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Condition: Motor Neurone Disease

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Total 256 results found since Jan 2013.

Brain Computer Interfaces in Rehabilitation Medicine
This article discusses the basic components of BCI for rehabilitation, including recording systems and locations, signal processing and translation algorithms, and external devices controlled through BCI commands. An overview of applications in motor and sensory restoration is provided, along with ethical questions and user perspectives regarding BCI technology.
Source: PMandR - October 5, 2018 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research

Epidemiological survey of neurological diseases in a tribal population cluster in Gujarat
Conclusion: The prevalence rates of most disorders were found to be lower than those reported elsewhere, but age and sex prevalence patterns were similar to existing research. Challenges in conducting such a study in a remote population are discussed.
Source: Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology - November 2, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Khushnuma A Mansukhani Maria A Barretto Sharmila A Donde Jagruti Wandrekar Advaita Nigudkar Ridhi Nair Source Type: research

Clinical and electrophysiological investigation of spastic muscle overactivity in patients with disorders of consciousness following severe brain injury
About a third of patients who underwent a stroke or a traumatic brain injury will develop upper motor neuron (UMN) syndrome with spastic muscle overactivity (SMO) (Wissel et al. 2010, 2013; Martens et al. 2018). This syndrome can occur following any central nervous system lesion involving the corticospinal tract and parapyramidal tracts along the cortex, brainstem and spinal cord. UMN syndrome is classically described with positive (e.g., SMO) and negative signs (e.g., muscle weakness, fatigability) (Thibaut et al.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - December 7, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: G. Martens, T. Deltombe, M. Foidart-Dessalle, S. Laureys, A. Thibaut Source Type: research

A rare cause of childhood stroke
A 2-year-old girl was evaluated following a fall from a scooter ’s footrest. The physical examination revealed right side upper motor neuron facial palsy and ipsilateral hemiplegia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed acute infarction of the left gangliocapsular region (Figure 1). Computed tomography of the head (HCT) revealed bilateral basa l ganglia calcifications, and a hypodensity over the left gangliocapsular region (Figure - panel B). Coronal and sagittal reconstruction HCT images revealed bilateral linear calcifications suggestive of mineralized lenticulostriate arteries (Figure - panels C, D).
Source: Pediatric Neurology - February 8, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Neena Baby, Fiju Chacko, Mangalasseril Kuriakose Aneesh Tags: Visual Diagnosis Source Type: research

Imagery strategy affects spinal motor neuron excitability: using kinesthetic and somatosensory imagery
In this study, we examined spinal motor neuron excitability during kinesthetic, somatosensory, and combined imagery. Healthy adult volunteers (n=14) were recruited for F-wave recording. The F-wave was measured during relaxation to determine baseline levels, followed by measurement during the three imagery trials performed in a random order. In the somatosensory imagery (SI) trial, participants imagined tactile and pressure perception of the thumb finger pulp during holding a pinch meter. In the kinesthetic imagery (KI) trial, participants imagined muscle contraction during isometric thenar muscle activity at 50% maximal vo...
Source: NeuroReport - April 13, 2019 Category: Neurology Tags: CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE Source Type: research

An unusual combination of neurological manifestations and sudden vision loss in a child with familial hyperphosphatemic tumoral calcinosis
We report a child with hyperphosphatemia who presented with multiple episodes of neurologic dysfunction involving lower motor neuron facial nerve palsy along with sequential visual loss. He also had an episode of stroke. There was an extensive metastatic calcification of soft tissue and vasculature. Hyperphosphatemia with normal serum alkaline phosphatase, calcium, parathyroid hormone, and renal function was noted. He was managed with hemodialysis and sevelamer (3 months) without much success in reducing serum phosphate level, requiring continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (3 years). Intact fibroblast growth factor 23...
Source: Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology - June 30, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Lokesh Lingappa Shoji Ichikawa Amie K Gray Dena Acton Michael J Evans Rajsekara Chakravarthi Madarasu Ramesh Kekunnaya Sirisharani Siddaiahagari Source Type: research

Treatment and Management of Spasticity.
Abstract Treatment and Management of Spasticity Abstract. In the care of neurological patients with a lesion of the first motor neuron, for example after stroke or multiple sclerosis, spasticity is a common problem with considerable impairment of quality of life. The treatment is based in the first place on therapeutic and nursing interventions. In addition, a systemic antispastic medication or, depending on the distribution of the spasticity, local injections with botulinum neurotoxin can be applied. If this is insufficient, surgical procedures may be considered. PMID: 32752967 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Source: Praxis - July 31, 2020 Category: General Medicine Authors: Disko A Tags: Praxis (Bern 1994) Source Type: research

Concurrent maxillary herpes zoster, meningitis, focal cerebral arteriopathy, and ischemic stroke: A case report
Secondary headache, fever, and upper motor neuron signs following facial herpes zoster during childhood should alert clinicians to the possibility of central nervous system complications of varicella ‐zoster virus infection. AbstractSecondary headache, fever, and upper motor neuron signs following facial herpes zoster during childhood should alert clinicians to the possibility of central nervous system complications of varicella ‐zoster virus infection.
Source: Clinical Case Reports - August 31, 2020 Category: General Medicine Authors: Mao Liu, Jing Zhang, Mimi Wen, Min Zhang Tags: CASE REPORT Source Type: research

Introduction to spasticity and related mouse models.
Abstract Although spasticity is one of the most common causes of motor disability worldwide, its precise definition and pathophysiology remain elusive, which to date renders its experimental targeting tricky. At least in part, this difficulty is caused by heterogeneous phenotypes of spasticity-causing neurological disorders, all causing spasticity by involving upper motor neurons. The most common clinical symptoms are a series of rapid muscle contractions (clonus), an increased muscle tone (hypertonia), and augmented tendon reflex activity (hyperreflexia). This muscle overactivity is due to disturbed inhibition of...
Source: Experimental Neurology - September 28, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Wieters F, Lucas CW, Gruhn M, Büschges A, Fink GR, Aswendt M Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research

Sensors, Vol. 21, Pages 1162: Reliability of Bi-Axial Ankle Stiffness Measurement in Older Adults
This study involves measurements of bi-axial ankle stiffness in older adults, where the ankle joint is passively moved along the talocrural and subtalar joints using a custom ankle movement trainer. A total of 15 elderly individuals participated in test–retest reliability measurements of bi-axial ankle stiffness at exactly one-week intervals for validation of the angular displacement in the device. The ankle’s range of motion was also compared, along with its stiffness. The kinematic measurements significantly corresponded to results from a marker-based motion capture system (dorsi-/plantar flexion: r = 0.996; inversio...
Source: Sensors - February 7, 2021 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Hogene Kim Sangwoo Cho Hwiyoung Lee Tags: Communication Source Type: research

Highlighting the protective or degenerative role of AMPK activators in dementia experimental models
CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2021 May 26. doi: 10.2174/1871527320666210526160214. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a serine/threonine kinase and a driving or deterrent factor in the development of neurodegenerative diseases and dementia. AMPK affects intracellular proteins like the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1-α (among others) contributes to a wide range of intracellular activities based on its downstream molecules such as energy balancing (ATP synthesis), extracellular inflammation, cell growth, and neuronal cell d...
Source: CNS and Neurological Disorders Drug Targets - May 27, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Marjan Nikbakhtzadeh Fatemeh Shaerzadeh Ghorbangol Ashabi Source Type: research