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Drug: Acetylcysteine

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Total 43 results found since Jan 2013.

Heat stress induces intestinal injury through lysosome- and mitochondria-dependent pathway in vivo and in vitro.
Authors: Yi G, Li L, Luo M, He X, Zou Z, Gu Z, Su L Abstract Damage to the small intestine secondary to heat stroke is a major factor in heat stroke-related morbidity and mortality. However, the underlying mechanisms by which heat stroke causes small intestinal lesions and dysfunction remain unclear. To explore the pathogenesis of small intestinal tissue and epithelial cell injury, the SW480 cell heat stress model and the mice heat stroke model were established to mimic heat stroke. Morphologic changes in intestinal tissue and increased TUNEL-positive index were induced by heat stress in vivo. Heat stress activated...
Source: Oncotarget - April 6, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

The effect of ethyl pyruvate and N-acetylcysteine on ischemia-reperfusion injury in an experimental model of ischemic stroke
Reperfusion therapies play an important role in early-period treatment for patients presenting to the emergency department due to stroke. However, the ischemia-reperfusion injury that may occur with reperfusion must then be considered. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and ethyl pyruvate in preventing ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - June 4, 2016 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Suha Turkmen, Ozgen Cekic Gonenc, Yunus Karaca, Ahmet Mentese, Selim Demir, Ercument Beyhun, Aynur Sahin, Abdulkadir Gunduz, Esin Yulug, Suleyman Turedi Source Type: research

The Effect of Ethyl Pyruvate and N-Acetylcysteine on Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in an Experimental Model of Ischemic Stroke
Reperfusion therapies play an important role in early-period treatment of patients presenting to the emergency department due to stroke. However, the ischemia–reperfusion injury that may occur with reperfusion must then be considered. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and ethyl pyruvate in preventing ischemia–reperfusion injury.
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - June 4, 2016 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Turkmen Suha, Cekic Gonenc Ozgen, Karaca Yunus, Mentese Ahmet, Demir Selim, Beyhun Ercument, Sahin Aynur, Gunduz Abdulkadir, Yulug Esin, Turedi Suleyman Source Type: research

Different effects of arginine vasopressin on high ‐mobility group box 1 expression in astrocytes isolated from stroke‐prone spontaneously hypertensive rats and congenic SHRpch1_18 rats
Summary Stroke‐prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP/Izm) develop severe hypertension and astrocytic oedema following ischaemic stimulation. During ischaemic stress high‐mobility group box 1 (Hmgb1) expression in astrocytes is induced, and subsequently potentiates deterioration of the brain due to ischaemic injury, which manifests as both cerebral inflammation and astrocytic oedema. Arginine vasopressin (AVP) induces brain injury and increases astrocytic swelling. After stroke, Hmgb1 and peroxiredoxin (Prx) are released at different times and activate macrophages in the brain via Toll‐like receptors (Tlr2s). T...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - April 28, 2016 Category: Pathology Authors: Kazuo Yamagata, Natumi Sone, Sari Suguyama, Toru Nabika Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Different effects of arginine vasopressin on high‐mobility group box 1 expression in astrocytes isolated from stroke‐prone spontaneously hypertensive rats and congenic SHRpch1_18 rats
Summary Stroke‐prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP/Izm) develop severe hypertension and astrocytic oedema following ischaemic stimulation. During ischaemic stress high‐mobility group box 1 (Hmgb1) expression in astrocytes is induced, and subsequently potentiates deterioration of the brain due to ischaemic injury, which manifests as both cerebral inflammation and astrocytic oedema. Arginine vasopressin (AVP) induces brain injury and increases astrocytic swelling. After stroke, Hmgb1 and peroxiredoxin (Prx) are released at different times and activate macrophages in the brain via Toll‐like receptors (Tlr2s). T...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - April 28, 2016 Category: Pathology Authors: Kazuo Yamagata, Natumi Sone, Sari Suguyama, Toru Nabika Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

The protection conferred against ischemia-reperfusion injury in the diabetic brain by N-acetylcysteine is associated with decreased dicarbonyl stress.
Abstract Diabetes, a risk factor for stroke, leads to elevated blood methylglyoxal (MG) levels. This is due to increased MG generation from the high glucose levels, and because diabetes impairs the glutathione (GSH)-glyoxalase system for MG elimination. MG glycates proteins and causes dicarbonyl stress. We investigated the contribution of MG and GSH to stroke outcome. Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion was performed in chemical-induced (streptozotocin) and genetic Akita mouse models of Type 1 diabetes. Brain infarction and functions of the GSH-dependent MG elimination pathway were determined. Diabetes increased post-is...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - April 11, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Wang B, Yee Aw T, Stokes KY Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Nitroxide antioxidant as a potential strategy to attenuate the oxidative/nitrosative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide plus nitric oxide in cultured neurons
In conclusion, these results suggest that TEMPO ensures excellent ROS/RNS clearance and stress-signaling inhibition, thus effectively rescuing neurons from ROS/H2O2 plus NO/SNAP-induced insult. This study reveals a potential strategy for nitroxide antioxidants as a therapeutic agent against oxidative/nitrosative neurotoxicity.
Source: Nitric Oxide - February 16, 2016 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research

Circulating tumour necrosis factor receptors 1 and 2 predict contrast‐induced nephropathy and progressive renal dysfunction: A prospective cohort study
ConclusionMarkedly elevated concentrations of circulating TNFRs were correlated with the occurrence of CIN and significantly associated with prolonged renal dysfunction regardless of the development of CIN.
Source: Nephrology - July 21, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Jung Nam An, Kyung Don Yoo, Jin Ho Hwang, Hack‐Lyoung Kim, Sang‐Hyun Kim, Seung Hee Yang, Jin Hyuk Kim, Dong Ki Kim, Yun Kyu Oh, Yon Su Kim, Chun Soo Lim, Jung Pyo Lee Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Circulating tumor necrosis factor receptors 1 and 2 predict contrast‐induced nephropathy and progressive renal dysfunction: a prospective cohort study
ConclusionMarkedly elevated concentrations of circulating TNFRs were correlated with the occurrence of CIN and significantly associated with prolonged renal dysfunction regardless of the development of CIN.
Source: Nephrology - March 1, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Jung Nam An, Kyung Don Yoo, Jin Ho Hwang, Hack‐Lyoung Kim, Sang‐Hyun Kim, Seung Hee Yang, Jin Hyuk Kim, Dong Ki Kim, Yun Kyu Oh, Yon Su Kim, Chun Soo Lim, Jung Pyo Lee Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Oxygen glucose deprivation-induced astrocyte dysfunction provokes neuronal death through oxidative stress
Publication date: September 2014 Source:Pharmacological Research, Volume 87 Author(s): Elsa Gouix , Alain Buisson , André Nieoullon , Lydia Kerkerian-Le Goff , Joseph S. Tauskela , Nicolas Blondeau , Laurence Had-Aissouni Understanding the role of astrocytes in stroke is assuming increasing prominence, not only as an important component on its own within the neurovascular unit, but also because astrocytes can influence neuronal outcome. Ischemia may induce astrogliosis and other phenotypic changes, but these remain poorly understood, in part due to limitations in reproducing these changes in vitro. Dibutyryl cyclic AMP-...
Source: Pharmacological Research - November 6, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Glutamate transporters in brain ischemia: to modulate or not?
Abstract In this review, we briefly describe glutamate (Glu) metabolism and its specific transports and receptors in the central nervous system (CNS). Thereafter, we focus on excitatory amino acid transporters, cystine/glutamate antiporters (system xc-) and vesicular glutamate transporters, specifically addressing their location and roles in CNS and the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of Glu transporters. We provide evidence from in vitro or in vivo studies concerning alterations in Glu transporter expression in response to hypoxia or ischemia, including limited human data that supports the role of ...
Source: Acta Pharmacologica Sinica - March 31, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Krzyżanowska W, Pomierny B, Filip M, Pera J Tags: Acta Pharmacol Sin Source Type: research

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 contributes to N-acetylcysteine's protection in stroke.
Abstract Stroke is a leading cause of adult morbidity and mortality with very limited treatment options. Evidence from pre-clinical models of ischemic stroke has demonstrated that the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) effectively protects the brain from ischemic injury. Here, we evaluated a new pathway through which NAC exerted its neuroprotection in a transient cerebral ischemia animal model. Our results demonstrated that pre-treatment of NAC increased protein levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), the regulatable subunit of HIF-1, and its target proteins erythropoietin (EPO) and glucose transporter (...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - November 29, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Zhang Z, Yan J, Taheri S, Liu J, Shi H Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research