Filtered By:
Drug: Nicotine

This page shows you your search results in order of relevance.

Order by Relevance | Date

Total 216 results found since Jan 2013.

Cholinergic Pathway Suppresses Pulmonary Innate Immunity Facilitating Pneumonia After Stroke Basic Sciences
Conclusions— Thus, cholinergic pathways play a pivotal role in the development of pulmonary infections after acute central nervous system injury.
Source: Stroke - October 26, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Engel, O., Akyuz, L., da Costa Goncalves, A. C., Winek, K., Dames, C., Thielke, M., Herold, S., Bottcher, C., Priller, J., Volk, H. D., Dirnagl, U., Meisel, C., Meisel, A. Tags: Animal models of human disease, Pulmonary biology and circulation, Acute Cerebral Infarction Basic Sciences Source Type: research

Delayed Varenicline Administration Reduces Inflammation and Improves Forelimb Use Following Experimental Stroke
Pharmacological activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP), specifically by activating α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, has been shown to confer short-term improvements in outcome. Most studies have investigated administration within 24 hours of stroke, and few have investigated drugs approved for use in human patients. We investigated whether delayed administration of varenicli ne, a high-affinity agonist at α7 nicotinic receptors and an established therapy for nicotine addiction, decreased brain inflammation and improved functional performance in a mouse model of experimental stroke.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - August 7, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Siyi Chen, Laura Bennet, Ailsa L. McGregor Source Type: research

Nicotine Treatment Ameliorates Blood-Brain Barrier Damage After Acute Ischemic Stroke by Regulating Endothelial Scaffolding Protein Pdlim5
AbstractAnalysis of a National Institutes of Health (NIH) trial shows that cigarette smoking protected tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)-treated patients from hemorrhage transformation (HT); however, the underlying mechanism is not clear. Damage to the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the pathological basis of HT. Here, we investigated the molecular events of BBB damage after acute ischemic stroke (AIS) usingin vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) andin vivo mice middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) models. Our results showed that the permeability of bEND.3 monolayer endothelial cells was significantly i...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 26, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Effect of Inflammation on the Process of Stroke Rehabilitation and Poststroke Depression
Conclusions Stroke comprises ischemic stroke and ICH. The immuno-inflammatory process is involved in neural plasticity following events such as a hemorrhage or ischemic stroke. After ischemia, astrocytes, microglia, and MDMs play important roles during rehabilitation with the modulation of cytokines or chemokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1. Moreover, MiRNAs are also important posttranscriptional regulators in these glial mitochondrial responses to cerebral ischemia. ICH involves processes similar and different to those seen in ischemia, including neuronal injury, astrocytic and microglial/macrophage activation, and n...
Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry - April 10, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Supporting the Women in our Lives: Stroke Prevention
May is Stroke Awareness Month and May 10-16th is National Women's Health Week, making this the perfect time to talk about the special challenges women face related to stroke and how women can reduce their risk and protect their health. Being the mid-Atlantic Regional Health Administrator might make stroke prevention my professional duty, but it's my role as a father, husband, and son to so many special women that makes it my personal responsibility. It's alarming to think that every 4 minutes someone in the United States dies of a stroke -- most of them women. Stroke -- which is sometimes called a brain attack -- happens...
Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post - May 18, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Organized Post-Stroke Care through Case Management on the Basis of a Standardized Treatment Pathway : Results of a Single-Centre Pilot Study.
CONCLUSIONS: Our pilot data demonstrate that case management-based post-stroke care is feasible and may contribute to effective secondary prevention of stroke. PMID: 27072795 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Der Nervenarzt - April 11, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Barlinn J, Barlinn K, Helbig U, Siepmann T, Pallesen LP, Urban H, Pütz V, Schmitt J, Reichmann H, Bodechtel U Tags: Nervenarzt Source Type: research

An association between electronic nicotine delivery systems use and a history of stroke using the 2016 behavioral risk factor surveillance system
This study aims to assess, using a survey representative of the USA general population, if an association exists between a history of ENDS use and a history of stroke. This cross-sectional study was a secondary data analysis using the 2016 behavioral risk factor surveillance system survey. The main exposure variable of the study was a self-reported history of ENDS use. The main outcome was a self-reported history of stroke. Covariates included sex, race, traditional cigarette use, smokeless tobacco use, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, myocardial infarction, and coronary artery disease. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic...
Source: Medicine - September 10, 2021 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Observational Study Source Type: research

Snus (Swedish smokeless tobacco) use and risk of stroke: Pooled Analyses of Incidence and Survival
ConclusionUse of snus was not associated with the risk of stroke. Hence, nicotine is unlikely to contribute importantly to the pathophysiology of stroke. However, case fatality was increased in snus users, compared to non‐users, but further studies are needed to determine any possible causal mechanisms.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Journal of Internal Medicine - February 1, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Jenny Hansson, Maria Rosaria Galanti, Maria‐Pia Hergens, Peeter Fredlund, Anders Ahlbom, Lars Alfredsson, Rino Bellocco, Gunnar Engström, Marie Eriksson, Johan Hallqvist, Bo Hedblad, Jan‐Håkan Jansson, Nancy L Pedersen, Ylva Trolle Lagerros, Per‐O Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Pharmacological interventions for unilateral spatial neglect after stroke.
CONCLUSIONS: The quality of the evidence from available RCTs was very low. The effectiveness and safety of pharmacological interventions for USN after stroke are therefore uncertain. Additional large RCTs are needed to evaluate these treatments. PMID: 26544542 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - November 6, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Luvizutto GJ, Bazan R, Braga GP, Resende LA, Bazan SG, El Dib R Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Association between electronic nicotine delivery systems use and risk of stroke: a meta-analysis of 1,024,401 participants
CONCLUSIONS: The ENDS usage appears to be associated with a higher risk of stroke compared to non-use, whereas there was no association between former ENDS use and the risk of stroke.PMID:37732043 | PMC:PMC10507757 | DOI:10.5114/aoms/171473
Source: Archives of Medical Science - September 21, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Kamal Awad Maged Mohammed Seth S Martin Maciej Banach Source Type: research

Call for human contact and support: an interview study exploring patients' experiences with inpatient stroke rehabilitation and their perception of nurses' and nurse assistants' roles and functions.
CONCLUSION: The findings deepen our understanding of how patients experience inpatient rehabilitation. The patients struggled with existential thoughts and concerns about the future and therefore called for human contact and support from the nursing staff. They perceived the nursing staff as mostly polite and helpful, but were unclear about the nursing staff's function in rehabilitation which, in the patients' perspective, equals physical training. Implications for Rehabilitation Nursing staff need to pay attention to the patients' needs, existential thoughts and concerns during inpatient rehabilitation. Meaningful goals f...
Source: Disability and Rehabilitation - October 24, 2017 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Loft MI, Martinsen Woythal B, Esbensen BA, Mathiesen LL, Iversen HK, Poulsen I Tags: Disabil Rehabil Source Type: research

Middle Cerebral Artery Velocities Are Inversely Related to Hemoglobin Levels and Acutely Drop in Response to RBC Transfusion: Implications for Stroke Screening in SCD
DiscussionThese data show a striking relationship between anemia and TCD velocity, and that RBC transfusion can alter MCA velocity. Even an 11% increase in hemoglobin such as that seen in the low-responder in Figure 3 could change a patient classification from high-risk to conditional TCD. These data also show the significant sensitivity of MCA velocity to the depth of measurement (Figure 2 & 3). The investigators in the STOP study went to extreme ends to standardize these measurements. Nonetheless, TCD measures may not be done with such rigor in clinical settings. It is clear that standard TCD screening has been of tr...
Source: Blood - November 21, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Perumbeti, A., Carreras, O., Detterich, J. A., Shah, P., Sunwoo, J., Khoo, M., Wood, J. C., Coates, T. D. Tags: 114. Hemoglobinopathies, Excluding Thalassemia-Clinical: Poster II Source Type: research

To Have (Or Maybe Not Have) a Stroke
"You're not leaving here with your blood pressure that high," the doctor said. It was 189 over something equally ridiculous. It was not interested in coming down. Finally she said, "Okay, pick up this prescription on your way out and take it the minute you get home." Vividly running through my head were images of my mother, who suffered a series of strokes that eventually killed her in her 70th year. Plus images of assorted aunts and others who suffered debilitating strokes and often early deaths. "But . . . but," I said to the doctor, as I have repeatedly said since my carefree youth; "I don't have high blood pressure. My...
Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post - February 10, 2016 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news