19.3 treatment of early age mania (team)
Lithium is one of the oldest treatments for bipolar disorder and was recently studied as part of the Treatment of Early Age Mania (TEAM) study in a head-to-head comparison with divalproex sodium and risperidone. This presentation will examine the outcomes for youth assigned to lithium in the initial 8-week trial. We will also examine youth switched to lithium after failing another treatment or partial responders who received lithium as an add-on (combination) treatment with one of the other 2 agents. (Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - September 30, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Adelaide Robb Tags: Clinical Perspectives 19 Source Type: research
Use of meropenem to treat valproic acid overdose
We present a case of VPA overdose managed with meropenem in addition to levocarnitine. A 38-year old female presented to the emergency department after intentionally ingesting 20 tablets of extended release divalproex sodium. (Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine)
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - September 3, 2019 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Diane Dreucean, Kevin Beres, Afton McNierney-Moore, Dante Gravino Source Type: research
Fast liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous determination of eight antiepileptic drugs and an active metabolite in human plasma using polarity switching and timed selected reaction monitoring
Publication date: Available online 17 August 2019Source: Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical AnalysisAuthor(s): Maureen A. KaneAbstractA fast liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method using polarity switching and timed selected reaction monitoring has been developed and validated to quantify eight antiepileptic drugs and an active drug metabolite in human plasma within a single analytical assay. The antiepileptic drugs include levetiracetam, lamotrigine, zonisamide, topiramate, carbamazepine, phenytoin, divalproex sodium, oxcarbazepine, and the oxcarbazepine active metabolite 10,11-dihydro-10-hydroxycarbam...
Source: Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis - August 18, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Divalproex sodium regulates ataxin-3 translocation likely by an importin α1-dependent pathway
Nuclear localization of ataxin-3 plays a fundamental role in seeding aggregation and the pathology of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3). However, very few compounds that are able to modulate the nuclear transport of ataxin-3 have been identified. In our previous study, we found that divalproex sodium (DVS) reduced heat shock-induced nuclear localization of ataxin-3. However, the mechanism of DVS in the translocation of ataxin-3 still remains unknown. There is accumulating evidence that importins are regulated by acetylation, and histone deacetylase inhibitors can interrupt this process. With this in mind, we used cells ...
Source: NeuroReport - July 2, 2019 Category: Neurology Tags: Degeneration and Repair Source Type: research
New Trends in Migraine Pharmacology: Targeting Calcitonin Gene –Related Peptide (CGRP) With Monoclonal Antibodies
Conclusion
Migraine is a disabling and debilitating neurovascular painful condition representing more than 90% of cases of recurrent headache and toward which the tendency can be inherited (MacGregor, 2017). Divalproex sodium, sodium valproate, topiramate, metoprolol, propranolol, and timolol have proven strong, level A, evidence for migraine prevention (American Academy of Neurology and American Headache Society, 2015). However, all the classic oral preventative treatments including tricyclic antidepressants, beta blockers, 5-HT2 antagonists ergots and anti-epileptic drugs were not developed for migraine and provide 50% ...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 8, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Current Status of Antiepileptic Drugs as Preventive Migraine Therapy
This article specifically provides the following: (1) a review of the mechanism of action, efficacy, and tolerability of topiramate and divalproex sodium/sodium valproate, the most widely used AEDs for migraine prevention, (2) a discussion on emerging evidence regarding the efficacy of zonisamide and levetiracetam, and (3) comments on gabapentin, pregabalin, carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, and lamotrigine, AEDs which have insufficient evidence for use in migraine prevention.Recent findingsThe potential role for new extended-release formulations of topiramate in migraine prevention is discussed.SummaryThere is substantial evi...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Neurology - March 17, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Pharmacologic Prevention of Migraine: A Narrative Review of the State of the Art in 2018.
Abstract
This paper describes current non-antibody pharmacologic approaches to the prevention of migraine in adults. Preventive therapy should be considered for patients with migraine who routinely have more than 6 headache days per month or in other special circumstances. Choices for preventive therapy are based on patient preferences about side effects and evidence of efficacy. The evidence level and commonly used doses for selected categories of migraine preventive medication are reviewed, including antiepileptic drugs, antihypertensive drugs, and antidepressants. Propranolol, timolol, topiramate, and d...
Source: Headache - August 23, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Loder E, Rizzoli P Tags: Headache Source Type: research
Determinants of free serum valproate concentration: A prospective study in patients on divalproex sodium monotherapy
ConclusionsAn increase in the total VPA concentration results in corresponding linear and non-linear rise in the VPA free fraction and free VPA concentration, respectively. The total daily dose of VPA should be increased in smaller increments whenever a total VPA concentration of 60 μg/mL is reached. When drug monitoring is needed, we recommend measuring the free VPA concentration. If this test is unavailable, and for patients with normal albumin levels, it can be predicted from the total VPA concentration using the generated equation. (Source: Seizure)
Source: Seizure - July 10, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Determinants of free serum valproate concentration: A prospective study in patients on divalproex sodium monotherapy
(Source: Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy)
Source: Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy - April 23, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Wassim Nasreddine, Maya Dirani, Samir Atweh, Achraf Makki, Ahmad Beydoun Source Type: research
Time Course of Reversal of Valproate-Mediated Inhibition of Lamotrigine
Conclusions These observations demonstrate that the pharmacokinetic interaction between LTG and VPA is reversible, and that de-inhibition appears to follow a predictable time course. Complete offset, or reversal of this interaction takes place 10–14 days after VPA discontinuation. Our data also confirms the observation that LTG oral clearance may be inhibited by very low concentrations of VPA. These data support the conversion algorithm suggested by the manufacturer, and provide guidance to the clinician. These data provide clinically useful information in developing a dosing algorithm for converting patients to LTG mo...
Source: Seizure - March 16, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Divalproex sodium modulates nuclear localization of ataxin-3 and prevents cellular toxicity caused by expanded ataxin-3.
CONCLUSION: Our study provides novel insights into the mechanisms of action of divalproex sodium as a possible treatment for SCA3, beyond the known regulation of transcription.
PMID: 29318784 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics)
Source: CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics - January 9, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Wang ZJ, Hanet A, Weishäupl D, Martins IM, Sowa AS, Riess O, Schmidt T Tags: CNS Neurosci Ther Source Type: research
Application of Spray Drying Technique for Flowability enhancement of Divalproex Sodium
Conclusion Findings suggest that the spray drying technique improves DVX flowability and may pave the way for improvement in the tabletting procedure of DVX. [...] © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Abstract | Full text (Source: Drug Research)
Source: Drug Research - September 12, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ghanbarzadeh, Saeed Valizadeh, Hadi Yaqoubi, Shadi Asdagh, Arash Hamishehkar, Hamed Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Intermittent Transient Motor Aphasia in Acute Lithium Toxicity: A Case Report and Brief Review.
CONCLUSION: Clinicians should be aware of this rarely reported side effect of lithium particularly in patients at risk for volume depletion and closely monitor fluid intake, lithium level, and potential side effects.
PMID: 28571548 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Current Drug Safety)
Source: Current Drug Safety - May 31, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Madhusoodanan S, Reddy V, Mohan S Tags: Curr Drug Saf Source Type: research
