Phage Therapy in Bacterial Pneumonia Models: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
CONCLUSION: There was a significant role of phage therapy in the reduction of deaths in the bacterial pneumonia models.PMID:38357944 | DOI:10.2174/0113862073267755240126111628 (Source: Combinatorial Chemistry and High Throughput Screening)
Source: Combinatorial Chemistry and High Throughput Screening - February 15, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Mohammad Akhlaquer Rahman Kapil Kumar Verma Mahesh Kumar Posa Source Type: research
Radiographic findings of adenoviral pneumonia in children
This study has evaluated the chest radiography findings of community-acquired adenovirus pneumonia in children. The frequency of radiological findings mimicking bacterial pneumonia was investigated. The clinical features of patients with adenovirus pneumonia possessing radiological findings mimicking bacterial pneumonia were also evaluated. (Source: Clinical Imaging)
Source: Clinical Imaging - February 12, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: G ülsüm İclal Bayhan, Nadide Başak Gülleroğlu, Selin Çetin, Tuğba Erat, Selin Yıldız, Seval Özen, Hatice Kübra Konca, Aysun Yahşi, Bedia Dinç Tags: Pediatric Radiology Source Type: research
Evaluation of omadacycline dosing regimens in Chinese using population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analysis
CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the approved regimen for China achieved adequate target attainment for all pathogens typically associated with these infections. The higher oral exposure observed in Asians may enhance efficacy without affecting safety or tolerability.PMID:38295963 | DOI:10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106713 (Source: European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences)
Source: European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences - January 31, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Kun Wang Yusong Zhu Fengyan Xu Lucy Liu Lichuan Liu Mengling Shi Jing Nie Harald Reinhart Jing Liu Yuying Gao Xia Pu Source Type: research
Outcomes of antiretroviral treatment for 0-14-year-old children living with HIV in Ganzhou, China, 2006-2023
CONCLUSION: For CLHIV, ART could effectively inhibit the replication of HIV and improve the immune function of patients. More studies that focus on ART in CLHIV are urgently needed.PMID:38297382 | PMC:PMC10832207 | DOI:10.1186/s12981-024-00594-8 (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy)
Source: AIDS Research and Therapy - January 31, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Ting Zeng Xin Chen Xiao-Yi Zhang Chao-Xian Lian Rong-Rong Yang Li-Ling Yu Xiao-Kang Liao Dan-Dan Huang Yu-Ning Zhang Hong-Min Cao Source Type: research
Bacterial Pneumonia and Stroke Risk: A Nationwide Longitudinal Followup Study
CONCLUSION: The risks of developing ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke are significant following bacterial pneumonia infection. The risk factors, clinical outcomes, and the disease course should also be profiled to better inform the monitoring of stroke development and the clinical management of bacterial pneumonia patients.PMID:38288840 | DOI:10.2174/0115672026280736240108093755 (Source: Current Neurovascular Research)
Source: Current Neurovascular Research - January 30, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Joyce En-Hua Wang Shih-Jen Tsai Yen-Po Wang Tzeng-Ji Chen Tso-Jen Wang Mu-Hong Chen Source Type: research
Oral administration of lysozyme protects against injury of ileum via modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis after severe traumatic brain injury
ConclusionThe present study unveiled a virtuous cycle whereby oral administration of lysozyme restores Paneth cell’s function, mitigates intestinal injury and bacterial translocation through the remodeling of gut microbiota. (Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology)
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - January 30, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Insights into the role of the respiratory tract microbiome in defense against bacterial pneumonia
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2024 Feb;77:102428. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102428. Epub 2024 Jan 25.ABSTRACTThe respiratory tract microbiome (RTM) is a microbial ecosystem inhabiting different niches throughout the airway. A critical role for the RTM in dictating lung infection outcomes is underlined by recent efforts to identify community members benefiting respiratory tract health. Obligate anaerobes common in the oropharynx and lung such as Prevotella and Veillonella are associated with improved pneumonia outcomes and activate several immune defense pathways in the lower airway. Colonizers of the nasal cavity, including Corynebac...
Source: Current Opinion in Microbiology - January 26, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Zoe G Drigot Sarah E Clark Source Type: research
Influenza and Viral Pneumonia
Influenza and other respiratory viruses are commonly identified in patients with community-acquired pneumonia, hospital-acquired pneumonia, and in immunocompromised patients with pneumonia. Clinically, it is difficult to differentiate viral from bacterial pneumonia. Similarly, the radiological findings of viral infection are in general nonspecific. The advent of polymerase chain reaction testing has enormously facilitated the identification of respiratory viruses, which has important implications for infection control measures and treatment. Currently, treatment options for patients with viral infection are limited but the...
Source: Infectious Diseases Clinics of North America - January 26, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Rodrigo Cavallazzi, Julio A. Ramirez Source Type: research
Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Immunocompromised Patients
Semin Respir Crit Care Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1778137Due to higher survival rates with good quality of life, related to new treatments in the fields of oncology, hematology, and transplantation, the number of immunocompromised patients is increasing. But these patients are at high risk of intensive care unit admission because of numerous complications. Acute respiratory failure due to severe community-acquired pneumonia is one of the leading causes of admission. In this setting, the need for invasive mechanical ventilation is up to 60%, associated with a high hospital mortality rate of around 40 to 50%. A wide range of pa...
Source: Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - January 24, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Chean, Dara Windsor, Camille Lafarge, Antoine Dupont, Thibault Nakaa, Sabrine Whiting, Livia Joseph, Adrien Lemiale, Virginie Azoulay, Elie Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Advancement in pleura effusion diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of point-of-care ultrasound versus radiographic thoracic imaging
ConclusionPOCUS as an imaging modality has higher diagnostic accuracy than CXR in detecting pleural effusion. Moreover, the accuracy is still high even when performed by physicians with less POCUS training. Therefore, we suggest it is considered a first-line imaging tool for diagnosing pleural effusion at the patients ’ bedside. (Source: Critical Ultrasound Journal)
Source: Critical Ultrasound Journal - January 23, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Vitamin D and human health: evidence from Mendelian randomization studies
AbstractWe summarized the current evidence on vitamin D and major health outcomes from Mendelian randomization (MR) studies. PubMed and Embase were searched for original MR studies on vitamin D in relation to any health outcome from inception to September 1, 2022. Nonlinear MR findings were excluded due to concerns about the validity of the statistical methods used. A meta-analysis was preformed to synthesize study-specific estimates after excluding overlapping samples, where applicable. The methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated according to the STROBE-MR checklist. A total of 133 MR publications wer...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - January 12, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Safety and Pharmacokinetics Following Oral or Intravenous Lefamulin in Adults With Cystic Fibrosis
Clin Ther. 2024 Jan 8:S0149-2918(23)00475-7. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2023.12.002. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPURPOSE: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections are increasing in prevalence in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and are associated with worsening lung function and increased mortality. Lefamulin is a pleuromutilin antimicrobial approved to treat community-acquired bacterial pneumonia based on potent in vitro activity and clinical efficacy. This Phase I, open-label, randomized crossover study assessed the safety and pharmacokinetic profile of oral and intravenous (IV) lefamulin in adults with C...
Source: Clinical Therapeutics - January 9, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Gregory S Sawicki Wolfgang W Wicha Tara S Hiley Nicole C Close Steven P Gelone Christine J Guico-Pabia Source Type: research
Plasma levels of neurogenic inflammation related neuropeptides in pediatric patients with community-acquired pneumonia and their potential diagnostic value in distinguishing viral and bacterial pneumonia
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that these neuropeptides may be implicated in pediatric CAP. CGRP, SP and NPY together may be a promising candidate in distinguishing viral and bacterial/mixed pneumonia, however, for this, further studies are needed.What is Known:• Neurogenic inflammation contributes to the development and progression of respiratory inflammatory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchial asthma.What is New:• Plasma levels of neurogenic inflammation related neuropeptides calcitonin gene-related peptide, substance P, vasoactive intestinal peptide and neuropeptide Y are changed ...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - January 6, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Risk factors for prolonged mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients with influenza-related acute respiratory distress syndrome
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with influenza-related ARDS and PMV have a high mortality rate. Risk factors for PMV include BMI > 25, ECMO use, combined bacterial pneumonia and neuromuscular blockade use over 48 h. In addition, ECMO use and bacteremia predict unsuccessful weaning in PMV patients.PMID:38178147 | DOI:10.1186/s12931-023-02648-3 (Source: Respiratory Care)
Source: Respiratory Care - January 4, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Pai-Chi Hsu Yi-Tsung Lin Kuo-Chin Kao Chung-Kan Peng Chau-Chyun Sheu Shinn-Jye Liang Ming-Cheng Chan Hao-Chien Wang Yu-Mu Chen Wei-Chih Chen Kuang-Yao Yang TSIRC (Taiwan Severe Influenza Research Consortium) Source Type: research
