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Medical Research: The Best Investment We Can Make in Our Future
While the cure for cancer has been elusive, President Obama's National Cancer Moonshot initiative offers renewed hope that we could see breakthroughs in prevention, detection, and treatment for a disease that affects millions of Americans and their families. The cancer moonshot is the latest demonstration that Washington understands the potential for medical research to change lives and improve the health of all Americans. It builds on the bipartisan support we saw last fall when House and Senate negotiators agreed on a $2 billion budget increase for medical research through the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Today,...
Source: Science - The Huffington Post - February 18, 2016 Category: Science Source Type: news

Effect of Smoking on Joint Replacement Outcomes: Opportunities for Improvement Through Preoperative Smoking Cessation.
Authors: Wright E, Tzeng TH, Ginnetti M, El-Othmani MM, Saleh JK, Saleh J, Lane JM, Mihalko WM, Saleh KJ Abstract Because orthopaedic surgeons focus on identifying serious potential complications, such as heart attack, stroke, and deep vein thrombosis, during the preoperative assessment, correctable factors, such as smoking, may be overlooked. Chronic exposure to nicotine has been correlated with perioperative complications that lead to worse outcomes, including decreased patient satisfaction, longer hospitalization periods, and an increased rate of hospital readmission. It has been proven that smoking is a negativ...
Source: Instructional Course Lectures - April 7, 2016 Category: Orthopaedics Tags: Instr Course Lect Source Type: research

Perceived Health Risks of Snus and Medicinal Nicotine Products
Conclusions: Among smokers seeking an alternative to smoking in a clinic setting, PHR of a product changes after product use but may not be related to product use patterns. Implications: PHRs of snus or medicinal nicotine in smokers assigned to these products become more accurate after product use. PHR does not appear to be associated with patterns of product use; rather satisfaction with a product is a better indicator as to whether a smoker is compliant with only using the product or continues to use the product.
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Hatsukami, D. K., Vogel, R. I., Severson, H. H., Jensen, J. A., OConnor, R. J. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research

Electronic cigarettes and sports: Dangerous liaisons?
Tobacco, including smokeless tobacco (SLT) must be discouraged, especially within 2h before and after a sports session [1]. However, the guidelines did not include the electronic cigarette (EC) which is a new growing mode of nicotine consumption, used as a smoking cessation tool [3]. Acute exercise is a trigger for myocardial infarction or sudden death, potentially enhanced by nicotine, through increased circulating catecholamine levels [2]. Although controversial and less documented than cigarette smoking (CS) [3], the harmful cardiovascular effects of SLT include coronary events and stroke [4].
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - April 12, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Frédéric Chagué, Luc Rochette, Aurélie Gudjoncik, Yves Cottin, Marianne Zeller Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research

Top 20 Research Studies of 2015 for Primary Care Physicians.
This article, the fifth installment in this annual series, summarizes the 20 POEMs based on original research studies judged to have the greatest clinical relevance for family physicians. Key recommendations include questioning the need for backup throat cultures; avoiding early imaging and not adding cyclobenzaprine or oxycodone to naproxen for patients with acute low back pain; and encouraging patients with chronic or recurrent low back pain to walk. Other studies showed that using a nicotine patch for more than eight weeks has little benefit; that exercise can prevent falls that cause injury in at-risk older women; and ...
Source: American Family Physician - April 30, 2016 Category: Primary Care Authors: Ebell MH, Grad R Tags: Am Fam Physician Source Type: research

Has Childhood Smoking Reduced Following Smoke-Free Public Places Legislation? A Segmented Regression Analysis of Cross-Sectional UK School-Based Surveys
Conclusions: Smoke-free legislation may help reduce smoking uptake amongst teenagers, with stronger evidence for an association seen in females. Further research that analyses longitudinal data across more countries is required. Implications: Previous research has established that smoke-free legislation has led to many improvements in population health, including reductions in heart attack, stroke, and asthma. However, the impacts of smoke-free legislation on the rates of smoking amongst children have been less investigated. Analysis of repeated cross-sectional surveys across the four countries of the United Kingdom shows...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - June 10, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Katikireddi, S. V., Der, G., Roberts, C., Haw, S. Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research

PPI Side Effects Destroying Your Blood Vessels
It seems whenever I turn on my TV these days, there’s Larry the Cable Guy with a quick fix for heartburn. He makes it sound so simple. Just pop a pill, eat all the chili dogs you want, and no more heartburn… at least for a couple of weeks. What Is Heartburn? Heartburn is an irritation of the esophagus that is caused by stomach acid. It has nothing to do with the heart. But a new study has found a link between proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) — heartburn drugs — and the premature aging of blood vessels. Heartburn Drugs PPI Side Effects Researchers focused on the effects of two PPIs, one of which is Nexium. They...
Source: Al Sears, MD Natural Remedies - June 16, 2016 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Al Sears Tags: Heart Health Source Type: news

Cardiac Output Monitoring Managing Intravenous Therapy (COMMIT) to Treat Emergency Department Patients with Sepsis
The objectives of this study were to determine if a fluid responsiveness protocol would decrease progression of organ dysfunction, and a fluid responsiveness protocol would facilitate a more aggressive resuscitation. Methods: Prospective, 10-center, randomized interventional trial. Inclusion criteria: suspected sepsis and lactate 2.0 to 4.0 mmol/L. Exclusion criteria (abbreviated): systolic blood pressure more than 90 mmHg, and contraindication to aggressive fluid resuscitation. Intervention: fluid responsiveness protocol using Non-Invasive Cardiac Output Monitor (NICOM) to assess for fluid responsiveness (>10% increa...
Source: Shock - July 19, 2016 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Clinical Science Aspects Source Type: research

E-cigarettes: Good news, bad news
Follow me at @JohnRossMD Americans are confused about electronic cigarettes. A recent poll showed that the public was about evenly split between those who thought that electronic cigarettes, or e-cigarettes, were less harmful than conventional cigarettes, and those who believed that e-cigarettes were as bad as or worse than regular cigarettes. Unfortunately, there is no long-term safety data about e-cigarettes. What information we do have suggests that e-cigarettes have a complex mix of potential harms and benefits. E-cigarettes: Less deadly than regular cigarettes First, the good news: e-cigarettes are almost certainly le...
Source: New Harvard Health Information - July 25, 2016 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: John Ross, MD, FIDSA Tags: Behavioral Health Cancer Lung disease Prevention Smoking cessation Source Type: news

A Decade of e-Cigarettes: Limited Research & Unresolved Safety Concerns.
A Decade of e-Cigarettes: Limited Research & Unresolved Safety Concerns. Toxicology. 2016 Jul 28; Authors: Kaisar MA, Prasad S, Liles T, Cucullo L Abstract It is well known that tobacco consumption is a leading cause of preventable deaths worldwide and has been linked to major diseases ranging from cancer to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, atherosclerosis, stroke and a host of neurological/neurodegenerative disorders. In the past decade a number of alternative vaping products have hit the market, rapidly gaining consumers especially among the younger population. Electronic nicotine delivery...
Source: Toxicology - July 27, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Kaisar MA, Prasad S, Liles T, Cucullo L Tags: Toxicology Source Type: research

Cessation of Smoking and Alcohol Addiction Following Thalamic Hemorrhage
We describe a case of thalamic intracerebral hemorrhage leading to cessation of smoking. Case Report: A 53-year-old female presented to the emergency department with right-sided weakness and dysarthria. Initial systolic blood pressure was 220 mm Hg. Computed tomography scan showed a left thalamic hemorrhage with associated edema and hemorrhage extending into the left lateral and third ventricle. She recovered uneventfully and was discharged to inpatient rehabilitation and eventually transitioned home. Three months later in the clinic, she reported that following the stroke, she abruptly stopped smoking without any smoking...
Source: The Neurologist - November 1, 2016 Category: Neurology Tags: Case Report/Case Series Source Type: research

How to Quit Smoking
By Stacy Simon Tobacco use remains the single largest preventable cause of disease and premature death in the United States. Since the release of the Surgeon General’s Report on Smoking and Health 50 years ago, there have been 20 million deaths due to tobacco. Almost half the deaths from 12 different types of cancer combined – including lung, voice box, throat, esophagus, and bladder cancers – are attributable to cigarette smoking alone. In addition to cancer, smoking greatly increases the risk of debilitating long-term lung diseases like emphysema and chronic bronchitis. It also raises the risk for heart...
Source: American Cancer Society :: News and Features - November 16, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Smoking/Tobacco Source Type: news

Nine Easy Ways to Gain Control of Your Health in Your Forties
What lifestyle changes should you make to stay healthy through your 40s? originally appeared on Quora - the knowledge sharing network where compelling questions are answered by people with unique insights. Answer by Keck Medicine of USC, 500+ internationally renowned doctors at a leading academic medical center, on Quora: Getting older has its perks. Chances are you're more confident, have more direction and a defined sense of self. While your health is likely not a primary concern, it's important to take steps now to stop subtle changes before they become major health issues. Your 40s is the decade that your habits sta...
Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post - January 9, 2017 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Cross-sectional study of the ankle-brachial index and cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women.
CONCLUSIONS: There is no evidence that stricter criteria for the assessment of ABI better represent the vascular status in the female population. PMID: 28150285 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Polish Heart Journal - February 1, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Wierzchowski P, Dereziński T, Migdalski A, Woda Ł, Wąsikowska B, Jakubowski G, Jawień A Tags: Kardiol Pol Source Type: research

Role of Nrf2 and protective effects of Metformin against tobacco smoke-induced cerebrovascular toxicity
Publication date: August 2017 Source:Redox Biology, Volume 12 Author(s): Shikha Prasad, Ravi K. Sajja, Mohammad Abul Kaisar, Jee Hyun Park, Heidi Villalba, Taylor Liles, Thomas Abbruscato, Luca Cucullo Cigarette smoking (CS) is associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction in a causative way primarily related to the TS content of reactive oxygen species (ROS), nicotine, and inflammation. TS promotes glucose intolerance and increases the risk of developing type-2 diabetes mellitus (2DM) with which it shares other pathogenic traits including the high risk of cerebrovascular and neurological disorders like stroke via ROS ...
Source: Redox Biology - February 15, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research