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Condition: Motor Neurone Disease

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Total 256 results found since Jan 2013.

A case of aphemia following non-dominant sub-insular stroke: unveiling the Foix-Chavany-Marie phenomenon
Neurocase. 2021 Jun 27:1-6. doi: 10.1080/13554794.2021.1933541. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAphemia refers to the clinical syndrome of inability to orally produce speech with intact comprehension and written expression. Aphemia has been primarily reported in dominant frontal lobe strokes resulting in apraxia of speech (AoS), and in Foix-Chavany-Marie (FCM) syndrome where bilateral opercular or sub-opercular lesions result in anarthria due to deafferentation of brainstem nuclei supplying the oro-facio-lingual and pharyngeal musculature. Aphemia is not reported in non-dominant sub-insular strokes. Here, we present a case o...
Source: Neurocase - June 28, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Saurav Das Whitney Postman Michael A Haboubi Ozan Akca Kerri Remmel Alexandre R Carter Allyson Zazulia Source Type: research

Ventrolateral pontomedullary junction ischaemic stroke imitating isolated facial nerve palsy
Pract Neurol. 2023 Aug 3:pn-2023-003839. doi: 10.1136/pn-2023-003839. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTA 75-year-old woman presenting with unilateral lower motor neurone facial weakness was ultimately diagnosed with an ischaemic stroke at the pontomedullary junction affecting the facial nerve fascicles. Isolated, unilateral, upper and lower facial weakness is typically caused by lesions affecting the facial nerve, such as Bell's palsy, though rarely can be a manifestation of acute ischaemic stroke. It is important for neurologists and emergency providers to determine appropriately which patients with facial weakness require n...
Source: Practical Neurology - August 3, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Patrick Hartnett Daniela Zambrano Source Type: research

Ankle-Foot-Orthosis “Hermes” Compensates Pathological Ankle Stiffness of Chronic Stroke—A Proof of Concept
Individuals with an upper motor neuron syndrome, e.g., stroke survivors, may have a pathological increase of passive ankle stiffness due to spasticity, that impairs ankle function and activities such as walking. To improve mobility, walking aids such as ankle-foot orthoses and orthopaedic shoes are prescribed. However, these walking aids generally limit the range of motion (ROM) of the foot and may therewith negatively influence activities that require a larger ROM. Here we present a new ankle-foot orthosis “Hermes”, and its first experimental results from four hemiparetic chronic stroke patients. Hermes was ...
Source: IEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering - September 7, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

MRI in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: more than a promise
In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, the deadliest form of motor neuron diseases, physicians observe the spread of non-painful paralysis with intact sensory function often presenting as asymmetric muscle atrophy and brisk or maintained reflexes. Using Awaji criteria to estimate upper and lower motor neuron signs in bulbar, cervical, thoracic and lumbar regions, and the highly sensitive electromyography (EMG), they diagnose amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in a majority of the cases. The spread of symptoms is attributed to spinal motor neuron pathology, but experienced ALS neurologists will agree that a slowing of movement,...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - June 9, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Grosskreutz, J. Tags: Dementia, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Motor neurone disease, Neuromuscular disease, Spinal cord, Stroke, Memory disorders (psychiatry), Psychiatry of old age Editorial commentaries Source Type: research

A pilot study on the effects of low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on lower extremity spasticity and motor neuron excitability in patients after stroke
To evaluate the effect of low frequency, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on the lower extremity spasticity and motor neuron excitability in patients after stroke.
Source: Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies - October 23, 2014 Category: Physiotherapy Authors: Soofia Naghdi, Noureddin Nakhostin Ansari, Maryam Rastgoo, Bijan Forogh, Shohreh Jalaie, Gholamreza Olyaei Source Type: research

Motor Neuron Diseases
Motor neuron diseases information sheet compiled by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS).
Source: NINDS Disorders: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke - October 26, 2014 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Managing upper extremity clonus with intramuscular botulinum toxin-A injections in a patient post-stroke
Spasticity and clonus are common clinical signs of upper motor neuron lesions post-stroke. Intramuscular botulinum toxin-A injections have been shown to reduce spasticity and improve quality of life. Upper extremity clonus can have a significant impact upon activities of daily living and can pose challenges to comfort, self-care, hygiene, and appearance. Although less common than in ankle, it is important to understand how upper extremity clonus management may be beneficial to patients presenting with this finding.
Source: PM and R - October 31, 2014 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Adam Kassam, Chetan P. Phadke, Farooq Ismail, Chris Boulias Source Type: research

Cerebrovascular injury as a risk factor for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Conclusions Cerebrovascular injury from a variety of causes, rather than the presence of AVM or the associated embolisation procedure per se, may be a risk factor for ALS within the context of a more complex multiple-hit model of pathogenesis.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - February 14, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Turner, M. R., Goldacre, R., Talbot, K., Goldacre, M. J. Tags: Open access, Genetics, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Motor neurone disease, Neuromuscular disease, Spinal cord, Stroke Neurodegeneration Source Type: research

Predictors of Spasticity After Stroke
Abstract Purpose of Review Spasticity is a part of the upper motor neuron syndrome and can result in reduced function. Reduction of the complications may be facilitated by early intervention, making identification of stroke patients at high risk for developing spasticity essential. Recent Finding Different predictors of poststroke spasticity (PSS) have been suggested in different studies, including development of increased muscle tone, greater severity of paresis, sensory impairment, and low Barthel Index score. The results also indicate that early identification of factors predictive of PSS is beneficial. Summary ...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - July 21, 2016 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research

Non-invasive assessment of motor unit activation in relation to motor neuron level and lesion location in stroke and spinal muscular atrophy
The results suggest, that for stroke, information from the brain is modified thereby resulting in motor units firing at their natural frequency. Thus, high spatial resolution electromyography and the chosen parameters facilitate non-invasive, objective differentiation and analysis of the activation patterns of motor units in neuromuscular disorders.
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - May 26, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Sybele E. Williams, Kathrin C. Koch, Catherine Disselhorst-Klug Source Type: research