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Total 1410 results found since Jan 2013.

Abstract 4217: Nuclear expression of BCL10 has a role in the regulation of cell growth and progression of pancreatic cancer through the activation of NF-{kappa}B-related signaling
Background: We previously reported that activation of TNF-α results in upregulation of NF-κB and nuclear translocation of BCL3 and BCL10 in breast cancer cell line and lymphoma cell line (J Biol Chem 2006;281:167-75, Blood 2008;112:2927-34). Furthermore, we recently demonstrated that BCL10 plays an important role in controlling the growth of cervical cancer cells through NF-κB dependent cyclin D1 regulation (Gynecol Oncol 2012;126:245-51). Since NF-κB activation has been shown to occur in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer, we sought to investigate whether BCL10-signaling possesses clinical significance in relation ...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kuo, S.-H., Yang, S.-H., Yeh, K.-H., Yeh, P.-Y., Tien, Y.-W., Lee, H.-W., Chen, L.-T., Cheng, A.-L. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Cofilin Inhibition Restores Neuronal Cell Death in Oxygen–Glucose Deprivation Model of Ischemia
Abstract Ischemia is a condition associated with decreased blood supply to the brain, eventually leading to death of neurons. It is associated with a diverse cascade of responses involving both degenerative and regenerative mechanisms. At the cellular level, the changes are initiated prominently in the neuronal cytoskeleton. Cofilin, a cytoskeletal actin severing protein, is known to be involved in the early stages of apoptotic cell death. Evidence supports its intervention in the progression of disease states like Alzheimer’s and ischemic kidney disease. In the present study, we have hypothesized the possible i...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - December 20, 2014 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Role of the parathyroid hormone type 1 receptor (PTH1R) as a mechanosensor in osteocyte survival
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research - December 1, 2014 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Marta Maycas, Juan A. Ardura, Luis Fernández de Castro, Beatriz Bravo, Arancha R. Gortázar, Pedro Esbrit Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

CREB/CRTC-mediated regulation of transcription is important for regulatory T cells
Conclusion: Our data point to an activation of CREB/CRTC-mediated transcription in naturally occurring as well as in in vitro induced Tregs. CREB knockdown reduced the formation of iTregs suggesting a possible role of this pathway in immune tolerance.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 23, 2014 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Bartel, S., Kastle, M., Eickelberg, O., Krauss-Etschmann, S. Tags: 5.3 Allergy and Immunology Source Type: research

CYP3A5 regulates prostate cancer cell growth by facilitating nuclear translocation of AR
CONCLUSIONAs CYP3A5 regulates the nuclear translocation of AR; co‐targeting CYP3A5 may provide a novel strategy for enhancing the efficacy of androgen deprivation therapy. Consequentially, these data suggest that concomitant medications may impact androgen deprivation therapy's efficacy. Prostate © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: The Prostate - January 13, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Ranjana Mitra, Oscar B. Goodman Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

P62 regulates resveratrol-mediated Fas/Cav-1 complex formation and transition from autophagy to apoptosis.
In conclusion, P62 links resveratrol-induced autophagy to apoptosis. P62 blocks apoptosis by inhibiting Fas/Cav-1 complex formation, but RSV-induced autophagic degradation of P62 enables formation of Fas/Cav-1 complexes which then activate caspase-8-mediated Beclin-1 cleavage, resulting in translocation of the Beclin-1 C-terminal fragment to the mitochondria to initiate apoptosis. PMID: 25596736 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Oncotarget - January 21, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

The Involvement of p62-Keap1-Nrf2 antioxidative signaling pathway and JNK in the protection of natural flavonoid quercetin against hepatotoxicity.
Abstract Quercetin, one of the most abundant dietary flavonoids, is reported to have protective function against various hepatotoxicants-induced hepatotoxicity. The present study aims to investigate the critical role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) antioxidative signaling pathway in the protection of quercetin against hepatotoxicity. Quercetin prevented the cytotoxicity induced by a variety of hepatotoxicants including clivorine (Cliv), acetaminophen (APAP), ethanol, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), and toosendanin (TSN) in human normal liver L-02 cells. Quercetin induced the nuclear translocatio...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - April 13, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Ji LL, Sheng YC, Zheng ZY, Shi L, Wang ZT Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

The Plant Derivative Compound A Inhibits the Production of Corticosteroid-resistant Chemokines by Airway Smooth Muscle Cells.
Abstract Preclinical models of human conditions including asthma showed the therapeutic potential of compound A (CpdA), a dissociated glucocorticoid (GC) receptor (GRα) ligand. Whether CpdA inhibits GC resistance, a central feature of severe asthma, has not been addressed. We investigated whether CpdA modulates cytokine-induced GC resistance in human airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. Healthy and asthmatic ASM cells were treated with TNFα/IFNγ for 24 hr in the presence or absence of CpdA. ELISA and qPCR assays were used to assess the effect of CpdA on chemokine expression. Activation of GRα by CpdA was assessed...
Source: Am J Respir Cell Mol... - April 21, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Gavrila A, Chachi L, Tliba O, Brightling C, Amrani Y Tags: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol Source Type: research

IL-1β enhances vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration via P2Y2 receptor-mediated RAGE expression and HMGB1 release.
Abstract Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the major cell type in blood vessel walls, and their proliferation and migration play important roles in the development of atherosclerosis. Recently, it has been reported that IL-1β mediates the inflammatory response through the upregulation of the P2Y2 receptor (P2Y2R). Thus, we examined the role of P2Y2R in IL-1β-mediated proliferation and migration of VSMCs and the underlying molecular mechanisms. VSMCs were pretreated with IL-1β for 24h to upregulate P2Y2R expression. The cells were then stimulated with UTP or ATP for the indicated times, and cell prolifera...
Source: Vascular Pharmacology - May 5, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Eun SY, Ko YS, Park SW, Chang KC, Kim HJ Tags: Vascul Pharmacol Source Type: research

Abstract 4956: Hsp27 negatively affects Hippo tumor suppressor pathway to regulate cell survival in cancer
Conclusion: Hsp27 overexpression contributes to inactivation of Hippo pathway. Targeting Hsp27 leads to inactivation of YAP and TAZ onco-proteins affecting cancer cell survival.Impact: Our data further supports the significance of targeting Hsp27 as a treatment option in cancers, especially metastatic malignancies like CRPC.Citation Format: Sepideh Vahid, Daksh Thaper, Amina Zoubeidi. Hsp27 negatively affects Hippo tumor suppressor pathway to regulate cell survival in cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelph...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Vahid, S., Thaper, D., Zoubeidi, A. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

The IRAK-ERK-p67phox-Nox-2 axis mediates TLR4, 2-induced ROS production for IL-1β transcription and processing in monocytes.
Abstract In monocytic cells, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)- and TLR2-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) cause oxidative stress and inflammatory response; however, the mechanism is not well understood. The present study investigated the role of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p67phox and Nox-2 in TLR4- and TLR2-induced ROS generation during interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) transcription, processing, and secretion. An IRAK1/4 inhibitor, U0126, PD98059, an NADPH oxidase inhibitor (diphenyleneiodonium (DPI)), and a free radical scavenger (N-acetyl cysteine (NAC...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Immunology - August 31, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Singh A, Singh V, Tiwari RL, Chandra T, Kumar A, Dikshit M, Barthwal MK Tags: Cell Mol Immunol Source Type: research

Abstract P086: Superoxide but Not Hydrogen Peroxide Increases Nuclear Translocation of Transcription Factor Sp3 and AT1 Receptor Expression in the Renal Cells Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception
Age-associated oxidative stress causes up-regulation of renal AT1 receptor function (AT1R) and hypertension in aging Fischer Brown Norway (FBN) rats. Here we studied the mechanism of up-regulation of renal AT1R, and further tested superoxide Vs hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) specificity in this phenomenon. We found that transcription factor Sp3 plasmid increased (Control vs Sp3: 0.1165 ± 0.01 vs 0.3810 ± 0.03) while Sp3 siRNA decreased (Control siRNA vs Sp3 siRNA: 1.11 ± 0.25 vs 0.64 ± 0.06) the levels of AT1 receptor protein in human kidney (HK2) cells. Whereas transcription factor NF-kB p-65 plasmid...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Saleem, M. Tags: Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception Source Type: research

Abstract 122: Activation of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-related Factor 2 (Nrf2) Enhances Cyclooxygenase 2 Expression via Promoter Antioxidant Response Element in Preglomerular Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (PGVSMCs) Session Title: Concurrent XVIII C: Oxidative Stress II
In conclusion, these results show a novel role of Nrf2 in inducing COX2 expression through binding to promoter ARE in the absence of increased ROS in rat PGVSMCs.
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Luo, Z., Welch, W. J., Wilcox, C. S. Tags: Session Title: Concurrent XVIII C: Oxidative Stress II Source Type: research

AMPK interacts with β-catenin in the regulation of hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation and survival with selenium treatment.
Authors: Park SY, Lee YK, Kim HJ, Park OJ, Kim YM Abstract Selenium has received much attention as an anticancer agent, although the mechanisms of action underlying its pro-apoptotic properties remain unclear. Tumors that respond well to antioxidant treatments, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), may benefit from treatment with selenium as this compound also has antioxidant properties. Furthermore, a major oncogenic driver in HCC is the nuclear transcription co-activator, β-catenin. In the present study, we examined the mechanism by which selenium reduces survival of HCC cells, and whether this was associated ...
Source: Oncology Reports - December 29, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Rep Source Type: research

Abstract B50: Actin remodeling confers BRAF inhibitor resistance to melanoma cells through YAP/TAZ activation
ConclusionOur results implicate the actin cytoskeleton in the induction of YAP/TAZ-dependent resistance to vemurafenib, and inhibition of actin remodeling might be a promising synthetic lethal strategy to suppress resistance in BRAF inhibitor therapies.Citation Format: Min Hwan Kim, Joon Kim. Actin remodeling confers BRAF inhibitor resistance to melanoma cells through YAP/TAZ activation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2015 Nov 5-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2015;14(12 Suppl 2):Abstract nr B50.
Source: Molecular Cancer Therapeutics - January 7, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kim, M. H., Kim, J. Tags: Drug Resistance and Modifiers: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research