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Source: Hypertension
Condition: Hypertension
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Total 260 results found since Jan 2013.
Redefined Blood Pressure Variability Measure and Its Association With Mortality in Elderly Primary Care Patients Epidemiology/Population
The objective of our study is to define a variability measure that is independent of change over time and determine the association between longitudinal summary measures of BP measurements and mortality risk. Data for the study came from a prospective cohort of 2906 adults, aged ≥60 years, in an urban primary care system with ≤15 years of follow-up. Dates of death for deceased participants were retrieved from the National Death Index. Systolic and diastolic BP measurements from outpatient clinic visits were extracted from the Regenstrief Medical Record System. For each patient, the intercept, regression slope, and ro...
Source: Hypertension - June 11, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Gao, S., Hendrie, H. C., Wang, C., Stump, T. E., Stewart, J. C., Kesterson, J., Clark, D. O., Callahan, C. M. Tags: Clinical Studies Epidemiology/Population Source Type: research
Mediterranean Diet Reduces 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure, Blood Glucose, and Lipids: One-Year Randomized, Clinical Trial Clinical Trial: PREDIMED Trial
The PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) trial showed that Mediterranean diets (MedDiets) supplemented with either extravirgin olive oil or nuts reduced cardiovascular events, particularly stroke, compared with a control, lower fat diet. The mechanisms of cardiovascular protection remain unclear. We evaluated the 1-year effects of supplemented MedDiets on 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (BP), blood glucose, and lipids. Randomized, parallel-design, controlled trial was conducted in 2 PREDIMED sites. Diets were ad libitum, and no advice on increasing physical activity or reducing sodium intake was giv...
Source: Hypertension - June 11, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Domenech, M., Roman, P., Lapetra, J., Garcia de la Corte, F. J., Sala-Vila, A., de la Torre, R., Corella, D., Salas-Salvado, J., Ruiz-Gutierrez, V., Lamuela-Raventos, R.-M., Toledo, E., Estruch, R., Coca, A., Ros, E. Tags: Other hypertension Clinical Trial: PREDIMED Trial Source Type: research
Applanation Tonometry in Mice: A Novel Noninvasive Technique to Assess Pulse Wave Velocity and Arterial Stiffness Arterial Stiffness
Arterial stiffening is the root cause of a range of cardiovascular complications, including myocardial infarction, left ventricular hypertrophy, stroke, renal failure, dementia, and death, and a hallmark of the aging process. The most important in vivo parameter of arterial stiffness is pulse wave velocity (PWV). Clinically, PWV is determined noninvasively using applanation tonometry. Unlike the clinical value of arterial stiffness and PWV, techniques to determine PWV in mice are scarce. The only way to determine aortic PWV noninvasively in the mouse is by using ultrasound echo Doppler velocimetry. It is a fast, efficient,...
Source: Hypertension - June 11, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Leloup, A. J. A., Fransen, P., Van Hove, C. E., Demolder, M., De Keulenaer, G. W., Schrijvers, D. M. Tags: Other diagnostic testing, Other Research Arterial Stiffness Source Type: research
Comparison of the Treatment Implications of American Society of Hypertension and International Society of Hypertension 2013 and Eighth Joint National Committee Guidelines: An Analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Guidelines
Multiple guidelines and statements related to hypertension have recently been published. Much discord has arisen from discrepant treatment and target systolic blood pressure thresholds for individuals aged 60 to 79 years of <150 mm Hg in the guideline published by members assigned to the Eighth Joint National Committee and <140 mm Hg in a statement by the American Society of Hypertension and International Society of Hypertension 2013. We sought to evaluate the public health implications of these differences using data from the 2005 to 2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles. NHANES is an...
Source: Hypertension - July 9, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Murthy, V. L., Shah, R. V., Rubenfire, M., Brook, R. D. Tags: Cerebrovascular disease/stroke Guidelines Source Type: research
Office, Home, and Ambulatory Blood Pressures as Predictors of Cardiovascular Risk Monitoring
Ambulatory blood pressure (BP) is considered as the gold standard of BP measurement although it has not been shown to be more strongly associated with cardiovascular risk than is home BP. Our objective was to compare the prognostic value of office, home, and ambulatory BP for cardiovascular risk in 502 participants examined in 1992 to 1996. The end point was a composite of cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure hospitalization, and coronary intervention. We assessed the prognostic value of each BP in multivariable-adjusted Cox models. The likelihood 2 ratio value was used to test whether the...
Source: Hypertension - July 9, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Niiranen, T. J., Maki, J., Puukka, P., Karanko, H., Jula, A. M. Tags: Other hypertension, Other diagnostic testing Monitoring Source Type: research
Adaptor Protein p66Shc Mediates Hypertension-Associated, Cyclic Stretch-Dependent, Endothelial Damage Endothelium
Increased cyclic stretch to the vessel wall, as observed in hypertension, leads to endothelial dysfunction through increased free radical production and reduced nitric oxide bioavailability. Genetic deletion of the adaptor protein p66Shc protects mice against age-related and hyperglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction, as well as atherosclerosis and stroke. Furthermore, p66Shc mediates vascular dysfunction in hypertensive mice. However, the direct role of p66Shc in mediating mechanical force–induced free radical production is unknown; thus, we studied the effect of cyclic stretch on p66Shc activation in primary hum...
Source: Hypertension - July 9, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Spescha, R. D., Glanzmann, M., Simic, B., Witassek, F., Keller, S., Akhmedov, A., Tanner, F. C., Luscher, T. F., Camici, G. G. Tags: Endothelium/vascular type/nitric oxide Source Type: research
Subjective Cognitive Failures in Patients With Hypertension Are Related to Cognitive Performance and Cerebral Microbleeds Brain and Cognition
Previous studies on the relationship between subjective cognitive failures (SCF) and objective cognitive function have shown inconsistent results. In addition, research on the association between SCF and imaging markers of cerebral small vessel disease is limited. We investigated whether SCF in patients with essential hypertension, who are at high risk of cerebral small vessel disease, are associated with objective cognitive function and magnetic resonance imaging manifestations of cerebral small vessel disease. We included 109 patients with hypertension who underwent extensive neuropsychological assessment, including ques...
Source: Hypertension - August 13, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Uiterwijk, R., Huijts, M., Staals, J., Duits, A., Gronenschild, E., Kroon, A. A., de Leeuw, P. W., van Oostenbrugge, R. J. Tags: Cerebrovascular disease/stroke Brain and Cognition Source Type: research
Impaired Cardiovascular Structure and Function in Adult Survivors of Severe Acute Malnutrition Acute Malnutrition and Hypertension
Malnutrition below 5 years remains a global health issue. Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) presents in childhood as oedematous (kwashiorkor) or nonoedematous (marasmic) forms, with unknown long-term cardiovascular consequences. We hypothesized that cardiovascular structure and function would be poorer in SAM survivors than unexposed controls. We studied 116 adult SAM survivors, 54 after marasmus, 62 kwashiorkor, and 45 age/sex/body mass index–matched community controls who had standardized anthropometry, blood pressure, echocardiography, and arterial tonometry performed. Left ventricular indices and outflow tract diam...
Source: Hypertension - August 13, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Tennant, I. A., Barnett, A. T., Thompson, D. S., Kips, J., Boyne, M. S., Chung, E. E., Chung, A. P., Osmond, C., Hanson, M. A., Gluckman, P. D., Segers, P., Cruickshank, J. K., Forrester, T. E. Tags: Nutrition, Remodeling, Cardiac development Acute Malnutrition and Hypertension Source Type: research
Thresholds for Conventional and Home Blood Pressure by Sex and Age in 5018 Participants From 5 Populations Epidemiology/Population
In conclusion, our findings based on outcome-driven criteria support contemporary guidelines that propose single blood pressure thresholds that can be indiscriminately applied in both sexes and across the age range.
Source: Hypertension - September 10, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nomura, K., Asayama, K., Thijs, L., Niiranen, T. J., Lujambio, I., Boggia, J., Hozawa, A., Ohkubo, T., Hara, A., Johansson, J. K., Sandoya, E., Kollias, A., Stergiou, G. S., Tsuji, I., Jula, A. M., Imai, Y., Staessen, J. A., for the International Database Tags: Cerebrovascular disease/stroke, Epidemiology Epidemiology/Population Source Type: research
Long-Term Blood Pressure Variability Throughout Young Adulthood and Cognitive Function in Midlife: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study Epidemiology/Population
Whether long-term blood pressure (BP) variability throughout young adulthood is associated with cognitive function in midlife remains uncertain. Using data from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA), which recruited healthy young adults aged 18 to 30 years (mean age, 25 years) at baseline (Y0), we assessed BP variability by SD and average real variability (ARV) for 25 years (8 visits). Cognitive function was assessed with the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (psychomotor speed test), the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (verbal memory test), and the modified Stroop test (executive function test) at f...
Source: Hypertension - October 8, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Yano, Y., Ning, H., Allen, N., Reis, J. P., Launer, L. J., Liu, K., Yaffe, K., Greenland, P., Lloyd-Jones, D. M. Tags: Cerebrovascular disease/stroke Epidemiology/Population Source Type: research
Home Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients During Antihypertensive Therapy: Primary Results of HONEST, a Large-Scale Prospective, Real-World Observational Study Epidemiology/Population
In conclusion, it is essential to control morning HBP to <145 mm Hg, even in patients with controlled clinic blood pressure.
Clinical Trial Registration—
URL: http://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/index.htm. UMIN Clinical Trials Registry, trial No. UMIN000002567.
Source: Hypertension - October 8, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kario, K., Saito, I., Kushiro, T., Teramukai, S., Ishikawa, Y., Mori, Y., Kobayashi, F., Shimada, K. Tags: Cerebrovascular disease/stroke, Myocardial cardiomyopathy disease, Clinical Studies Epidemiology/Population Source Type: research
The Growing Gap in Hypertension Control Between Insured and Uninsured Adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1988 to 2010 Epidemiology/Population
Hypertension awareness, treatment, and control are lower among uninsured than insured adults. Time trends in differences and underlying modifiable factors are important for informing strategies to improve health equity. National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 1988 to 1994, 1999 to 2004, and 2005 to 2010 data in adults aged 18 to 64 years were analyzed to explore this opportunity. The proportion of adults with hypertension who were uninsured increased from 12.3% in 1988 to 1994 to 17.4% in 2005 to 2010. In 1988 to 1994, hypertension awareness, treatment, and control to <140/<90 mm Hg (30.1% versus 26.5%; P=0...
Source: Hypertension - October 8, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Egan, B. M., Li, J., Small, J., Nietert, P. J., Sinopoli, A. Tags: Cerebrovascular disease/stroke Epidemiology/Population Source Type: research
Role of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-{gamma} in Vascular Muscle in the Cerebral Circulation Cerebral Circulation
We examined the hypothesis that selective interference with PPAR in vascular muscle would impair NO-dependent responses and augment vasoconstrictor responses in the cerebral circulation. We studied mice expressing a dominant negative mutation in human PPAR (P467L) under the control of the smooth muscle myosin heavy chain promoter (S-P467L). In S-P467L mice, dilator responses to exogenously applied or endogenously produced NO were greatly impaired in cerebral arteries in vitro and in small cerebral arterioles in vivo. Select NO-independent responses, including vasodilation to low concentrations of potassium, were also impai...
Source: Hypertension - October 8, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: De Silva, T. M., Modrick, M. L., Ketsawatsomkron, P., Lynch, C., Chu, Y., Pelham, C. J., Sigmund, C. D., Faraci, F. M. Tags: Cerebrovascular disease/stroke, Brain Circulation and Metabolism, Endothelium/vascular type/nitric oxide Cerebral Circulation Source Type: research
Novel High-Throughput In Vitro Model for Identifying Hemodynamic-Induced Inflammatory Mediators of Cerebral Aneurysm Formation Cerebral Aneurysm
Cerebral aneurysms are thought to develop at locations of hemodynamic shear stress, via an inflammatory process. The molecular mechanism that links shear stress to inflammation, however, is not completely understood. Progress in studying this disease is limited by a lack of a suitable in vitro model. To address this, we designed novel in vitro parallel-plate flow chamber models of a straight artery, a bifurcation, and a bifurcation aneurysm. We compared endothelial cell phenotypes across the 3 different models and among microenvironments within each flow model by cytokine array, ELISA, and relative immunofluorescence. Huma...
Source: Hypertension - November 12, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nowicki, K. W., Hosaka, K., He, Y., McFetridge, P. S., Scott, E. W., Hoh, B. L. Tags: Cerebrovascular disease/stroke, Cerebral Aneurysm, AVM, & Subarachnoid hemorrhage, Endothelium/vascular type/nitric oxide, Other Vascular biology Source Type: research
Relationship Between Cerebral Blood Flow and Blood Pressure in Long-Term Heart Transplant Recipients Cerebral Blood Flow
Heart transplant recipients are at an increased risk for cerebral hemorrhage and ischemic stroke; yet, the exact mechanism for this derangement remains unclear. We hypothesized that alterations in cerebrovascular regulation is principally involved. To test this hypothesis, we studied cerebral pressure-flow dynamics in 8 clinically stable male heart transplant recipients (62±8 years of age and 9±7 years post transplant, mean±SD), 9 male age-matched controls (63±8 years), and 10 male donor controls (27±5 years). To increase blood pressure variability and improve assessment of the pressure-f...
Source: Hypertension - November 12, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Smirl, J. D., Haykowsky, M. J., Nelson, M. D., Tzeng, Y.-C., Marsden, K. R., Jones, H., Ainslie, P. N. Tags: Doppler ultrasound, Transcranial Doppler etc. Cerebral Blood Flow Source Type: research
