The three horizons model applied to medical science

Postgrad Med. 2022 Sep 12. doi: 10.1080/00325481.2022.2124086. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe three horizons model is a framework that helps manage an organization's innovation strategy. This model considers three aspects (horizons) that should be present in the institution and guide the development of new systems. Applied to medical science, the horizons are considered as paradigms that set the guidelines for clinical knowledge. New technologies can influence this model by causing disruptive changes. Horizon 1 (evidence-based medicine) reflects the current paradigm and emphasizes the aspect of continuous improvement needed to strengthen it, such as with the introduction of the GRADE (Grades of Recommendation Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) methodology. Evidence-based medicine has made it possible to stop performing harmful interventions like autologous bone marrow or stem cell transplantation in cancer treatment for women with early poor prognosis breast cancer or to discontinue the erroneous belief that children should not sleep on their backs to prevent sudden infant death syndrome. Horizon 2 (real-world evidence) refers to a new model in which innovation has generated new capabilities. This change makes it possible to correct weaknesses of the previous paradigm, as in the case of pragmatic clinical trials. Real-world evidence has been used to show that drugs such as tofacitinib are effective without using methotrexate as background or to demonstrate the effica...
Source: Postgraduate Medicine - Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Source Type: research