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How to use genetic testing after sudden infant death syndrome
Since the early 1990s, the rate of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) has reduced by over 80% in the UK, principally due to public health education regarding safer sleep, in particular the ‘Back-to-Sleep’ campaign, and to a smaller degree the introduction of newborn screening for metabolic conditions.1 2 Despite this, SIDS is still one of the leading causes of postneonatal infant death in developed countries. The triple risk hypothesis states that SIDS occurs due to having (1) a vulnerable infant (2) during a critical development period and (3) a minor exogenous stressor (figure 1). Genetic testing is likely t...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Education and Practice - September 19, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Bryson, L. J., Joss, S. Tags: Research in Practice Source Type: research

The three horizons model applied to medical science
Postgrad Med. 2022 Sep 12. doi: 10.1080/00325481.2022.2124086. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe three horizons model is a framework that helps manage an organization's innovation strategy. This model considers three aspects (horizons) that should be present in the institution and guide the development of new systems. Applied to medical science, the horizons are considered as paradigms that set the guidelines for clinical knowledge. New technologies can influence this model by causing disruptive changes. Horizon 1 (evidence-based medicine) reflects the current paradigm and emphasizes the aspect of continuous improvement ne...
Source: Postgraduate Medicine - September 12, 2022 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Juan M Roman-Belmonte Hortensia De la Corte-Rodriguez E Carlos Rodriguez-Merchan Aranzazu Vazquez-Sasot Beatriz A Rodriguez-Damiani Cristina Resino-Lu ís Francisco Sanchez-Laguna Source Type: research

The three horizons model applied to medical science
Postgrad Med. 2022 Sep 14:1-8. doi: 10.1080/00325481.2022.2124086. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe three horizons model is a framework that helps manage an organization's innovation strategy. This model considers three aspects (horizons) that should be present in the institution and guide the development of new systems. Applied to medical science, the horizons are considered as paradigms that set the guidelines for clinical knowledge. New technologies can influence this model by causing disruptive changes. Horizon 1 (evidence-based medicine) reflects the current paradigm and emphasizes the aspect of continuous improvemen...
Source: Postgraduate Medicine - September 12, 2022 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Juan M Roman-Belmonte Hortensia De la Corte-Rodriguez E Carlos Rodriguez-Merchan Aranzazu Vazquez-Sasot Beatriz A Rodriguez-Damiani Cristina Resino-Lu ís Francisco Sanchez-Laguna Source Type: research

Pulmonary immune profiling of SIDS: impaired immune maturation and age-related cytokine imbalance
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that an impaired maturation of the immune system, an insufficient response to respiratory pathogens, and an immune response modulated by Th1/Th2 imbalance might play a possible role in triggering SIDS. These findings might in part be explained by chronic stress.IMPACT: Maturation of the cytokine and chemokine network may be impaired in SIDS. An imbalance between Th1- and Th2-related cytokines, which may reflect a state of chronic stress causing a more Th2 shift. An impaired immune maturation, an insufficient response to respiratory pathogens, and an immune response modulated by Th1/Th2 imb...
Source: Pediatric Research - August 19, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Dong Qu Theresa A Engelmann Vanessa Preuss Lars Hagemeier Lena Radomsky Kerstin Beushausen Jana Keil Benedikt Vennemann Christine S Falk Michael Klintschar Source Type: research

IJERPH, Vol. 19, Pages 10270: Development of a Risk Score to Predict Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
Rosenblatt Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is the third leading cause of death among infants younger than one year of age. Effective SIDS prediction models have yet to be developed. Hence, we developed a risk score for SIDS, testing contemporary factors including infant exposure to passive smoke, circumcision, and sleep position along with known risk factors based on 291 SIDS and 242 healthy control infants. The data were retrieved from death certificates, parent interviews, and medical records collected between 1989&ndash;1992, prior to the Back to Sleep Campaign. Multivariable logistic regression models ...
Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health - August 18, 2022 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Mounika Polavarapu Hillary Klonoff-Cohen Divya Joshi Praveen Kumar Ruopeng An Karin Rosenblatt Tags: Article Source Type: research

Paediatric sudden unexpected death in epilepsy: from pathophysiology to prevention
Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is a witnessed or unwitnessed fatal event, which may include seizures, in patients with epilepsy without evidence of status epilepticus, trauma, drowning, or other toxicologic or anatomic aetiologies, as demonstrated by autopsy (Table 1) [1]. SUDEP may represent a clinical continuum with other conditions leading to sudden death in young people, such as sudden unexpected infant death and sudden infant death syndrome (Table 1) [1]. (Source: Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy)
Source: Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy - July 31, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Mario Mastrangelo, Dario Esposito Source Type: research

IJERPH, Vol. 19, Pages 9109: The Effect of High and Low Ambient Temperature on Infant Health: A Systematic Review
ri Kovats Children, and particularly infants, have physiological, anatomic, and social factors that increase vulnerability to temperature extremes. We performed a systematic review to explore the association between acute adverse infant outcomes (children 0&ndash;1 years) and exposure to high and low ambient temperatures. MEDLINE (Pubmed), Embase, CINAHL Plus, and Global Health were searched alongside the reference lists of key papers. We included published journal papers in English that assessed adverse infant outcomes related to short-term weather-related temperature exposure. Twenty-six studies met our inclu...
Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health - July 26, 2022 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Darshnika Pemi Lakhoo Helen Abigail Blake Matthew Francis Chersich Britt Nakstad Sari Kovats Tags: Review Source Type: research

Birth weight reference for Japanese twins and risk factors for infant mortality: A population-based study
by Yuri Ishida, Yo Takemoto, Masaya Kato, Mahbub Latif, Erika Ota, Naho Morisaki, Atsuo Itakura There is no standard birth weight curve for twins in Japan other than a prototype curve based on 1988–1991. Twins have a high perinatal mortality rate than singletons; therefore, we developed a new standard curve for twin birth weight using data from the 1995–2016 Vital Statistics and compared it with previous reports. We used 469,064 cases for analysis, excluding stillbirths and cases with missing values, and created a standard curve using LMS (statistical methods to vary the distribution by using skewness, median, and coe...
Source: PLoS One - July 14, 2022 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yuri Ishida Source Type: research

Model-based estimation of QT intervals of mouse fetal electrocardiogram
Abnormal prolongation in the QT interval or long QT syndrome (LQTS) is associated with several cardiac complications such as sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). LQTS is believed to be linked to genetic mutati... (Source: BioMedical Engineering OnLine)
Source: BioMedical Engineering OnLine - June 29, 2022 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Namareq Widatalla, Kiyoe Funamoto, Motoyoshi Kawataki, Chihiro Yoshida, Kenichi Funamoto, Masatoshi Saito, Yoshiyuki Kasahara, Ahsan Khandoker and Yoshitaka Kimura Tags: Research Source Type: research

Variants in genes encoding the SUR1-TRPM4 non-selective cation channel and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS): potentially increased risk for cerebral edema
AbstractIncreasing evidence suggests that brain edema might play an important role in the pathogenesis of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and that variants of genes for cerebral water channels might be associated with SIDS. The role of the sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) –transient receptor potential melastatin 4 (TRPM4) non-selective cation channel in cerebral edema was demonstrated by extensive studies. Therefore, we hypothesized that variants at genes of the SUR1-TRPM4 channel complex might be linked to SIDS. Twenty-four polymorphisms in candidate genes involve d in the SUR1-TRPM4 non-selective cation channel were ...
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - June 20, 2022 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Breastfeeding: debunking preconceptions and removing barriers
Breastfeeding has benefits for both the mother and child and should be encouraged and supported by healthcare professionals where possible. Fully breastfeeding an infant for 6 months has been shown to carry a lower incidence of gastrointestinal illness, sudden infant death syndrome, respiratory illnesses and childhood leukaemia. For the mother, there is a reduction in breast cancer, hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Prescribing decisions in the breastfed mother should b e an individualized decision and take into account the risks and benefits of treatment. (Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine)
Source: Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine - June 8, 2022 Category: OBGYN Authors: Sarah Barnes, Sophie Bennett, Shreelata Datta Tags: Case-based learning Source Type: research

Variants in genes encoding the SUR1-TRPM4 non-selective cation channel and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS): potentially increased risk for cerebral edema
AbstractIncreasing evidence suggests that brain edema might play an important role in the pathogenesis of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and that variants of genes for cerebral water channels might be associated with SIDS. The role of the sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) –transient receptor potential melastatin 4 (TRPM4) non-selective cation channel in cerebral edema was demonstrated by extensive studies. Therefore, we hypothesized that variants at genes of the SUR1-TRPM4 channel complex might be linked to SIDS. Twenty-four polymorphisms in candidate genes involve d in the SUR1-TRPM4 non-selective cation channel were ...
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - June 7, 2022 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Positioning for acute respiratory distress in hospitalised infants and children
CONCLUSIONS: Although included studies suggest that prone positioning may offer some advantage, there was little evidence to make definitive recommendations. There appears to be low certainty evidence that positioning improves oxygenation in mechanically ventilated children with ARDS. Due to the increased risk of SIDS with prone positioning and lung injury with artificial ventilation, it is recommended that hospitalised infants and children should only be placed in this position while under continuous cardiorespiratory monitoring.PMID:35661343 | DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD003645.pub4 (Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - June 6, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Abhishta P Bhandari Daniel A Nnate Lenny Vasanthan Menelaos Konstantinidis Jacqueline Thompson Source Type: research

Positioning for acute respiratory distress in hospitalised infants and children
CONCLUSIONS: Although included studies suggest that prone positioning may offer some advantage, there was little evidence to make definitive recommendations. There appears to be low certainty evidence that positioning improves oxygenation in mechanically ventilated children with ARDS. Due to the increased risk of SIDS with prone positioning and lung injury with artificial ventilation, it is recommended that hospitalised infants and children should only be placed in this position while under continuous cardiorespiratory monitoring.PMID:35661343 | PMC:PMC9169533 | DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD003645.pub4 (Source: Cochrane Database...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - June 6, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Abhishta P Bhandari Daniel A Nnate Lenny Vasanthan Menelaos Konstantinidis Jacqueline Thompson Source Type: research