Context Processing in Contextual and Cued Fear Extinction
(Source: Neuroscience Bulletin)
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - April 15, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Mertk Reduces Blood-Spinal Cord Barrier Permeability Through the Rhoa/Rock1/P-MLC Pathway After Spinal Cord Injury
AbstractDisruption of the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) is a critical event in the secondary injury following spinal cord injury (SCI). Mertk has been reported to play an important role in regulating inflammation and cytoskeletal dynamics. However, the specific involvement of Mertk in BSCB remains elusive. Here, we demonstrated a distinct role of Mertk in the repair of BSCB. Mertk expression is decreased in endothelial cells following SCI. Overexpression of Mertk upregulated tight junction proteins (TJs), reducing BSCB permeability and subsequently inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis. Ultimately, this led to enhanced ...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - April 9, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Deletion of Luzp2 Does Not Cause Hearing Loss in Mice
AbstractDeafness is the prevailing sensory impairment among humans, impacting every aspect of one's existence. Half of congenital deafness cases are attributed to genetic factors. Studies have shown thatLuzp2 is expressed in hair cells (HCs) and supporting cells of the inner ear, but its specific role in hearing remains unclear. To determine the importance ofLuzp2 in auditory function, we generated mice deficient inLuzp2. Our results revealed thatLuzp2 has predominant expression within the HCs and pillar cells. However, the loss ofLuzp2 did not result in any changes in auditory threshold. HCs or synapse number and HC stere...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - April 9, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Liquid –Liquid Phase Separation within Dense-Core Vesicles in Sympathetic Adrenal Chromaffin Cells
(Source: Neuroscience Bulletin)
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - April 8, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Waking Up Brain with Electrical Stimulation to Boost Memory in Sleep: A Neuroscience Exploration
(Source: Neuroscience Bulletin)
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - April 4, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Strategies for Dissecting the Genetic Driving of Conserved Noncoding-Elements for Evolutionary Development of the Corpus Callosum
(Source: Neuroscience Bulletin)
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - April 3, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
The Role of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Receptor 1 in the Stress-Induced Alteration of Visual Properties in Primary Visual Cortex: Insights from the Single Prolonged Stress Model
(Source: Neuroscience Bulletin)
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - April 2, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Altered Cortical Information Interaction During Respiratory Events in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome
This study aims to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying OSAHS in children, with a particular focus on the alterations in cortical information interaction during respiratory events. We analyzed sleep electroencephalography before, during, and after events, utilizing Symbolic Transfer Entropy (STE) for brain network construction and information flow assessment. The results showed a significant increase in STE after events in specific frequency bands during N2 and rapid eye movement (REM) stages, along with increased STE during N3 stage events. Moreove r, a noteworthy rise in the information flow imbalance w...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - April 1, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
The Neurovascular Unit Dysfunction in the Molecular Mechanisms of Epileptogenesis and Targeted Therapy
AbstractEpilepsy is a multifaceted neurological syndrome characterized by recurrent, spontaneous, and synchronous seizures. The pathogenesis of epilepsy, known as epileptogenesis, involves intricate changes in neurons, neuroglia, and endothelium, leading to structural and functional disorders within neurovascular units and culminating in the development of spontaneous epilepsy. Although current research on epilepsy treatments primarily centers around anti-seizure drugs, it is imperative to seek effective interventions capable of disrupting epileptogenesis. To this end, a comprehensive exploration of the changes and the mol...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - March 30, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
The Contributions of Thrombospondin-1 to Epilepsy Formation
AbstractEpilepsy is a neural network disorder caused by uncontrolled neuronal hyperexcitability induced by an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory networks. Abnormal synaptogenesis plays a vital role in the formation of overexcited networks. Recent evidence has confirmed that thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), mainly secreted by astrocytes, is a critical cytokine that regulates synaptogenesis during epileptogenesis. Furthermore, numerous studies have reported that TSP-1 is also involved in other processes, such as angiogenesis, neuroinflammation, and regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis, which are closely associated with the occur...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - March 26, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
L-Type Calcium Channel Modulates Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound-Induced Excitation in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons
AbstractAs a noninvasive technique, ultrasound stimulation is known to modulate neuronal activity bothin vitro andin vivo. The latest explanation of this phenomenon is that the acoustic wave can activate the ion channels and further impact the electrophysiological properties of targeted neurons. However, the underlying mechanism of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS)-induced neuro-modulation effects is still unclear. Here, we characterize the excitatory effects of LIPUS on spontaneous activity and the intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis in cultured hippocampal neurons. By whole-cell patch clamp recording, we found that 15 Â...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - March 18, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
The Application of Extended Reality in Treating Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
AbstractAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in children, characterized by social interaction, communication difficulties, and repetitive and stereotyped behaviors. Existing intervention methods have limitations, such as requiring long treatment periods and needing to be more convenient to implement. Extended Reality (XR) technology offers a virtual environment to enhance children's social, communication, and self-regulation skills. This paper compares XR theoretical models, application examples, and intervention effects. The study reveals that XR intervention therapy is mainly based on co...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - March 18, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Chimeric Monkey Born Alive with a High Contribution of Donor Cells
(Source: Neuroscience Bulletin)
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - March 16, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
GABAergic Interneuron Cell Therapy for Drug-Resistant Epilepsy
(Source: Neuroscience Bulletin)
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - March 16, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
SMART (Splitting-Merging Assisted Reliable) Independent Component Analysis for Extracting Accurate Brain Functional Networks
AbstractFunctional networks (FNs) hold significant promise in understanding brain function. Independent component analysis (ICA) has been applied in estimating FNs from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). However, determining an optimal model order for ICA remains challenging, leading to criticism about the reliability of FN estimation. Here, we propose a SMART (splitting-merging assisted reliable) ICA method that automatically extracts reliable FNs by clustering independent components (ICs) obtained from multi-model-order ICA using a simplified graph while providing linkages among FNs deduced from different-mode...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - March 15, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
