Transplanted ENSCs form functional connections with intestinal smooth muscle and restore colonic motility in nNOS-deficient mice
CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that transplanted ENSCs can form effective neuromuscular connections and improve colonic motor function in a model of colonic dysmotility, and additionally reveal that multiple sites of cell delivery led to an improved response, paving the way for optimized clinical trial design.PMID:37667277 | DOI:10.1186/s13287-023-03469-3 (Source: Cell Research)
Source: Cell Research - September 4, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Ryo Hotta Ahmed Rahman Sukhada Bhave Rhian Stavely Weikang Pan Shriya Srinivasan Geoffrey de Couto Luis Rodriguez-Borlado Richard Myers Alan J Burns Allan M Goldstein Source Type: research
Pink1-/- Rats Demonstrate Swallowing and Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in a Model of Prodromal Parkinson Disease
AbstractEarly motor and non-motor signs of Parkinson disease (PD) include dysphagia, gastrointestinal dysmotility, and constipation. However, because these often manifest prior to formal diagnosis, the study of PD-related swallow and GI dysfunction in early stages is difficult. To overcome this limitation, we used thePink1-/- rat, a well-established early-onset genetic rat model of PD to assay swallowing and GI motility deficits. Thirty male rats were tested at 4 months (Pink1-/- = 15, wildtype (WT) control = 15) and 6 months (Pink1-/- = 7, WT = 6) of age; analogous to early-stage PD in humans. Videofluo...
Source: Dysphagia - August 31, 2023 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
The Pharmacokinetics of Drugs Delivered to the Upper Nasal Space
AbstractPharmacokinetics (PK) includes how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized and eliminated. The compartment providing this information is usually the plasma. This is as close to the tissue of interest that we can get, although biopsies may be obtained to give “tissue levels” of drugs. Ultimately, the goal of PK is to understand how long the drug is actually engaged with the target in the tissue of interest after a dose has been administ ered. Most drugs at some point in their development will have been administered intravenously (IV), which acts as the standard for 100% bioavailability. By comparing vario...
Source: Pharmaceutical Medicine - August 3, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Genes, Vol. 14, Pages 1521: Esophageal Dysbiosis in Achalasia and Cancer Development: A Critical Review
Conclusion: Despite the close relationship between dysbiosis and cancer development in esophageal dysmotility disorders, further investigations are still needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms by which dysbiosis contributes to cancer development and to identify potential therapeutic interventions targeting the microbiota to prevent or treat cancer. (Source: Genes)
Source: Genes - July 26, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Francisco Tustumi Vitor Pelogi Arienzo Isabela Roskamp Sunye Phellipe Fabbrini Santos Lucas B árbara Buccelli Colonno Julia Grams Quintas Elis Nogara Lisboa Daniel Jos é Szor Tags: Review Source Type: research
Antibiotics Use and Its Effects on the Establishment of Feeding Tolerance in Preterm Neonates
Conclusion Our investigation of the risk of feeding issues in babies who get antibiotics early in life revealed no differences between neonates who received antibiotics and those who did not when the randomized controlled trial data alone was reviewed. Given the sample sizes, it is uncertain if the preceding analysis is powerful enough to detect differences (a significant percentage of neonates who were randomly assigned to NOT get antibiotics subsequently received early treatment due to changing clinical conditions). This affirms the requirement for a meticulously designed prospective randomized study.
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Source: American Journal of Perinatology - July 20, 2023 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Singh, Neel K. Will, Lester Al-Mulaabed, Sharef Ruoss, Lauren li, Nan de La Cruz, Diomel Gurka, Matthew Neu, Josef Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
GSE236981 miRNA sequencing profile of colonic mucosa in global mir-10b KO and WT mice
Conclusion: Our study uncovered a potential pathophysiologic mechanism of gut barrier dysfunction that links both the diabetes and gut dysmotility phenotypes in mice lacking miR-10b-5p. Treatment with a miR-10b-5p mimic reversed the leaky gut, diabetic, and gut dysmotility phenotypes, highlighting the translational potential of miR-10b-5p mimic. (Source: GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus)
Source: GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus - July 13, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Tags: Non-coding RNA profiling by high throughput sequencing Mus musculus Source Type: research
A new mutation in the CAVIN1/PTRF gene in two siblings with congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 4: case reports and review of the literature
Lipodystrophy syndromes are characterized by a progressive metabolic impairment secondary to adipose tissue dysfunction and may have a genetic background. Congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 4 (CGL4) is an extremely rare subtype, caused by mutations in the polymerase I and transcript release factor (PTRF) gene. It encodes for a cytoplasmatic protein called caveolae-associated protein 1 (Cavin-1), which, together with caveolin 1, is responsible for the biogenesis of caveolae, being a master regulator of adipose tissue expandability. Cavin-1 is expressed in several tissues, including muscles, thus resulting, when dysfu...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - July 12, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
What role does the submucosa play in the pathophysiology and treatment of achalasia? An analysis of impedance planimetry during POEM
ConclusionsEsophageal diameter and DI are significantly affected by SMT dissection alone, though not equaling the magnitude of diameter or DI changes from full POEM. This suggests that the submucosa does play a role in achalasia, presenting a future target for refining POEM and developing alternative treatment strategies.Graphical abstract (Source: Surgical Endoscopy)
Source: Surgical Endoscopy - July 11, 2023 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Body mass index and nutritional intake following Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor modulator therapy in adults with cystic fibrosis
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-limiting autosomal recessive disease [1]. It is caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene which encodes the CFTR protein, an anion channel expressed throughout the body [1]. Aberrant production and function of CFTR protein in the lungs leads to dehydrated airways, viscous mucus, recurrent infections and inflammation [1]. The CFTR protein is also expressed in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract resulting in exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (PI), inflammation, dysmotility, dysbiosis and GI symptoms [2]. (Source: Journal of Cystic Fibrosis)
Source: Journal of Cystic Fibrosis - July 6, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: L.R. Caley, H.H. Jarosz-Griffiths, L. Smith, L. Gale, J. Barrett, L. Kinsey, V. Davey, M. Nash, A.M. Jones, J.L. Whitehouse, D. Shimmin, R.A. Floto, H. White, D.G. Peckham Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Crystal structure of the stalk region of axonemal inner ‐arm dynein‐d reveals unique features in the coiled‐coil and microtubule‐binding domain
We determined the structure of the human inner-arm dynein-d (IAD-d) stalk region, containing the microtubule-binding domain (MTBD) and coiled coil, by X-ray crystallography. Compared with the corresponding structures of other dyneins, we observed several unique structural features: the relative orientation of the coiled-coil and MTBD are different, and the orientation of the flap extending from the MTBD varies among axonemal dynein isoforms. We propose a structure-based model for IAD-d binding to microtubules. Axonemal dynein is an ATP-dependent microtubular motor protein responsible for cilia and flagella beating, and its...
Source: FEBS Letters - July 4, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Seolmin Ko,
Akiyuki Toda,
Hideaki Tanaka,
Jian Yu,
Genji Kurisu Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
