Oxidation and RGD Modification Affect the Early Neural Differentiation of Murine Embryonic Stem Cells Cultured in Core-Shell Alginate Hydrogel Microcapsules
This study demonstrates that the presence of the RGD peptide, the SDIA effect of the PA6 cells, and the absence of leukemia inhibition factor from the medium can lead to the early differentiation of mESCs with extensive neurites within the 3D microenvironment of the small microcapsules. This is the first study to investigate the effects of cell adhesion and degradation of the encapsulation materials for direc ted neural differentiation of mESCs. The simple modifications (i.e., oxidation and RGD incorporation) of the miniaturized 3D environment for improved early neural differentiation of mESCs may potentially enhance furth...
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - May 26, 2021 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
It ’s About Time: Time-Dependent Tissue Damage in the Adult Porcine Retina After Enucleation
The ex vivo large animal retina is extensively used in research ranging from discovery of disease mechanisms to future treatment paradigms. Due to limited standardization when harvesting the tissue, the time after enucleation is often extended for several hours, a factor that so far has not yet been fully characterized. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between time after enucleation and retinal tissue damage. Adult, porcine retinal explants were dissected and fixed 90 or 240 min after enucleation. In a separate experiment, explants were cultured for 48 h, following dissection either 90 or 240 m...
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - May 26, 2021 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Effects of Preservation Methods in the Composition of the Placental and Reflected Regions of the Human Amniotic Membrane
In conclusion, the cryopreservation using DMEM/glycerol was ideal for preserving the structural integrity and soluble protein content, indicating the feasibility of this me thod in preserving AM for its use in regenerative medicine.Cells Tissues Organs (Source: Cells Tissues Organs)
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - May 19, 2021 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Protein Substrate Alters Cell Physiology in Primary Culture of Vocal Fold Epithelial Cells
The basement membrane interacts directly with the vocal fold epithelium. Signaling between the basement membrane and the epithelium modulates gene regulation, differentiation, and proliferation. The purpose of this study was to identify an appropriate simple single-protein substrate for growth of rabbit vocal fold epithelial cells. Vocal folds from 3 New Zealand white rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were treated to isolate epithelial cells, and cells were seeded onto cell culture inserts coated with collagen I, collagen IV, laminin, or fibronectin. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was measured, and phase contra...
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - April 28, 2021 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Empowering Muscle Stem Cells for the Treatment of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a devastating and debilitating muscle degenerative disease affecting 1 in every 3,500 male births worldwide. DMD is progressive and fatal; accumulated weakening of the muscle tissue leads to an inability to walk and eventual loss of life due to respiratory and cardiac failure. Importantly, there remains no effective cure for DMD. DMD is caused by defective expression of theDMD gene, which encodes for dystrophin, a component of the dystrophin glycoprotein complex. In muscle fibers, this protein complex plays a critical role in maintaining muscle membrane integrity. Emerging studies have ...
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - April 28, 2021 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Measuring and Modelling the Epithelial- Mesenchymal Hybrid State in Cancer: Clinical Implications
The epithelial-mesenchymal (E/M) hybrid state has emerged as an important mediator of elements of cancer progression, facilitated by epithelial mesenchymal plasticity (EMP). We review here evidence for the presence, prognostic significance, and therapeutic potential of the E/M hybrid state in carcinoma. We further assess modelling predictions and validation studies to demonstrate stabilised E/M hybrid states along the spectrum of EMP, as well as computational approaches for characterising and quantifying EMP phenotypes, with particular attention to the emerging realm of single-cell approaches through RNA sequencing and pro...
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - April 26, 2021 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Signaling Control of Mucociliary Epithelia: Stem Cells, Cell Fates, and the Plasticity of Cell Identity in Development and Disease
Mucociliary epithelia are composed of multiciliated, secretory, and stem cells and line various organs in vertebrates such as the respiratory tract. By means of mucociliary clearance, those epithelia provide a first line of defense against inhaled particles and pathogens. Mucociliary clearance relies on the correct composition of cell types, that is, the proper balance of ciliated and secretory cells. A failure to generate and to maintain correct cell type composition and function results in impaired clearance and high risk to infections, such as in congenital diseases (e.g., ciliopathies) as well as in acquired diseases, ...
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - April 26, 2021 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Contents Vol. 209, 2020
Cells Tissues Organs 2020;209:I –IV (Source: Cells Tissues Organs)
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - April 22, 2021 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Acknowledgement to Referees
Cells Tissues Organs 2020;209:276 –277 (Source: Cells Tissues Organs)
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - April 22, 2021 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Evaluation of Potential Application of Wharton ’s Jelly-Derived Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and its Conditioned Media for Dermal Regeneration using Rat Wound Healing Model
Mesenchymal stromal cells and the derived conditioned media represent an area of tremendous medical interest and, among other clinical applications, are currently being extensively explored for wound healing. The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the wound healing potential of xeno-free human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and the conditioned media (CM) in a full-thickness excision wound model in rats. The evaluation parameters included rate of wound healing, serum cytokine analyses, collagen content, histopathology, and hyperspectral imaging as an independent qualitative and quantita...
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - April 19, 2021 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Characterization of Human Spermatic Subpopulations by ConA-Binding Sites and Tyrosine Phosphorylation during in vitro Capacitation and Acrosome Reaction
Spermatozoa capacitation is a time-dependent physiological process essential for acquiring the fertilizing capacity. In this context, reorganization of spermatozoa surface sugars and tyrosine phosphorylation are some of the most important biochemical changes involved in capacitation. However, the relationship between these 2 biomarkers remains poorly defined. By cytofluorescence we simultaneously characterized the head concanavalin A (ConA)-binding sites and the flagellar tyrosine phosphorylation before capacitation, during different capacitation times (1 and 4 h), and after acrosome reaction induction in human spermatozoa...
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - April 19, 2021 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Hollow Fiber and Nanofiber Membranes in Bioartificial Liver and Neuronal Tissue Engineering
To date, the creation of biomimetic devices for the regeneration and repair of injured or diseased tissues and organs remains a crucial challenge in tissue engineering. Membrane technology offers advanced approaches to realize multifunctional tools with permissive environments well-controlled at molecular level for the development of functional tissues and organs. Membranes in fiber configuration with precisely controlled, tunable topography, and physical, biochemical, and mechanical cues, can direct and control the function of different kinds of cells toward the recovery from disorders and injuries. At the same time, fibe...
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - April 13, 2021 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Applications of the Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane as an Alternative Model for Cancer Studies
A variety of in vivo experimental models have been established for the studies of human cancer using both cancer cell lines and patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). In order to meet the aspiration of precision medicine, the in vivomurine models have been widely adopted. However, common constraints such as high cost, long duration of experiments, and low engraftment efficiency remained to be resolved. The chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) is an alternative model to overcome some of these limitations. Here, we provide an overview of the applications of the chick CAM model in the study of oncology. The CAM model has s...
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - March 29, 2021 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Analysis of Key Distinct Biological Characteristics of Human Placenta-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Individual Heterogeneity Attributing to Donors
For potential clinical applications in the future, we investigated the distinct biological features of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) derived from different origin areas of human placenta and individual heterogeneity among different donors. Chorionic plate MSCs (CP-MSCs), amniotic membrane MSCs (AM-MSCs), and decidual plate MSCs (DP-MSCs) were isolated from 5 human placentae and were analyzed in terms of main features of MSCs including surface marker profile, growth, differentiation potential, immune regulation capability, and tubulin acetylation (Ac-tubulin). The expression profile of surface markers in the 3 types of M...
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - March 29, 2021 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Ethical Aspects of Human Embryo Collections: A Historically Grounded Approach to the Blechschmidt Collection at the University of G öttingen
Human body donation and tissue collections are nowadays grounded on a legal framework centered around the concept of informed consent in most countries. Comparable regulations did not exist prior to the second half of the 20th century, when several of the most important collections of human embryos were established. As a particularly prominent example, the Human Embryology Collection ( “Blechschmidt Collection”) at the Center of Anatomy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany, is described here with regard to how to approach a human specimen collection from the perspective of both collection ethics and the histo...
Source: Cells Tissues Organs - March 24, 2021 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
