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Specialty: Neurology
Condition: Encephalitis

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Total 277 results found since Jan 2013.

SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Symptoms of the Nervous System and Implications for Therapy in Neurological Disorders
AbstractIn this paper, the neurological aspects of COVID-19 are presented, which may be of significance for physicians. Knowledge about the neurological symptoms of COVID-19 infection should help physicians in diagnoses and in taking appropriate precautions, as some manifestations can appear before typical pulmonary symptoms. Various mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 neuroinvasion are discussed and symptoms are described, which can be subdivided into manifestations of the central nervous system (CNS) (headache, dizziness, stroke, impaired consciousness, encephalitis, meningitis, seizures) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) (charac...
Source: Neurology and Therapy - May 22, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Demyelination as a result of an immune response in patients with COVID-19
AbstractThe coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2), that already appeared as a global pandemic. Presentation of the disease often includes upper respiratory symptoms like dry cough, dyspnea, chest pain, and rhinorrhea that can develop to respiratory failure, needing intubation. Furthermore, the occurrence of acute and subacute neurological manifestations such as stroke, encephalitis, headache, and seizures are frequently stated in patients with COVID-19. One of the reported neurological complications of severe COVID-19 is the demolition of the my...
Source: Acta Neurologica Belgica - May 2, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Systemic Inflammation Is Associated With Neurologic Involvement in Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome Associated With SARS-CoV-2
Conclusions Broad neurologic features were found in 12% patients with PIMS-TS. By 3-month follow-up, half of these surviving children had recovered fully without neurologic impairment. Significantly higher systemic inflammatory markers were identified in children with neurologic involvement and in those who had not recovered fully.
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - April 13, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Sa, M., Mirza, L., Carter, M., Carlton Jones, L., Gowda, V., Handforth, J., Hedderly, T., Kenny, J., Lascelles, K., Lin, J.-P., Lumsden, D., McDougall, M., Miller, O., Rossor, T., Shivamurthy, V., Siddiqui, A., Singh, R., Tang, S., White, M., Byrne, S., L Tags: Childhood stroke, Encephalitis, Prognosis, All Neuropsychology/Behavior Article Source Type: research

Bruxism in Acute Neurologic Illness
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWhile traditionally encountered in ambulatory settings, bruxism occurs in patients with a variety of acute neurologic illnesses including encephalitis, intracerebral hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, and acute ischemic stroke. Untreated bruxism in acute neurologic illness can lead to tooth loss, difficulty in mouth care resulting in recurrent aspiration pneumonia, endotracheal tube dislodgement, and even tongue laceration or amputation. Inpatient clinicians should be aware of the etiologies and management strategies for bruxism secondary to acute neurologic illnes...
Source: Current Pain and Headache Reports - April 10, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Severe Neurologic Complications of SARS-CoV-2
We present readers with a review of the literature of severe neurologic complications of SARS-CoV-2 and cases from our institution to illustrate these conditions.Recent FindingsNeurologic manifestations are being increasingly recognized in the literature. Some patients can have severe neurologic manifestations, though the true prevalence is unknown.SummarySevere neurologic complications of COVID-19 include large vessel occlusion ischemic stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, encephalitis, myelitis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, status epilepticus, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. The...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Neurology - March 31, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Acute Fulminant Cerebellitis in Children with COVID-19 Infection: A Rare But Treatable Complication
The past year, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has displayed widespread systemic manifestations including neurological features (up to 36%) such as stroke, myelitis, and encephalitis.1,2 We draw attention to two children with COVID-19-associated acute fulminant cerebellitis and discuss the treatment challenges.
Source: Pediatric Neurology - March 24, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Sanjiv Sharma, Jigish Ruparelia, Suryanarayanan Bhaskar, Sarbesh Tiwari, Vijaya Lakshmi Nag, Samhita Panda Tags: Clinical Letter Source Type: research

Acute Fulminant Cerebellitis in Paediatric COVID-19 Infection- rare, yet a potentially treatable clinical entity
This past year, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has displayed widespread systemic manifestations including neurological features (upto 36%) such as stroke, myelitis and encephalitis.1,2 We would like to draw attention to two cases of paediatric COVID-19-associated acute fulminant cerebellitis and discuss treatment challenges.
Source: Pediatric Neurology - March 24, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Sanjiv Sharma, Jigish Ruparelia, Suryanarayanan Bhaskar, Sarbesh Tiwari, Vijaya Lakshmi Nag, Samhita Panda Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

COVID-19 Pathophysiology Predicts That Ischemic Stroke Occurrence Is an Expectation, Not an Exception —A Systematic Review
This study provides a comprehensive review of the pathobiology of COVID-19 and ischemic stroke. It also affirms that the immunological contribution to the pathophysiology of COVID-19 is predictive of the neurological sequelae particularly ischemic stroke, which makes it the expectation rather than the exception. This work is of fundamental significance to the neurorehabilitation community given the increasing number of COVID-related ischemic strokes, the current limited knowledge regarding the risk of reinfection, and recent reports of a PCNS. It further highlights the need for global collaboration and research into new pa...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - January 28, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Association of Epileptiform Abnormality on Electroencephalography with Development of Epilepsy After Acute Brain Injury
ConclusionsEAs on cEEG in patients with ABI are associated with a greater than three-fold increased risk of new-onset epilepsy. cEEG findings in ABI may therefore be a useful risk stratification tool for assessing long-term risk of seizures and serve as a biomarker for new-onset epilepsy.
Source: Neurocritical Care - January 20, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Central and peripheral nervous system complications of COVID-19: a prospective tertiary center cohort with 3-month follow-up
ConclusionCNS  and PNS complications were common in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, particularly in the ICU, and often attributable to critical illness. When COVID-19 was the primary cause for neurological disease, no signs of viral neurotropism were detected, but laboratory changes suggested autoimmune-mediate d mechanisms.
Source: Journal of Neurology - January 13, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Antihistamines as a common cause of new-onset seizures: a single-center observational study
ConclusionIn our population, antihistamine accounted for the highest proportion of drug-induced seizures. Considering that antihistamines are widely used as over-the-counter drugs around the world, they should be considered a possible cause of new-onset seizures.
Source: Neurological Sciences - January 12, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Case Report: Postacute Rehabilitation of Guillain-Barr é Syndrome and Cerebral Vasculitis-Like Pattern Accompanied by SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Conclusion: In this report, we present the case of a patient with peripheral and central neurological damage occurred later severe pneumonia induced by SARS-CoV-2. The Immunoglobulin G therapy allowed the patient to benefit considerably from early rehabilitation, reaching the walking, increasing the independence in daily living tasks, and enabling safe discharge from hospital to home. Related neurologic complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection suffer a lack of understanding and further investigations should be conducted.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - January 7, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Exploration of patient- and relative-reported outcomes of cognitive, emotional, and social function after encephalitis.
Conclusions: Individuals affected by encephalitis experience the most significant symptoms in the somatic, cognitive, and communication domains. Outcomes as assessed by relatives were notably worse than those assessed by individuals themselves in nearly all domains. PMID: 33356613 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Brain Injury - December 29, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Brain Inj Source Type: research

Acute ischemic stroke in a pediatric patient with known exposure to COVID-19 and positive serology
Neurologic manifestations of COVID-19 in pediatrics are not well understood. Recently, Kaur et al. reported a child with transverse myelitis and McAbee et al. described a child with seizures and encephalitis, in the setting of an acute COVID-19 infection.1,2 Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and focal cerebral arteriopathy have also been reported.3
Source: Pediatric Neurology - December 14, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Min Ye Shen, Rachelle Dugue, Angel R. Maldonado-Soto, Kiran T. Thakur, Israel Zyskind, Wendy S. Vargas Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research

Presentations and mechanisms of CNS disorders related to COVID-19
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In addition to severe respiratory symptoms, there are a growing number of reports showing a wide range of CNS complications in patients with COVID-19. Here, we review the literature on these complications, ranging from nonspecific symptoms to necrotizing encephalopathies, encephalitis, myelitis, encephalomyelitis, endotheliitis, and stroke. We postulate that there are several different mechanisms involved in COVID-19–associated CNS dysfunction, particularly activation of inflammatory and thro...
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - December 11, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Bodro, M., Compta, Y., Sanchez-Valle, R. Tags: Other cerebrovascular disease/ Stroke, Encephalitis, COVID-19 Views [amp ] Reviews Source Type: research