and improved clinical outcomes. CRKP intracranial infections may lead to more difficult treatment and thus warrant attention and further optimized treatment. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - March 5, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Hybrid capture shotgun sequencing detected unexpected viruses in the cerebrospinal fluid of children with acute meningitis and encephalitis
ConclusionThis study highlights HCSS as a powerful tool for the investigation of undiagnosed cases of M/ME. Data generated must be carefully analysed and reasonable precautions must be taken before establishing association of clinical features with unexpected or novel virus findings. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - March 4, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Evaluation of CLINITEST ® Rapid Covid-19 + Influenza antigen test in a cohort of symptomatic patients in an emergency department
ConclusionsThe sensitivity of the RCIA test is insufficient for screening of patients, including patients with low Ct values (Ct  >  20). Despite its good specificity and Cohen’s kappa value, its use as a screening test is not comparable to RT-PCR systems in the ED environment with a high number of false negative results. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - February 29, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Successful treatment of sino-pulmonary infection & amp; skull base osteomyelitis caused by New Delhi metallo- β-lactamase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a renal transplant recipient by using an investigational antibiotic cefepime/zidebactam (WCK 5222)
AbstractA case of sino-pulmonary infection with skull base osteomyelitis due to XDR-Pseudomonas aeruginosa in renal transplant recipient was successfully treated with investigational antibiotic, cefepime/zidebactam (WCK 5222). This case highlights challenges in managing XDR-pseudomonal infection where source control was infeasible, antibiotic options were extremely limited and individualized dose adjustments were needed. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - February 28, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Invasive disease caused simultaneously by two different serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae: a microbiological appreciation
We report a clinical case of a child with an invasive pneumococcal disease caused by two different pneumococcal serotypes that belonged to different sequence types. She was a 15-month-old girl with pneumonia and pleural effusion in whichS. pneumoniae colonies with different morphologies grew, one from the blood culture (characteristic greyish appearance) and the other from the pleural fluid (mucoid appearance). The isolate from blood was serotype 22  F (ST698/CC698/GPSC61), while the isolate from the pleural fluid was serotype 3 (ST180/CC180/GPSC12). The patient fully recovered after treatment with intravenous ampicillin ...
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - February 28, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Validation of a new risk stratification system-based management for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia: analysis of a multicentre prospective study
ConclusionsThe new risk stratification system shows promise in predicting metastatic complications and guiding work-up and management of MRSAB. However, reducing the number of cases labelled as ‘high-risk’ and ‘uncertain for metastatic infection’ remains an area for improvement. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - February 27, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Comparison of gradient diffusion and molecular methods using Allplex ™ NG & amp;DR assay (Seegene ®) for macrolide and fluoroquinolone screening resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae
AbstractAntimicrobial resistance inNeisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) is increasing worldwide. Second-line treatments with macrolides or fluoroquinolones are an option for NG infections in some cases following the STI guideline recommendations. In our study, we compared the gradient diffusion test using EUCAST 2024 breakpoints with a new molecular method using the Allplex ™ NG&DR assay (Seegene®) including A2059G/C2611 mutations (23S rRNA) associated with high/moderate-level macrolide resistance and S91F mutation (gyrA) relationship with fluoroquinolone resistance in NG isolates (n = 100). We calculated the sensitivity,...
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - February 26, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Emergence of a clinical Salmonella enterica serovar 1,4,[5], 12: i:-isolate, ST3606, in China with susceptibility decrease to ceftazidime-avibactam carrying a novel blaCTX-M-261 variant and a blaNDM-5
ConclusionPlasmid-mediated horizontal transfer plays an important role inblaNDM-5 andblaCTX-M-261 dissemination, which increases the threat to public health due to the resistance to most β-lactam antibiotics. This is the first report ofblaCTX-M-261 andblaNDM-5 inS. 1,4,[5], 12: i: -. The work provides insights into the enzymatic function and demonstrates the ongoing evolution of CTX-M enzymes and confirms urgency to control resistance ofS. 1,4,[5], 12: i: -. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - February 22, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

In vitro susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to netilmicin and etimicin in comparison to gentamicin and other aminoglycosides
ConclusionSelectively enriched gentamicin formulations hold promise for a less toxic but equally efficacious alternative to gentamicin. Our study warrants additional consideration of the clinically established netilmicin and etimicin for treatment of genital and perhaps extragenital gonorrhea. Additional studies are required to elucidate the mechanism behind the advantage of alkylated aminoglycosides. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - February 22, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research