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Condition: Ischemic Stroke
Drug: Acetylcysteine

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Total 21 results found since Jan 2013.

Fine particulate matter exposure aggravates ischemic injury via NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis
CONCLUSION: These results suggested that PM2.5 exposure triggered the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis under ischemic conditions, which may be mediated by increased ROS production after ischemic stroke. These findings may provide a more enhanced understanding of the interplay between PM2.5 and neuroinflammation and cell death, and reveal a novel mechanism of PM2.5-mediated toxic effects after ischemic stroke.PMID:35403328 | DOI:10.1111/cns.13837
Source: CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics - April 11, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Li Gao Jie-Xing Qin Jian-Quan Shi Teng Jiang Fei Wang Chong Xie Qing Gao Nan Zhi Qing Dong Yang-Tai Guan Source Type: research

Ischemic stroke disrupts the endothelial glycocalyx through activation of proHPSE via acrolein exposure Molecular Bases of Disease
In this study, glycosaminoglycans, a component of the endothelial glycocalyx, were studied in the context of ischemic stroke using a photochemically induced thrombosis mouse model. Decreased levels of heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate and increased activity of hyaluronidase 1 and heparanase (HPSE) were observed in ischemic brain tissues. HPSE expression in cerebral vessels increased after stroke onset and infarct volume greatly decreased after co-administration of N-acetylcysteine + glycosaminoglycan oligosaccharides as compared with N-acetylcysteine administration alone. These results suggest that the endothelial gl...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - December 25, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Kenta Ko, Takehiro Suzuki, Ryota Ishikawa, Natsuko Hattori, Risako Ito, Kenta Umehara, Tomomi Furihata, Naoshi Dohmae, Robert J. Linhardt, Kazuei Igarashi, Toshihiko Toida, Kyohei Higashi Tags: Glycobiology and Extracellular Matrices Source Type: research

Evidence for a Beneficial Effect of Oral N-acetylcysteine on Functional Outcomes and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke
Source: Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment - May 17, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment Source Type: research

Neuroprotective Effect of Phthalide Derivative CD21 against Ischemic Brain Injury:Involvement of MSR1 Mediated DAMP peroxiredoxin1 Clearance and TLR4 Signaling Inhibition
This study investigated the effects of the phthalide derivative CD21 on ischemic brain injury and the mechanism underlying MSR1-induced resolution of neuroinflammation. Using a rat model of 2  h transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), MSR1-induced peroxiredoxin1 (PRX1) clearance in RAW264.7 macrophages were investigated. We show here that CD21 significantly ameliorated infarct volumes and neurological deficits in a dose-dependent manner with a ≥ 12 h therapeutic time w indow. Moreover, administration of 5 mg/kg/day CD21 over 24 h significantly reduced pathological damages, with associated inhibition of...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - April 13, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Sirt1-ROS-TRAF6 Signaling-Induced Pyroptosis Contributes to Early Injury in Ischemic Mice
In this study, we evaluated the inflammatory reactions induced by acute ischemia and found that pyroptosis occurred after acute ischemia bothin vivo andin vitro, as determined by interleukin-1 β, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein, and caspase-1. The early inflammation resulted in irreversible ischemic injury, indicating that it deserves thorough investigation. Meanwhile, acute ischemia decreased the Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) protein levels, and increased the TRAF6 (TNF receptor associated factor 6) protein and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. In further exploration, both Sirt1 suppression and TRAF6 activation were foun...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - April 5, 2020 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Acrolein is involved in ischemic stroke-induced neurotoxicity through spermidine/spermine-N1-acetyltransferase activation.
CONCLUSION: Overall, our current results demonstrate that acrolein is a culprit of neuronal damage through GSH depletion in stroke patients. The mechanism underlying the role of acrolein in stroke-related neuronal damage occurs through SSAT-induced polyamine oxidation by NF-kB pathway activation. These results provide a novel mechanism of neurotoxicity in stroke patients, aid in the development of neutralizing or preventive measures, and further our understanding of neural protection. PMID: 31629858 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Neurology - October 16, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Liu JH, Wang TW, Lin YY, Ho WC, Tsai HC, Chen SP, Lin AM, Liu TY, Wang HT Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research

Is Aberrant Reno-Renal Reflex Control of Blood Pressure a Contributor to Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Hypertension?
This study demonstrated unaltered vascular conductance in response to lumbar sympathetic stimulation in CIH-exposed rats. Aortic compliance was increased and estimated blood volume was unchanged in CIH-exposed rats. Increased blood pressure was related to an increase in cardiac output, which was confirmed by echocardiography (Lucking et al., 2014). It is suggested therefore that hypertension in the CIH model can be evoked by over-excitation of the cardiac arm of sympathetic nervous system (SNS), even before mechanisms of enhanced peripheral vasoconstriction and endothelial dysfunction are initiated (Naghshin et al., 2009)....
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Oral Cannabidiol Prevents Allodynia and Neurological Dysfunctions in a Mouse Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Conclusion In conclusion, our data demonstrate that mTBI causes late sensorial affective/cognitive deficiencies linked to altered neurotransmitter release at cortical level. Moreover, we showed that chronic CBD treatment reduces behavioral dysfunctions by restoring at least in part cortical biochemical processes. Taken together, our results suggest that CBD could represent a novel approach for the management of neuropsychiatric disorders associated with TBI. Author Contributions CB, LL, and RR conceived and designed the experiments. CB, MI, SB, FR, RI, and RM performed the experiments. GP, LS, SP, RR, LL, and IM analyze...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 15, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Apelin-13 Suppresses Neuroinflammation Against Cognitive Deficit in a Streptozotocin-Induced Rat Model of Alzheimer ’s Disease Through Activation of BDNF-TrkB Signaling Pathway
Conclusion The data in this manuscript demonstrates that apelin-13 upregulates BDNF against STZ-induced congnitive impairment by suppressing glial cell activity and inflammatory factors release. This suggests apelin signaling may be a new target in the treatment of AD. Ethics Statement All experimental protocols were carried out according to the National Institutes of Health Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals approved by the Central South University at XiangYa Animal Care and Use Committee. Author Contributions XqQ and LH conceived the study and contributed to its experimental design. HqL carried out the...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 15, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) for the Prevention of Liver Failure in Heat Injury-Mediated Ischemic Hepatitis.
Authors: Will JS, Snyder CJ, Westerfield KL Abstract Exertional Heat Illness with associated ischemic hepatitis (IH) is a common occurrence among military trainees; however, few specific therapies exist if unresponsive to appropriate supportive measures. A 27-year-old basic combat trainee presented with altered mental status, renal insufficiency, rhabdomyolysis, and a core temp of 107.9 °F after collapsing during a run, leading to the diagnosis of heat stroke. While the patient's azotemia and creatinine kinase levels rapidly improved with aggressive intravenous hydration, transaminases continued to increase to nea...
Source: Military Medicine - March 1, 2019 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Tags: Mil Med Source Type: research

Protective Effects of Brain Infarction by N-Acetylcysteine Derivatives Basic Sciences
Conclusions—The results indicate that detoxification of acrolein by NAC derivatives is caused through glutathione conjugation with acrolein catalyzed by glutathione S-transferases, which can be stabilized by NAC derivatives. This is a new concept of acrolein detoxification by NAC derivatives.
Source: Stroke - June 25, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Takeshi Uemura, Kenta Watanabe, Kenta Ko, Kyohei Higashi, Noriyuki Kogure, Mariko Kitajima, Hiromitsu Takayama, Koichi Takao, Yoshiaki Sugita, Akihiko Sakamoto, Yusuke Terui, Toshihiko Toida, Keiko Kashiwagi, Kazuei Igarashi Tags: Animal Models of Human Disease, Ischemia, Oxidant Stress, Ischemic Stroke Original Contributions Source Type: research

Potent Thrombolytic Effect of N-Acetylcysteine on Arterial Thrombi.
Conclusions -We provide evidence that NAC is an effective and safe alternative to currently available antithrombotic agents to restore vessel patency after arterial occlusion. PMID: 28487393 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation - May 9, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Martinez de Lizarrondo S, Gakuba C, Herbig BA, Repessé Y, Ali C, Denis CV, Lenting P, Touzé E, Diamond SL, Vivien D, Gauberti M Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

The effect of ethyl pyruvate and N-acetylcysteine on ischemia-reperfusion injury in an experimental model of ischemic stroke
Reperfusion therapies play an important role in early-period treatment for patients presenting to the emergency department due to stroke. However, the ischemia-reperfusion injury that may occur with reperfusion must then be considered. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and ethyl pyruvate in preventing ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - June 4, 2016 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Suha Turkmen, Ozgen Cekic Gonenc, Yunus Karaca, Ahmet Mentese, Selim Demir, Ercument Beyhun, Aynur Sahin, Abdulkadir Gunduz, Esin Yulug, Suleyman Turedi Source Type: research

The Effect of Ethyl Pyruvate and N-Acetylcysteine on Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in an Experimental Model of Ischemic Stroke
Reperfusion therapies play an important role in early-period treatment of patients presenting to the emergency department due to stroke. However, the ischemia–reperfusion injury that may occur with reperfusion must then be considered. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and ethyl pyruvate in preventing ischemia–reperfusion injury.
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - June 4, 2016 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Turkmen Suha, Cekic Gonenc Ozgen, Karaca Yunus, Mentese Ahmet, Demir Selim, Beyhun Ercument, Sahin Aynur, Gunduz Abdulkadir, Yulug Esin, Turedi Suleyman Source Type: research