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Total 256 results found since Jan 2013.

Recurrent stroke in childhood cancer survivors
Conclusion: Survivors of childhood cancer, particularly those previously treated with high-dose cranial radiation, have a high risk of recurrent stroke for decades after a first stroke. Although these strokes are mostly occurring in young adulthood, hypertension, an established atherosclerotic risk factor, independently predicts recurrent stroke in this population.
Source: Neurology - September 21, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Fullerton, H. J., Stratton, K., Mueller, S., Leisenring, W. W., Armstrong, G. T., Weathers, R. E., Stovall, M., Sklar, C. A., Goldsby, R. E., Robison, L. L., Krull, K. R. Tags: Childhood stroke, Stroke in young adults, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Primary brain tumor ARTICLE Source Type: research

Basic principles and technique of diffusion-weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging.
CONCLUSION: Diffusion-weighted MRI is an established technique for the assessment of pathological processes. Although DWI is mainly applied in stroke diagnostics, it is increasingly being used to detect and characterize various lesions in the brain as well as in the whole body. With new sequence techniques imaging artefacts can be significantly reduced. In addition, DTI allows the reconstruction and 3-dimensional visualization of tissue fibre structure. This method has proven to be clinically important primarily for the depiction of nerve tracts in the brain and spinal cord when planning surgical interventions and radiatio...
Source: Der Radiologe - September 2, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Backens M Tags: Radiologe Source Type: research

Susceptibility-weighted imaging in stroke-like migraine attacks after radiation therapy syndrome
Conclusion These preliminary findings suggest that SWI may help identify SMART syndrome or at least help discriminate it from other disorders, by the findings of numerous susceptibility hypointensities on SWI likely representing RICHs, gyriform enhancement on T1WI, and postsurgical findings or appropriate clinical history.
Source: Neuroradiology - August 5, 2015 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Refractory status epilepticus due to SMART syndrome
Conclusions Taking into account clinical evolution and ictal neuroimaging studies, status epilepticus could explain the origin of these episodes in SMART syndrome. Although most patients have reversible symptoms, in some cases, aggressive treatment to avoid sequelae is needed. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled “Status Epilepticus”.
Source: Epilepsy and Behavior - June 12, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Refractory status epilepticus due to SMART syndrome.
CONCLUSIONS: Taking into account clinical evolution and ictal neuroimaging studies, status epilepticus could explain the origin of these episodes in SMART syndrome. Although most patients have reversible symptoms, in some cases, aggressive treatment to avoid sequelae is needed. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Status Epilepticus". PMID: 26071996 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Epilepsy and Behaviour - June 11, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Jaraba S, Puig O, Miró J, Velasco R, Castañer S, Rodríguez L, Izquierdo C, Simó M, Veciana M, Falip M Tags: Epilepsy Behav Source Type: research

High-resolution MRI of radiation-induced intracranial vasculopathy
A 46-year-old woman without traditional stroke risk factors presented with acute left limbs numbness. Two years prior, she had a right cranio-orbital junction meningioma resected and received radiation therapy (target dose DT 60 Gy/30 F, 5 F/W, 2 Gy/F). MRI revealed a diffusion-positive focus within the anterior periventricular white matter. CT angiography showed >50% right middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis. High-resolution MRI (HRMRI) suggested concentric vessel wall thickening with contrast enhancement (figure).
Source: Neurology - February 9, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Li, M., Wu, S.-W., Xu, W.-H. Tags: All Clinical Neurology, Fungal infections, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke NEUROIMAGES Source Type: research

Teaching NeuroImages: Radiation-associated symptomatic carotid artery disease with ipsilateral radiodermatitis
A 68-year-old man with a history of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue treated with external beam radiation therapy in 2007 presented in 2013 with acute onset expressive aphasia and right lower facial weakness. MRI confirmed an acute infarct in the left frontal cortex. CT angiography revealed occlusion vs critical stenosis of the left internal carotid artery, new from 2007. Examination of the patient's neck revealed ipsilateral radiodermatitis (figure). Therapeutic neck irradiation has been associated with accelerated atheromatous disease, carotid artery stenosis, and increased risk of stroke.1,2 Ipsilateral radiodermat...
Source: Neurology - February 2, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Ehrlich, M. E., Gulvezan, T., Southerland, A. M. Tags: All Imaging, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke RESIDENT AND FELLOW SECTION Source Type: research

The Syndrome of Stroke-like Migraine Attacks After Radiation Therapy Associated With Prolonged Unresponsiveness in an Adult Patient
Conclusions: Reduced level of consciousness of such severity and duration as observed here has not previously been described in SMART syndrome. This report, however, suggests that an excellent prognosis can be expected even in cases of prolonged unresponsiveness. The pathogenic mechanisms of SMART syndrome remain unclear, but may involve pathways common to both migraine and epilepsy.
Source: The Neurologist - January 1, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: Case Report/Case Series Source Type: research

Phase II trial of hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiation therapy combined with temozolomide and bevacizumab for patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma
This study demonstrated 90 % 6-month PFS and OS comparable to historic data in patients receiving standard treatment. Bevacizumab did not prevent radiation necrosis associated with this hypofractionated radiation regimen and large PTV volumes may have contributed to high rates of presumed radiation necrosis.
Source: Journal of Neuro-Oncology - December 19, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

SMART syndrome: Stroke-like migraine attack after radiation therapy
A 57-year-old woman presented with intense headache 13 years after cranioplasty and radiation treatment for occipital osteosarcoma. Examination showed anomia and paraphasic errors, right homonymous hemianopia, and dysmetria of the right arm. MRI during hospitalization demonstrated diffuse pathologic enhancement in the left parieto-occipital lobe (figure, A) and extensive gyral edema (figure, B and C). EEG while she was symptomatic showed left-predominant posterior quadrant slowing without epileptiform abnormalities. She was diagnosed with stroke-like migraine attacks after radiation therapy (SMART) syndrome and treated wit...
Source: Nature Clinical Practice - December 8, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Wang, N., Prasad, S. Tags: All Headache, MRI, Radiation therapy-tumor Cases Source Type: research

In search of a treatment for radiation-induced optic neuropathy
Opinion statement Radiation-induced optic neuropathy (RON) is an iatrogenic complication that causes severe, irreversible vision loss in one or both eyes within the months to years following radiation therapy. Posterior RON is a rare but devastating toxicity of radiation applied to the visual pathways to treat paranasal sinus and skull base tumors. Anterior RON is an unavoidable consequence of proton beam irradiation or ophthalmic plaque treatment of orbital, choroidal, or retinal tumors. Various treatments aimed at stabilizing and ideally reversing vision loss have been investigated but only in small cases serie...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Neurology - November 8, 2014 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Rt-08 * proton therapy (pt) large-volume re-irradiation for recurrent glioma: overall survival (os) and toxicity outcomes
CONCLUSION: Large-volume PT re-irradiation for recurrent glioma is safe and associated with promising OS outcomes, particularly in the setting of bevacizumab-refractory tumors.
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 3, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Desai, B., Rockne, R., Rademaker, A., Raizer, J., Paleologos, N., Merrell, R., Grimm, S., Azeem, S., Hartsell, W., Sweeney, P., Swanson, K., Gondi, V. Tags: RADIATION THERAPY (CLINICAL AND/OR LABORATORY RESEARCH) Source Type: research

E-006 Familial Incidence of the Congenital Torcular Dural Arteriovenous Shunt
Purpose There are several hereditary disorders that are well known to be associated with arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) involving the central nervous system including Sturge-Weber, Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber, and Parkes-Weber syndromes as well as hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia and hereditary neurocutaneous angiomatosis. Furthermore, familial incidence of AVMs in the absence of congenital hereditary disorders also has been reported. Herein, we describe the occurrence of the giant torcular herophili (TH) dural arteriovenous fistula (AVF) in two pediatric cousins treated with endovascular embolization. Case report C...
Source: Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery - July 26, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Honarmand, A., Hurley, M., Daruwalla, V., Ansari, S., Shaibani, A. Tags: Electronic poster abstracts Source Type: research

Microvascular free tissue reconstruction in the patient with multiple courses of radiation
ConclusionsMicrovascular free tissue transfer to the head and neck is expected to provide a successful reconstruction in patients who have received multiple courses of radiation and who develop second primary tumors, recurrence of disease, or who suffer from late complications of their radiation therapy. Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope 124:2252–2256, 2014
Source: The Laryngoscope - May 2, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Eli A. Gordin, Yadranko Ducic Tags: Facial Plastics and Reconstructive Surgery Source Type: research

Headaches in brain tumor patients: primary or secondary?
CONCLUSION: Our literature review revealed that brain tumor headache uncommonly presents with classic brain tumor headache characteristics and often satisfies criteria for a primary headache category such as migraine or tension-type. Thus, clinicians may miss headaches due to brain tumors in following ICHD-3 criteria, and the distinction between primary and secondary headache disorders may not be so clear-cut. PMID: 24697234 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Headache - April 1, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Nelson S, Taylor LP Tags: Headache Source Type: research