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Specialty: Neurology
Condition: Encephalitis

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Total 277 results found since Jan 2013.

Nurses: The Missing Link in Continuous EEG Monitoring?
The past decade has been marked by the advent of continuous EEG (cEEG) monitoring, which is now recommended as the standard of care in numerous medical conditions seen in the neurologic intensive care unit (ICU).1,2 In clinical practice, its main indications are seizure detection, treatment monitoring, and prognostication in various conditions such as seizures/status epilepticus, ischemic stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, brain tumor, encephalitis/sepsis-associated encephalopathy, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, targeted temperature management, and cardiac arrest.2,3
Source: Neurology Clinical Practice - October 11, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Jacq, G., Legriel, S. Tags: Practice Current, EEG Editorial Source Type: research

Human Herpesvirus 6 in the CSF of a Woman With New-Onset Seizures: Encephalitis or Genomic Integration?
Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) can successfully integrate itself into the human genome, which may complicate the diagnosis of HHV-6 encephalitis. Headache and visual symptoms can rarely be caused by epileptic seizure (ictal headache and hemicrania epileptica).
Source: Neurology Clinical Practice - October 11, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Wenner, A. M., Weitz, L., Ostertag, K., Hubmer, S., Springer, E., Stoiser, B., Baumgartner, C., Riederer, F. Tags: Encephalitis, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, EEG; see Epilepsy/Seizures Case Source Type: research

Acute Neurologic Manifestations of Respiratory Viruses
This article describes the most common respiratory viruses that have neurologic manifestations, with a focus on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. RECENT FINDINGS In vitro and in vivo studies have better elucidated the neurotropism of various respiratory viruses. Understanding host cell receptors that mediate viral binding and entry not only demonstrates how viruses enter host cells but also provides possible mechanisms for therapeutic interventions. Elucidation of SARS-CoV-2 binding and fusion with host cells expressing the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor may also provide greater insights into its systemic an...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - October 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

Neuro ‐COVID‐19
AbstractNeuromuscular manifestations of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) are frequent and include dizziness, headache, myopathy, and olfactory and gustatory disturbances. Patients with acute central nervous system (CNS) disorders, such as delirium, impaired consciousness, stroke, and convulsive seizures, have a high mortality rate. The encephalitis/encephalopathy that causes consciousness disturbance and seizures can be classified into three conditions, including direct infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, encephalopathy caused by CNS damage secondary to systemic hypercytokinemia (cytokine storm), and autoimmune-mediat...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Neuroimmunology - September 12, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Takayoshi Shimohata Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research

Incidence, prevalence and disability associated with neurological disorders in Italy between 1990 and 2019: an analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
ConclusionsThe increase in YLDs associated with neurological conditions is mostly due to population ageing and growth: nevertheless, lived disability and, as a consequence, impact on health systems has increased. Actions are needed to improve outcome and mitigate disability associated with neurological conditions, spanning among diagnosis, treatment, care pathways and workplace interventions.
Source: Journal of Neurology - September 8, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The Effect of Data Length on the Assessment of Dynamic Cerebral Autoregulation with Transfer Function Analysis in Neurological ICU Patients
ConclusionsConsidering the acceptable rates for the data and the variation in the TFA variables (phase shift and gain), we recommend recording data for a minimum length of 7  min for TFA in patients in the neuro-ICU.
Source: Neurocritical Care - August 17, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Clinicopathological features of neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease diagnosed by skin biopsy
ConclusionsThe results indicated that inclusions were more easily detected in sweat gland cells in skin biopsy. The early stage of NIID could only characterized by autonomic nerve function involvement. Combined autonomic nerve dysfunction might be another relatively common manifestation in NIID.
Source: Neurological Sciences - August 13, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neurological Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Comprehensive Review and Meta-Analysis of the First 6 Months of Pandemic Reporting
Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic exerts a substantial neurologic burden which may have residual effects on patients and healthcare systems for years. Low quality evidence impedes the ability to accurately predict the magnitude of this burden. Robust studies with standardised screening and case definitions are required to improve understanding of this disease and optimise treatment of individuals at higher risk for neurologic sequelae.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - August 12, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neurologic Manifestations of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection
This article describes the spectrum of neurologic complications associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, their underlying pathology and pathogenic mechanisms, gaps in knowledge, and current therapeutic strategies. RECENT FINDINGS COVID-19 is the clinical syndrome caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. It can affect the entire neuraxis, and presentations in the acute phase are variable, although anosmia is a common manifestation. Encephalopathy is common in patients who are hospitalized and is often associated with multiorgan involvement. Immune-mediated encephaliti...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - August 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

Unilateral basal ganglia restricted diffusion in anti ‐leucine‐rich glioma‐inactivated 1 encephalitis mimicking cerebral infarction: A report on two cases and literature review
ConclusionOur report adds to the heterogeneity of anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated  1 encephalitis and highlights the need to consider this diagnosis in patients who present atypically.
Source: Clinical and Experimental Neuroimmunology - July 23, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Mervyn Q. W. Poh, Hui Jin Chiew, Zheyu Xu, Kevin Tan, Tchoyoson C. C. Lim, Tianrong Yeo Tags: CASE REPORT Source Type: research

Stroke-like episodes with cerebellar ataxia as presenting manifestation of adult-onset anti-N-methyl d-aspartate receptor encephalitis: an unusual presentation
Source: Acta Neurologica Belgica - July 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Unilateral basal ganglia restricted diffusion in anti ‐LGI1 encephalitis mimicking cerebral infarction: A report on two cases and literature review
ConclusionOur report adds to the heterogeneity of anti-LGI1 encephalitis and highlights the need to consider this diagnosis in patients who present atypically.
Source: Clinical and Experimental Neuroimmunology - July 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Mervyn Qi Wei Poh, Hui Jin Chiew, Zheyu Xu, Kevin Tan, Tchoyoson Choie Chioe Lim, Tianrong Yeo Tags: CASE REPORT Source Type: research

Varicella-Zoster Vasculopathy Causing Carotid Artery Dissection
This case raises the potential association between cervical arterial dissection and VZV vasculopathy. We advise angiographic imaging of neck vessels when VZV vasculopathy is suspected.
Source: Neurology Clinical Practice - June 7, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Williams, L., Delaney, F., Kenny, G., Marnane, M., Kavanagh, E., Sheehan, G., Murphy, S. Tags: Encephalitis, Viral infections, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Carotid artery dissection Case Source Type: research

Altered mental status in COVID-19
ConclusionIn patients with COVID-19, AMS on presentation to the ED is most frequently caused by metabolic encephalopathy (delirium). Seizures and cerebrovascular events contribute to a lesser degree; encephalitis appears rare.
Source: Journal of Neurology - June 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

COVID-19 encephalitis with SARS-CoV-2 detected in cerebrospinal fluid presenting as a stroke mimic
We report the case of a 35-year-old male with COVID-19 encephalitis presenting as a stroke mimic with sudden-onset expressive and receptive dysphasia, mild confusion and right arm incoordination. The patient received thrombolysis for a suspected ischaemic stroke, but later became febrile and SARS-CoV-2 was detected in cerebrospinal fluid. Electroencephalography demonstrated excess in slow waves, but neuroimaging was reported as normal. Respiratory symptoms were absent throughout and nasopharyngeal swab was negative for SARS-CoV-2.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - May 30, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Diarmuid Glavin, Denise Kelly, Greta Karen Wood, Beth MS McCausland, Mark Alexander Ellul, Aravinthan Varatharaj, Ian Galea, Rhys Huw Thomas, Benedict Daniel Michael, Brian Gallen, CoroNerve Study Management Group Tags: Case Report Source Type: research