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A knack for “NAC”: treatment for heat stroke induced acute liver injury: A case report
We present a case of heat stroke resulting in acute liver injury (ALI) successfully treated with intravenous N-acetylcysteine (NAC).
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - November 27, 2019 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Brian Monzon, Kathleen Hegarty, Megan A. Rech Source Type: research

A knack for “NAC”: Treatment for heat stroke induced acute liver injury
We present a case of heat stroke resulting in acute liver injury (ALI) successfully treated with intravenous N-acetylcysteine (NAC).
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - November 27, 2019 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Brian Monzon, Kathleen Hegarty, Megan A. Rech Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Acrolein is involved in ischemic stroke-induced neurotoxicity through spermidine/spermine-N1-acetyltransferase activation.
CONCLUSION: Overall, our current results demonstrate that acrolein is a culprit of neuronal damage through GSH depletion in stroke patients. The mechanism underlying the role of acrolein in stroke-related neuronal damage occurs through SSAT-induced polyamine oxidation by NF-kB pathway activation. These results provide a novel mechanism of neurotoxicity in stroke patients, aid in the development of neutralizing or preventive measures, and further our understanding of neural protection. PMID: 31629858 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Neurology - October 16, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Liu JH, Wang TW, Lin YY, Ho WC, Tsai HC, Chen SP, Lin AM, Liu TY, Wang HT Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research

Is Aberrant Reno-Renal Reflex Control of Blood Pressure a Contributor to Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Hypertension?
This study demonstrated unaltered vascular conductance in response to lumbar sympathetic stimulation in CIH-exposed rats. Aortic compliance was increased and estimated blood volume was unchanged in CIH-exposed rats. Increased blood pressure was related to an increase in cardiac output, which was confirmed by echocardiography (Lucking et al., 2014). It is suggested therefore that hypertension in the CIH model can be evoked by over-excitation of the cardiac arm of sympathetic nervous system (SNS), even before mechanisms of enhanced peripheral vasoconstriction and endothelial dysfunction are initiated (Naghshin et al., 2009)....
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Oral Cannabidiol Prevents Allodynia and Neurological Dysfunctions in a Mouse Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Conclusion In conclusion, our data demonstrate that mTBI causes late sensorial affective/cognitive deficiencies linked to altered neurotransmitter release at cortical level. Moreover, we showed that chronic CBD treatment reduces behavioral dysfunctions by restoring at least in part cortical biochemical processes. Taken together, our results suggest that CBD could represent a novel approach for the management of neuropsychiatric disorders associated with TBI. Author Contributions CB, LL, and RR conceived and designed the experiments. CB, MI, SB, FR, RI, and RM performed the experiments. GP, LS, SP, RR, LL, and IM analyze...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 15, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Apelin-13 Suppresses Neuroinflammation Against Cognitive Deficit in a Streptozotocin-Induced Rat Model of Alzheimer ’s Disease Through Activation of BDNF-TrkB Signaling Pathway
Conclusion The data in this manuscript demonstrates that apelin-13 upregulates BDNF against STZ-induced congnitive impairment by suppressing glial cell activity and inflammatory factors release. This suggests apelin signaling may be a new target in the treatment of AD. Ethics Statement All experimental protocols were carried out according to the National Institutes of Health Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals approved by the Central South University at XiangYa Animal Care and Use Committee. Author Contributions XqQ and LH conceived the study and contributed to its experimental design. HqL carried out the...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 15, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Assessing acrolein for determination of the severity of brain stroke, dementia, renal failure, and Sj ögren's syndrome.
Assessing acrolein for determination of the severity of brain stroke, dementia, renal failure, and Sjögren's syndrome. Amino Acids. 2019 Mar 12;: Authors: Igarashi K, Uemura T, Kashiwagi K Abstract It was found recently that acrolein (CH2=CH-CHO), mainly produced from spermine, is more toxic than ROS (reactive oxygen species, O 2 -· , H2O2, and ·OH). In this review, we describe how the seriousness of brain infarction, dementia, renal failure, and Sjӧgren's syndrome is correlated with acrolein. In brain infarction and dementia, it was possible to identify incipient patients with high sensitivity an...
Source: Amino Acids - March 11, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Igarashi K, Uemura T, Kashiwagi K Tags: Amino Acids Source Type: research

N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) for the Prevention of Liver Failure in Heat Injury-Mediated Ischemic Hepatitis.
Authors: Will JS, Snyder CJ, Westerfield KL Abstract Exertional Heat Illness with associated ischemic hepatitis (IH) is a common occurrence among military trainees; however, few specific therapies exist if unresponsive to appropriate supportive measures. A 27-year-old basic combat trainee presented with altered mental status, renal insufficiency, rhabdomyolysis, and a core temp of 107.9 °F after collapsing during a run, leading to the diagnosis of heat stroke. While the patient's azotemia and creatinine kinase levels rapidly improved with aggressive intravenous hydration, transaminases continued to increase to nea...
Source: Military Medicine - March 1, 2019 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Tags: Mil Med Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 23, Pages 3305: Overview on the Effects of N-Acetylcysteine in Neurodegenerative Diseases
azzon N-acetylcysteine (NAC), which is an acetylated cysteine compound, has aroused scientific interest for decades due to its important medical applications. It also represents a nutritional supplement in the human diet. NAC is a glutathione precursor and shows antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In addition to the uses quoted in the literature, NAC may be considered helpful in therapies to counteract neurodegenerative and mental health diseases. Furthermore, this compound has been evaluated for its neuroprotective potential in the prevention of cognitive aging dementia. NAC is inexpensive, commercially avai...
Source: Molecules - December 13, 2018 Category: Chemistry Authors: Giuseppe Tardiolo Placido Bramanti Emanuela Mazzon Tags: Review Source Type: research

N ‐acetylcysteine targets 5 lipoxygenase‐derived, toxic lipids and can synergize with PGE2 to inhibit ferroptosis and improve outcomes following hemorrhagic stroke in mice
Annals of Neurology,Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Source: Annals of Neurology - October 8, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Saravanan S. Karuppagounder, Lauren Alin, Yingxin Chen, David Brand, Megan W. Bourassa, Kristen Dietrich, Cassandra M. Wilkinson, Colby A. Nadeau, Amit Kumar, Steve Perry, John T. Pinto, Victor Darley ‐Usmar, Stephanie Sanchez, Ginger L. Mi Source Type: research

Protective Effects of Brain Infarction by N-Acetylcysteine Derivatives Basic Sciences
Conclusions—The results indicate that detoxification of acrolein by NAC derivatives is caused through glutathione conjugation with acrolein catalyzed by glutathione S-transferases, which can be stabilized by NAC derivatives. This is a new concept of acrolein detoxification by NAC derivatives.
Source: Stroke - June 25, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Takeshi Uemura, Kenta Watanabe, Kenta Ko, Kyohei Higashi, Noriyuki Kogure, Mariko Kitajima, Hiromitsu Takayama, Koichi Takao, Yoshiaki Sugita, Akihiko Sakamoto, Yusuke Terui, Toshihiko Toida, Keiko Kashiwagi, Kazuei Igarashi Tags: Animal Models of Human Disease, Ischemia, Oxidant Stress, Ischemic Stroke Original Contributions Source Type: research

N-acetylcysteine attenuates systemic platelet activation and cerebral vessel thrombosis in diabetes
Conclusion Collectively, these results show that the diabetic blood and brain become progressively more susceptible to platelet activation and thrombosis. NAC, given after the establishment of diabetes, may offer protection against the risk for stroke by altering both systemic and vascular prothrombotic responses via enhancing platelet GSH, and GSH-dependent MG elimination, as well as correcting levels of antioxidants such as SOD1 and GPx-1. Graphical abstract
Source: Redox Biology - September 28, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Oral N-acetylcysteine and exercise tolerance in mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
In conclusion, modulation of plasma redox status with oral NAC treatment was not translated into beneficial effects on central or peripheral components of the oxygen transport pathway, thereby failing to improve exercise tolerance in nonhypoxemic patients with mild COPD. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Acute antioxidant treatment with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) elevated plasma glutathione but did not modulate central or peripheral components of the O2 transport pathway, thereby failing to improve exercise tolerance in patients with mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Source: Journal of Applied Physiology - May 18, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Hirai, D. M., Jones, J. H., Zelt, J. T., da Silva, M. L., Bentley, R. F., Edgett, B. A., Gurd, B. J., Tschakovsky, M. E., ODonnell, D. E., Neder, J. A. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Potent Thrombolytic Effect of N-Acetylcysteine on Arterial Thrombi.
Conclusions -We provide evidence that NAC is an effective and safe alternative to currently available antithrombotic agents to restore vessel patency after arterial occlusion. PMID: 28487393 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation - May 9, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Martinez de Lizarrondo S, Gakuba C, Herbig BA, Repessé Y, Ali C, Denis CV, Lenting P, Touzé E, Diamond SL, Vivien D, Gauberti M Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

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