Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus With Noninsulin Pharmacotherapy
Am Fam Physician. 2024 Apr;109(4):333-342.ABSTRACTType 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that is increasing in global prevalence. An individualized approach to pharmacotherapy should consider costs, benefits beyond glucose control, and adverse events. Metformin is the first-line therapy due to its low cost and effectiveness. Sulfonylureas and thiazolidinediones are additional low-cost oral hypoglycemic classes available in the United States; however, evidence shows variability in weight gain and hypoglycemia. Thiazolidinediones increase fluid retention and are not recommended in patients with New York Heart Associat...
Source: American Family Physician - April 22, 2024 Category: Primary Care Authors: Elizabeth M Vaughan Zuleica M Santiago-Delgado Source Type: research
An in vitro study of metformin adsorption to activated charcoal
. (Source: Clinical Toxicology)
Source: Clinical Toxicology - April 22, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Yoshinori TomodaMasahiro KobayashiLaboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Research and Education Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Kitasato University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan Source Type: research
Targeting dysregulated lipid metabolism for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease: Current advancements and future prospects
Neurobiol Dis. 2024 Apr 18:106505. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106505. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAlzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases are two of the most frequent neurological diseases. The clinical features of AD are memory decline and cognitive dysfunction, while PD mainly manifests as motor dysfunction such as limb tremors, muscle rigidity abnormalities, and slow gait. Abnormalities in cholesterol, sphingolipid, and glycerophospholipid metabolism have been demonstrated to directly exacerbate the progression of AD by stimulating Aβ deposition and tau protein tangles. Indirectly, abnormal lipids can increase the burden o...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - April 20, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Bin Tong Yaoqi Ba Zhengyang Li Caidi Yang Kangtai Su Haodong Qi Deju Zhang Xiao Liu Yuting Wu Yixuan Chen Jitao Ling Jing Zhang Peng Yu Xiaoping Yin Source Type: research
Miniature mass spectrometer-based point-of-care assay for quantification of metformin and sitagliptin in human blood and urine
This study developed a point-of-care (POC) assay method utilizing a miniature mass spectrometer, enabling rapid and accurate quantification of MET and STG concentrations in human blood and urine. By combining the miniature mass spectrometer with paper spray ionization, this method simplifies the process into three to four steps, requires minimal amounts of bodily fluids (50 μL of blood and 2 μL of urine), and is able to obtain quantification results within approximately 2 min. Stable isotope-labeled internal standards were employed to enhance the accuracy and stability of measurement. The MS/MS responses exhibited good l...
Source: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry - April 20, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Jingying Chen Yaohan Li Jingjing Chen Ruimin Wang Miaoshan Lu Changbin Yu Source Type: research
Effect of metformin in hypothalamic astrocytes from an immunocompromised mice model
Biochimie. 2024 Apr 18:S0300-9084(24)00080-4. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.04.005. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAstrocytes are glial cells that play key roles in neuroinflammation, which is a common feature in diabetic encephalopathy and aging process. Metformin is an antidiabetic compound that shows neuroprotective properties, including in inflammatory models, but astroglial signaling pathways involved are still poorly known. Interferons α/β are cytokines that participate in antiviral responses and the lack of their signaling increases susceptible to viral infections. Here, we investigated the effects of metformin on ast...
Source: Biochimie - April 20, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Larissa Daniele Bobermin Daniele Schauren da Costa Aline Daniel Moreira de Moraes Vanessa Fernanda da Silva Giancarlo Tomazzoni de Oliveira Patr ícia Sesterheim Ana Carolina Tramontina Luiz Augusto Basso Guilhian Leipnitz Andr é Quincozes-Santos Carlos- Source Type: research
Effect of metformin in hypothalamic astrocytes from an immunocompromised mice model
Biochimie. 2024 Apr 18:S0300-9084(24)00080-4. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.04.005. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAstrocytes are glial cells that play key roles in neuroinflammation, which is a common feature in diabetic encephalopathy and aging process. Metformin is an antidiabetic compound that shows neuroprotective properties, including in inflammatory models, but astroglial signaling pathways involved are still poorly known. Interferons α/β are cytokines that participate in antiviral responses and the lack of their signaling increases susceptible to viral infections. Here, we investigated the effects of metformin on ast...
Source: Biochimie - April 20, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Larissa Daniele Bobermin Daniele Schauren da Costa Aline Daniel Moreira de Moraes Vanessa Fernanda da Silva Giancarlo Tomazzoni de Oliveira Patr ícia Sesterheim Ana Carolina Tramontina Luiz Augusto Basso Guilhian Leipnitz Andr é Quincozes-Santos Carlos- Source Type: research
Cost-Effectiveness of Newer Pharmacologic Treatments in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review of Cost-Effectiveness Studies for the American College of Physicians
CONCLUSION: Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists and SGLT2i are of low value as first-line therapy but may be of intermediate value when added to metformin or other background therapy compared with adding nothing. Other drugs and comparisons are of low or uncertain value. Results are sensitive to drug effectiveness and cost assumptions.PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: American College of Physicians. (PROSPERO: CRD42022382315).PMID:38639547 | DOI:10.7326/M23-1492 (Source: Annals of Internal Medicine)
Source: Annals of Internal Medicine - April 19, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: John T Schousboe Adrienne Landsteiner Tyler Drake Shahnaz Sultan Lisa Langsetmo Anjum Kaka Maylen Anthony Charles J Billington Caleb Kalinowski Kristen Ullman Timothy J Wilt Source Type: research
Newer Pharmacologic Treatments in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Clinical Guideline From the American College of Physicians
Ann Intern Med. 2024 Apr 19. doi: 10.7326/M23-2788. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDESCRIPTION: The American College of Physicians (ACP) developed this clinical guideline to update recommendations on newer pharmacologic treatments of type 2 diabetes. This clinical guideline is based on the best available evidence for effectiveness, comparative benefits and harms, consideration of patients' values and preferences, and costs.METHODS: This clinical guideline is based on a systematic review of the effectiveness and harms of newer pharmacologic treatments of type 2 diabetes, including glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists, a ...
Source: Annals of Internal Medicine - April 19, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Amir Qaseem Adam J Obley Tatyana Shamliyan Lauri A Hicks Curtis S Harrod Carolyn J Crandall Clinical Guidelines Committee of the American College of Physicians Source Type: research
Metformin and statins reduce hepatocellular carcinoma risk in chronic hepatitis C patients with failed antiviral therapy
CONCLUSION: Metformin for DM and statins for HLP have chemopreventive effects on HCC risk in CHC patients who failed antiviral therapy. These findings emphasize the importance of personalized preventive strategies for managing patients with these clinical profiles.PMID:38637957 | DOI:10.3350/cmh.2024.0038 (Source: Clinical and molecular hepatology)
Source: Clinical and molecular hepatology - April 19, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Pei-Chien Tsai Chung-Feng Huang Ming-Lun Yeh Meng-Hsuan Hsieh Hsing-Tao Kuo Chao-Hung Hung Kuo-Chih Tseng Hsueh-Chou Lai Cheng-Yuan Peng Jing-Houng Wang Jyh-Jou Chen Pei-Lun Lee Rong-Nan Chien Chi-Chieh Yang Gin-Ho Lo Jia-Horng Kao Chun-Jen Liu Chen-Hua L Source Type: research
< i > Spilanthes filicaulis < /i > (Schumach. & Thonn.) C.D. Adams leaves protects against streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy
ConclusionTherefore, our results indicate that MESFL alleviates the development of diabetic nephropathy via suppression of the cAMP/PKA/CREB/cFOS pathways. (Source: PLoS One)
Source: PLoS One - April 19, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo Source Type: research
Synergistic anticancer effects of doxorubicin and metformin combination therapy: A systematic review
CONCLUSION: The findings of this study show that the combined treatment regimen including doxorubicin and metformin has significant promise in fighting cancer. The observed synergistic effects suggest that this combination therapy could be valuable, in a setting. This study highlights the need for clinical research to validate and enhance the application of the doxorubicin metformin regimen.PMID:38636389 | DOI:10.1016/j.tranon.2024.101946 (Source: Translational Oncology)
Source: Translational Oncology - April 18, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Fereshtehsadat Jalali Fatemeh Fakhari Afrah Sepehr Jaber Zafari Behnam Omidi Sarajar Pouria Sarihi Emad Jafarzadeh Source Type: research
Assessing the impact of COVID-19 era drug combinations on hepatic functionality: A thorough investigation in adult Danio rerio
Environ Pollut. 2024 Apr 16;349:123997. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123997. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCurrent and thorough information on the ecotoxicological consequences of pharmaceuticals is accessible globally. However, there remains a substantial gap in knowledge concerning the potentially toxic effects of COVID-19 used drugs, individually and combined, on aquatic organisms. Given the factors above, our investigation assumes pivotal importance in elucidating whether or not paracetamol, dexamethasone, metformin, and their tertiary mixtures might prompt histological impairment, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the ...
Source: Environmental Pollution - April 18, 2024 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Diana Belen Onofre-Camarena Gustavo Axel Elizalde-Vel ázquez Leobardo Manuel G ómez-Oliván Sandra Garc ía-Medina Marcela Galar-Mart ínez Jos é Roberto Jerónimo Juárez Selene Elizabeth Herrera-V ázquez Source Type: research
Effects of quercetin on polycystic ovary syndrome in animal models: a systematic review and meta-analysis
CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis suggested that quercetin has positive effects on PCOS treatment. Quercetin can systematically reduce insulin, blood glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels in metabolic pathways. In the endocrine pathway, quercetin can regulate the function of the pituitary-ovarian axis, reduce testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, and lower the ratio of LH to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Quercetin can regulate the expression of the GLUT4 gene and has antioxidative effects at the molecular level.PMID:38637876 | PMC:PMC11025171 | DOI:10.1186/s12958-024-01220-y (Source: Reproductive Biology)
Source: Reproductive Biology - April 18, 2024 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Pingping Su Chao Chen Liang Pang Kai Wu Yun Sun Source Type: research
