Vimentin-Induced Cardiac Mesenchymal Stem Cells Proliferate in the Acute Ischemic Myocardium
In conclusion, we demonstrated a seemingly proliferative first response of vimentin- induced cardiac endogenous MSCs in the acutely ischemic heart. Genetically, GFP-targeted in vivo cell tracking, isolation, and in vitro expansion of this cardiac MSC subtype could help to clarify their reparative status in inflammation, fibrogenesis, cell turnover, tissue homeostasis, and myocardial regeneration.Cells Tissues Organs (Source: Cells Tissues Organs)
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - January 13, 2019 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
A Perfused Microfluidic System to Study the Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells in vitro
Conclusion: These results revealed that some factors secreted into the intercellular microenvironment by adult neuron cells can stimulate the differentiation of neural stem cells, pointing to the importance of developing multicellular culture systems such as the perfused microfluidic system we report here to better resemble the in vivo situation.Cells Tissues Organs (Source: Cells Tissues Organs)
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - December 21, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Biomaterial Approaches to Modulate Reactive Astroglial Response
Over several decades, biomaterial scientists have developed materials to spur axonal regeneration and limit secondary injury and tested these materials within preclinical animal models. Rarely, though, are astrocytes examined comprehensively when biomaterials are placed into the injury site. Astrocytes support neuronal function in the central nervous system. Following an injury, astrocytes undergo reactive gliosis and create a glial scar. The astrocytic glial scar forms a dense barrier which restricts the extension of regenerating axons through the injury site. However, there are several beneficial effects of the glial sca...
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - December 5, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
The Chick Caudolateral Epiblast Acts as a Permissive Niche for Generating Neuromesodermal Progenitor Behaviours
Neuromesodermal progenitors (NMps) are a population of bipotent progenitors that maintain competence to generate both spinal cord and paraxial mesoderm throughout the elongation of the posterior body axis. Recent studies have generated populations of NMp-like cells in culture, which have been shown to differentiate to both neural and mesodermal cell fates when transplanted into either mouse or chick embryos. Here, we aim to compare the potential of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cell-derived progenitor populations to generate NMp behaviour against both undifferentiated and differentiated populations. We define NMp behaviour as ...
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - December 5, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
On the Enigma of the Human Neurenteric Canal
In this study, the authors address the long-standing enigma by high-resolution histology and three-dimensional reconstruction using new and historic histological sections of 5 human 17- to 21-day-old embryos and of 2 marmoset monkey embryos of the speciesCallithrix jacchus at corresponding stages. The neurenteric canal presents itself as the classical vertical connection between the amniotic cavity and the yolk sac cavity and is lined (a) craniolaterally by a horseshoe-shaped “hinge of involuting notochordal cells” within Hensen’s node and (b) caudally by the receding primitive streak epiblast dorsally and by notocho...
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - November 27, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Growing Human Parathyroids in a Microphysiological System: A Novel Approach to Understanding and Developing New Treatments for Hyperparathyroidism
We developed a novel model for studying hyperparathyroidism by growing ex vivo 3-dimensional human parathyroids as part of a microphysiological system (MPS) that mimics human physiology. The purpose of this study was to validate the parathyroid portion of the MPS. We prospectively collected parathyroid tissue from 46 patients with hyperparathyroidism for growth into pseudoglands. We evaluated pseudogland architecture and calcium responsiveness. Following 2 weeks in culture, dispersed cells successfully coalesced into pseudoglands ∼500–700 µm in diameter that mimicked the appearance of normal parathyroid glands. Functi...
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - November 22, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Goodbye and Thank You
Cells Tissues Organs (Source: Cells Tissues Organs)
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - October 11, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Na < sup > + < /sup > /H < sup > + < /sup > Exchangers Are Required for the Development and Function of Vertebrate Mucociliary Epithelia
Na+/H+ exchangers (NHEs) represent a highly conserved family of ion transporters that regulate pH homeostasis. NHEs as well as other proton transporters were previously linked to the regulation of the Wnt signaling pathway, cell polarity signaling, and mucociliary function. Furthermore, mutations in the geneSLC9A3 (encoding NHE3) were detected as additional risk factors for airway infections in cystic fibrosis patients. Here, we used theXenopus embryonic mucociliary epidermis as well as human airway epithelial cells (HAECs) as models to investigate the functional roles of NHEs in mucociliary development and regeneration. I...
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - October 9, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Advances and Current Challenges Associated with the Use of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Modeling Neurodegenerative Disease
One of the most profound advances in the last decade of biomedical research has been the development of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) models for identification of disease mechanisms and drug discovery. Human iPSC technology has the capacity to revolutionize healthcare and the realization of personalized medicine, but differentiated tissues derived from stem cells come with major criticisms compared to native tissue, including variability in genetic backgrounds, a lack of functional maturity, and differences in epigenetic profiles. It is widely believed that increasing complexity will lead to improved clinical...
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - October 9, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Peripheral Blood Mesenchymal Stem Cells Combined with Modified Demineralized Bone Matrix Promote Pig Cartilage Defect Repair
Conclusion: G-CSF + AMD3100 is an effective mobilization agent for PBMSCs. The new tissue-engineering cartilage constructed by two-factor sustained-release microspheres/DBM composite PBMSCs effected good repair of the cartilage defect in pigs.Cells Tissues Organs (Source: Cells Tissues Organs)
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - October 4, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Farewell to Hans-Werner Denker and Arthur English
Cells Tissues Organs (Source: Cells Tissues Organs)
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - October 4, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Goodbye & amp; Thank You
Cells Tissues Organs (Source: Cells Tissues Organs)
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - October 4, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Oxygen Regulation in Development: Lessons from Embryogenesis towards Tissue Engineering
Oxygen is a vital source of energy necessary to sustain and complete embryonic development. Not only is oxygen the driving force for many cellular functions and metabolism, but it is also involved in regulating stem cell fate, morphogenesis, and organogenesis. Low oxygen levels are the naturally preferred microenvironment for most processes during early development and mainly drive proliferation. Later on, more oxygen and also nutrients are needed for organogenesis and morphogenesis. Therefore, it is critical to maintain oxygen levels within a narrow range as required during development. Modulating oxygen tensions is perfo...
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - October 4, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Large Cytoplasmic Vacuoles within Notochordal Nucleus Pulposus Cells: A Possible Regulator of Intracellular Pressure That Shapes the Cytoskeleton and Controls Proliferation
Degeneration of the intervertebral disc, which is closely associated with the loss of vacuolated notochordal nucleus pulposus cells (NNPC), remains a major cause of lower-back pain and motor deficiency. Being the most defining characteristic of NNPC, large cytoplasmic vacuoles not only modulate the cytoskeleton and shape cell morphology but they also respond to the disc microenvironment and regulate the biological behavior of vacuolated cells as a potent reporter of the histocytological changes that occur at the beginning of disc aging and degeneration. Here we hypothesize a model in which large cytoplasmic vacuoles primar...
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - October 4, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Interstitial Cells in the Pineal Gland of Pregnant and Nonpregnant Viscachas < b > < i > (Lagostomus maximus maximus) < /i > < /b > : A Morphometric and Biochemical Study
The pineal gland of mammals undergoes morphological and biochemical changes throughout the gestation period. In viscachas, a seasonal breeding rodent, pregnancy lasts approximately 154 days and 3 stages can be defined, i.e., early, mid, and late pregnancy. The purpose of this study is to analyze morphometric variations in the expression of S-100 protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and vimentin in the interstitial cells (IC) in pregnant and nonpregnant viscachas by immunohistochemistry (IHC). We also aim to evaluate a probable relation between glandular activity and pregnancy. The immunopositive percentage area...
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - September 17, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
