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Total 372 results found since Jan 2013.

Cessation of anti-coagulation for bleeding and subsequent thrombosis events with a fully magnetically levitated centrifugal left ventricular assist device
Anti-coagulation therapy for patients supported by a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) has not been adequately evaluated in relevance to newer pumps, such as the fully magnetically levitated HeartMate 3 (HM3) pump. Current anti-coagulation guidelines target a goal international normalized ratio (INR) of 2.0 to 3.0, with vitamin K antagonists to mitigate the risk of pump thrombosis and ischemic stroke, but are based on historical trials with older devices. Long-term outcomes associated with newer devices, such as the centrifugal-flow HM3, have demonstrated a marked decrease in the incidence of pump thrombosis compared w...
Source: The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation - April 28, 2019 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Igor Gosev, Brian Ayers, Katherine Wood, Bryan Barrus, Sunil Prasad Tags: CASE ANECDOTES, COMMENTS AND OPINIONS Source Type: research

Neurological Involvement in Primary Systemic Vasculitis
Conclusion Neurological involvement is a common complication of PSV (Table 1), and neurologists play an important role in the identification and diagnosis of PSV patients with otherwise unexplained neurological symptoms as their chief complaint. This article summarizes the neurological manifestations of PSV and hopes to improve neuroscientists' understanding of this broad range of diseases. TABLE 1 Table 1. Common CNS and PNS involvements of primary systemic vasculitis. Author Contributions SZ conceived the article and wrote the manuscript. DY and GT reviewed and edited the manuscript. All authors ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

1 Ventricular assist devices: developments in asia and global outlook for the next 10 years
The advent of left ventricular assist systems to support patients with advanced-stage heart failure has been a 50 year odyssey, now available broadly to such patients.1 Engineering advances have ushered in an era of small, durable devices that can be fully implanted within the chest. Yet, haemocompatibility related adverse events, which emanate from the interaction between the device and the patient they support are manifest principally in increased stroke rates, de novo device thrombosis requiring replacement and in gastrointestinal bleeding (a peculiar adverse event resulting from the unnatural physiology of continuous f...
Source: Heart Asia - April 24, 2019 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mehra, M. R. Tags: Keynote Lecture Source Type: research

Stroke Dysbiosis Index (SDI) in Gut Microbiome Are Associated With Brain Injury and Prognosis of Stroke
Conclusions: We developed an index to measure gut microbiota dysbiosis in stroke patients; this index was significantly correlated with patients' outcome and was causally related to outcome in a mouse model of stroke. Our model facilitates the potential clinical application of gut microbiota data in stroke and adds quantitative evidence linking the gut microbiota to stroke. Introduction Ischemic stroke imposes a heavy burden on society, with 24.9 million cases worldwide (1). Although intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular treatment greatly improve some patients' prognosis, the prognosis for most pa...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

World-Wide Efficacy of Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Preclinical Ischemic Stroke Models: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Conclusions: Our results show worldwide efficacy of BM-MSCs in improving functional outcomes in pre-clinical animal models of stroke and support testing these cells in clinical trials in various ranges of time windows using different delivery routes. The continued growing number of publications showing functional benefit of BM-MSCs are now adding limited value to an oversaturated literature spanning 18 years. Researchers should focus on identifying definitive mechanisms on how BM-MSCs lead to benefit in stroke models. Introduction Ischemic stroke is the 5th leading cause of death and the leading cause of long term di...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Ability to Suppress TGF- β-Activated Myofibroblast Differentiation Distinguishes the Anti-pulmonary Fibrosis Efficacy of Two Danshen-Containing Chinese Herbal Medicine Prescriptions
Conclusion: This study suggests that a clinically efficacious cardiovascular Chinese herbal medicine (DLP) can be successfully repurposed to treat a lung disease in pulmonary fibrosis guided by TCM theory. Our comparative study between DLP and DHP demonstrated a critical requirement of suppressing both pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic pathways for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis, supporting that a multi-component prescription capable of “removing both phlegm and blood stasis” will better achieve co-protection of heart and lung in PHD. Introduction Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic ...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 23, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Exercise as a Prescription for Patients with Various Diseases
Publication date: Available online 18 April 2019Source: Journal of Sport and Health ScienceAuthor(s): Xin Luan, Xiangyang Tian, Haixin Zhang, Rui Huang, Na Li, Peijie Chen, Ru WangAbstractA growing understanding of the benefits of exercise over the past few decades has prompted researchers to take an interest in the possibilities of exercise therapy. Because each sport has its own set of characteristics and physiological complications that tend to appear during exercise training, the effects and underlying mechanisms of exercise remain unclear. Thus, the first step in probing exercise effects on different diseases is the s...
Source: Journal of Sport and Health Science - April 20, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research

Pentraxin 3 in Cardiovascular Disease
Giuseppe Ristagno1*, Francesca Fumagalli1, Barbara Bottazzi2, Alberto Mantovani2,3,4, Davide Olivari1, Deborah Novelli1 and Roberto Latini1 1Department of Cardiovascular Research, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCS, Milan, Italy 2Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy 3Humanitas University, Milan, Italy 4The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom The long pentraxin PTX3 is a member of the pentraxin family produced locally by stromal and myeloid cells in response to proinflammatory signals and microbial moieties. The p...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 16, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Sickle Cell Disease Subjects Have a Distinct Abnormal Autonomic Phenotype Characterized by Peripheral Vasoconstriction With Blunted Cardiac Response to Head-Up Tilt
Conclusion We have shown that SCD subjects are much more likely than non-SCD subjects to have impaired cardiac, but intact peripheral responses to orthostatic stress induced by HUT. These abnormal responses are associated with low baseline cardiac parasympathetic activity, independent of hemoglobin level. The classification of autonomic phenotypes based on HUT response may have potential use for predicting disease severity, guiding and targeting treatments/interventions to alleviate the risk of adverse outcomes in SCD. Ethics Statement All experiments were conducted at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles (CHLA). The ...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 10, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Effects of Normothermic Machine Perfusion Conditions on Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
In this study the effect of NMP perfusion fluid on survival, metabolism and function of thawed cryopreserved human (h)MSC and porcine (p)MSC in suspension conditions was studied. Suspension conditions reduced the viability of pMSC by 40% in both perfusion fluid and culture medium. Viability of hMSC was reduced by suspension conditions by 15% in perfusion fluid, whilst no differences were found in survival in culture medium. Under adherent conditions, survival of the cells was not affected by perfusion fluid. The perfusion fluid did not affect survival of fresh MSC in suspension compared to the control culture medium. The f...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 9, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Medtronic touts stroke data for HeartWare LVAD
A retrospective analysis of two studies involved the HeartWare left-ventricular assist device Medtronic (NYSE:MDT) acquired in 2016 showed that managing blood pressure reduced the severity of strokes in patients implanted with the HVAD pump. The analysis, of “destination therapy” patients who are not candidates for a heart transplant, took data from the Endurance and Endurance Supplemental studies. Results were presented this week at the annual meeting of the International Society for Heart & Lung Transplantation in London, Medtronic said. The 465-patient Endurance Supplemental study compared 308 patients i...
Source: Mass Device - April 5, 2019 Category: Medical Devices Authors: Brad Perriello Tags: Cardiac Assist Devices Clinical Trials Featured Abbott HeartWare International Inc. Medtronic stjudemedical Thoratec Corp. Source Type: news

Usefulness of anti-platelet therapy testing in children supported with a ventricular assist device
Stroke is the most recognized complication associated with the Berlin Heart EXCOR pediatric ventricular assist device (VAD).1 –3 Thromboelastography with Platelet Mapping (TEG/PM) has become the most commonly used platelet function test utilized in U.S. children supported with the EXCOR4 after it was incorporated into the Edmonton Antithrombotic Guideline for the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Trial of the EXCOR (refe r to Supplementary Material available online at www.jhltonline.org/).1 Despite its use, stroke occurred in one third of children in the EXCOR trial.
Source: The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation - April 2, 2019 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Lindsay J. May, Xiaoxi Liu, Tiffany Tesoro, Jaden Yang, Clara Lo, Sharon Chen, Jenna Murray, David N. Rosenthal, Alan D. Michelson, Christopher S. Almond Tags: RESEARCH CORRESPONDENCE Source Type: research

Usefulness of antiplatelet therapy testing in children supported with a ventricular assist device
Stroke is the most recognized complication associated with the Berlin Heart EXCOR ® Pediatric ventricular assist device (VAD).1-3 Thromboelastography with Platelet Mapping® (TEG/PM) has become the most commonly used platelet function test in US children supported with the EXCOR®4 after it was incorporated into the Edmonton Antithrombotic Guideline for the FDA Trial of the EXCO R® (Supplementary File).1 Despite its use, stroke occurred in one-third of children in the EXCOR® trial.1-3 Thus, some clinicians have questioned its validity as a primary means to guide antiplatelet therapy dosing in EXCOR® recipients.
Source: The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation - April 2, 2019 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Lindsay J. May, Xiaoxi Liu, Tiffany Tesoro, Jaden Yang, Clara Lo, Sharon Chen, Jenna Murray, David N. Rosenthal, Alan D. Michelson, Christopher S. Almond Tags: Research Correspondence Source Type: research

Stroke and death risk in ventricular assist device patients varies by ISHLT infection category: An INTERMACS analysis
Ventricular assist device (VAD) patients often experience infections, which increase the risk of stroke and mortality. Using the definitions of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT), we have characterized differences in clinical outcomes for categories of infection: VAD-specific (e.g., pump component related); VAD-related (e.g., bloodstream infection, BSI); and non-VAD infections (e.g., pneumonia).
Source: The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation - April 2, 2019 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Palak Shah, Sarah E. Birk, Lauren B. Cooper, Mitchell A. Psotka, James K. Kirklin, Scott D. Barnett, Shalika B. Katugaha, Sheila Phillips, Mary M. Looby, Francis D. Pagani, Jennifer A. Cowger Tags: ORIGINAL CLINICAL SCIENCE Source Type: research

Peak Left Atrial Appendage Emptying Velocity Remains Reduced in Atrial Fibrillation during Continuous Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device Support
Although regions of stasis such as the left atrial appendage (LAA) may be potential sites of thrombus formation during atrial fibrillation (AF), its thrombotic contribution during high flow mechanical unloading is unknown. Moreover, registry studies only show a mixed association of AF and stroke during continuous flow left ventricular assist device (CF LVAD) support. Since a lower peak Left Atrial Appendage Emptying Velocity (LAAEV) of less than 40 cm/s during AF, mechanistically contributes to thrombosis and stroke in non-CF LVAD populations, we sought to evaluate the LAAEV in CF LVAD patients with and without AF.
Source: The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation - March 16, 2019 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: A. Rahman, E. Tam, L. ZHeng, J. Fontes, S. Forest, S. Vukelic, D. Sims, J. Shin, S. Patel, D.J. Goldstein, U.P. Jorde, O. Saeed Tags: 88 Source Type: research